scholarly journals The situation during the COVID-19 pandemic: A snapshot in Germany

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0245719
Author(s):  
Niclas Kuper ◽  
Nick Modersitzki ◽  
Le Vy Phan ◽  
John Rauthmann
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Everyday Lives

During government-implemented restrictions in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, people’s everyday lives changed profoundly. However, there is to date little research chronicling how people perceived their changed everyday lives and which consequences this had. In a two-wave study, we examined the psychological characteristics of people’s situations and their correlates during shutdown in a large German sample (NT1 = 1,353; NT2 = 446). First, we compared characteristics during government-issued restrictions with retrospective accounts from before and with a follow-up assessment 6 to 7 months later when many restrictions had been lifted. We found that mean levels were lower and variances were higher for most characteristics during the shutdown. Second, the experience of certain situation characteristics was associated in meaningful and theoretically expected ways with people’s traits, appraisals of the COVID-19 crisis, and subjective well-being. Lastly, situation characteristics often substantially explained the associations of traits with appraisals and well-being. Our findings highlight the importance of considering perceived situations as these contribute to people’s functioning during crises.

scholarly journals The Situation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Snapshot in Germany

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niclas Kuper ◽  
Nick Modersitzki ◽  
Le Vy Phan ◽  
John F. Rauthmann
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Everyday Lives

During government-implemented restrictions in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, people’s everyday lives changed profoundly. However, there is to date little research chronicling how people perceived their changed everyday lives and which consequences this had. In a two-wave study, we examined the psychological characteristics of people’s situations and their correlates during shutdown in a large German sample (NT1 = 1,353; NT2 = 446). First, we compared characteristics during government-issued restrictions with retrospective accounts from before and with a follow-up assessment 6 to 7 months later when many restrictions had been lifted. We found that mean levels were lower and variances were higher for most characteristics during the shutdown. Second, the experience of certain situation characteristics was associated in meaningful and theoretically expected ways with people’s traits, appraisals of the COVID-19 crisis, and subjective well-being. Lastly, situation characteristics often substantially explained the associations of traits with appraisals and well-being. Our findings highlight the importance of considering perceived situations as these contribute to people’s functioning during crises.

scholarly journals The influence of daily spiritual experiences and gender on subjective well-being over time in cancer survivors

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-171
Author(s):  
Myriam Rudaz ◽  
Thomas Ledermann ◽  
Joseph G. Grzywacz
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Spiritual Experiences ◽  
Daily Spiritual Experiences ◽  
Over Time

Cancer survivors are at risk for poor subjective well-being, but the potential beneficial effect of daily spiritual experiences is unknown. Using data from the second and third wave of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study, we examined the extent to which daily spiritual experiences at baseline moderate the association between subjective well-being at baseline and approximately 10 years later in cancer survivors ( n = 288). Regression analyses, controlled for age, educational attainment, and religious/spiritual coping, showed that daily spiritual experiences moderated the association between life satisfaction at baseline and follow-up. Specifically, high spiritual experiences enhanced life satisfaction over time in cancer survivors with low life satisfaction at baseline. Also, daily spiritual experiences moderated the association between positive affect at baseline and follow-up, though this moderating effect was different for women and men. No moderating effect emerged for negative affect.

scholarly journals Longitudinal stability and interrelations between health behavior and subjective well-being in a follow-up of nine years

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0259280
Author(s):  
Säde Stenlund ◽  
Niina Junttila ◽  
Heli Koivumaa-Honkanen ◽  
Lauri Sillanmäki ◽  
David Stenlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cross

Background The bidirectional relationship between health behavior and subjective well-being has previously been studied sparsely, and mainly for individual health behaviors and regression models. In the present study, we deepen this knowledge focusing on the four principal health behaviors and using structural equation modeling with selected covariates. Methods The follow-up data (n = 11,804) was derived from a population-based random sample of working-age Finns from two waves (2003 and 2012) of the Health and Social Support (HeSSup) postal survey. Structural equation modeling was used to study the cross-sectional, cross-lagged, and longitudinal relationships between the four principal health behaviors and subjective well-being at baseline and after the nine-year follow-up adjusted for age, gender, education, and self-reported diseases. The included health behaviors were physical activity, dietary habits, alcohol consumption, and smoking status. Subjective well-being was measured through four items comprising happiness, interest, and ease in life, and perceived loneliness. Results Bidirectionally, only health behavior in 2003 predicted subjective well-being in 2012, whereas subjective well-being in 2003 did not predict health behavior in 2012. In addition, the cross-sectional interactions in 2003 and in 2012 between health behavior and subjective well-being were statistically significant. The baseline levels predicted their respective follow-up levels, the effect being stronger in health behavior than in subjective well-being. Conclusion The four principal health behaviors together predict subsequent subjective well-being after an extensive follow-up. Although not particularly strong, the results could still be used for motivation for health behavior change, because of the beneficial effects of health behavior on subjective well-being.

Schizofrenia e intervento psicosociale sulle famiglie. Indagine sulle caratteristiche dell'utenza e follow-up ad un anno

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Carrà ◽  
Massimo Clerici ◽  
Carlo L. Cazzullo
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Well Being ◽  
External Control ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Nominal Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Follow Up Study

SummaryAims - Evaluating socio-demographic characteristics of a sample of 102 schizophrenic patients and their relatives which got in touch with a facility with different psychoeducational treatments. Checking differential characteristics among subsamples according to the engaging to different treatment programs. Longitudinally evaluating both patient's psychosocial course and relative's perception 1 year after the end of such a treatment. Design - Assessment of patients and relatives sociodemographic characteristics, according to engaging in 2 different psychoeducative groups (informative and support) or not engaging (early drop-outs), matching Vs. an external control sample of «no-treated» families. One year follow-up study on patients and relatives both for «objective» and «subjective» conditions. Setting -A private social organization of voluntary psychiatrists, the Association for Research on Schizophrenia in Milan. Main outcome measures - Survey on characteristics of patients and relatives in different stage of treatment collected by standardized records and contrasted with those of comparison groups. Follow-up study by structured questionary. Student's two tailed t tests were used to compare some socio-demographic data. Chi-square analyses were used to compare nominal data. Mc Nemar test is used to follow significative changes. Results - Some preliminar differences in sociodemographic features, between different groups, are to be confirmed by increasing sample while there are interesting evidences for different course and outcome in a group following a particular kind of treatment (informative group) for both patient's objective performance and family subjective well-being. Conclusions - Psychoeducational family treatment shows good prospects for families interested to coping with schizophrenia and which are able to look for information and support. Longitudinal evaluation shows interesting changes in the relationship with public facilities and in the occupational status overall in the informative group. It proves its importance for «acute» schizophrenia, while a supportive treatment retains an usefulness in chronic ilnesses reducing the burden of care.

scholarly journals Who Is Impacted? Personality Predicts Individual Differences in Psychological Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany

2020 ◽  
pp. 194855062095257
Author(s):  
Nick Modersitzki ◽  
Le Vy Phan ◽  
Niclas Kuper ◽  
John F. Rauthmann
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Public Lives

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to changes in people’s private and public lives that are unprecedented in modern history. However, little is known about the differential psychological consequences of restrictions that have been imposed to fight the pandemic. In a large and diverse German sample ( N = 1,320), we examined how individual differences in psychological consequences of the pandemic (perceived restrictiveness of government-supported measures, global pandemic-related appraisals, subjective well-being) were associated with a broad set of faceted personality traits (Big Five, Honesty-Humility, Dark Triad). Facets of Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Openness were among the strongest and most important predictors of psychological outcomes, even after controlling for basic sociodemographic variables (gender, age). These findings suggest that psychological consequences of the pandemic depend on personality and thus add to the growing literature on the importance of considering individual differences in crisis situations.

scholarly journals Analysis of Functional Recovery and Subjective Well-Being after Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 715
Author(s):  
Aušra Adomavičienė ◽  
Kristina Daunoravičienė ◽  
Rusnė Šidlauskaitė ◽  
Julius Griškevičius ◽  
Raimondas Kubilius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Outpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Psychological Wellness ◽  
Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff ◽  
Cuff Repair

Background: Rotator cuff tears are common causes of functional shoulder instability and often lead to arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. A well-programmed rehabilitation leads to successful tendon healing, positive functional recovery and subjective well-being (SWB). Objective: To evaluate the changes in shoulder functioning and SWB pre-, post-outpatient rehabilitation and after one-month follow-up. Materials and Methods: A total of 44 patients were assessed three times: at the beginning (six weeks’ post-surgery), at the end of outpatient rehabilitation (2–3 weeks) and one month after rehabilitation. The outcome measures were the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score (DASH), active range of motion (ROM), manual muscle testing (MMT), hand dynamometry (HD) and pain level by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). SWB was assessed by Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the Lithuanian Psychological Well-Being Scale (LPWBS). Results are presented as a difference between periods. Results: Affected shoulder motor function (MMT, HD and ROM) significantly improved in three periods (p < 0.05); however, major recovery was observed in the follow-up period. VAS scores meaningfully decreased over all stages and negatively correlated with motor function recovery (p < 0.05). DASH rates exhibited significant retrieval in all phases, especially in follow-up. SWB results demonstrated the larger effects of self-evaluation in follow-up, improved daily functions and psychological wellness, then negative emotions significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The experienced pain and psychosocial factors significantly influence functional recovery of the shoulder during rehabilitation. The improvement in motor function, ability and pain relief during rehabilitation increases level of SWB, psychological wellness and positive emotional affect in long-term context.

scholarly journals Work Engagement and Associated Factors Among Dental Nurses in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujing Wang ◽  
Yuqin Gao ◽  
Yang Xun
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Psychological Flexibility ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Subjective Well Being

Abstract Aim: To identify the level of work engagement among dental nurses in China and explore the correlation between work engagement and psychological characteristics.Background: Work engagement is affected by many factors, level of work engagement among dental nurses is unknown.Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 215 dental nurses. The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9), Chinese Nurse Stressors Scale (CNSS), Work-related Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (WAAQ), Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and General Well-Being Schedule (GWBS) were applied to measure Chinese nurses’ work engagement, job stress, psychological flexibility, perceived social support and subjective well-being respectively. Univariate analysis was used to identify the relationships of work engagement with demographic and psychological characteristics. Hierarchical regression analysis was applied to test the variance in work engagement accounted for by factors related to work engagement in the univariate analysis.Results: The level of work engagement in Chinese dental nurses was moderate or above. Work engagement was positively associated with perceived social support, psychological flexibility and subjective well-being but negatively correlated with job stress. The hierarchical regression analysis showed that job stress, psychological flexibility and subjective well-being were significantly correlated with work engagement, which explained 36.2% of the variance in work engagement.Conclusions: Dental nurses in China had an acceptable level of work engagement in terms of vigour, dedication and absorption. Increased job stress would result in lower work engagement. Nurses who had higher levels of psychological flexibility and subjective well-being also had higher work engagement. We should emphasize the job stress of nurses, strengthen support for organizational culture, create a good work environment and interpersonal relationships, relieve nurses’ job stress, improve nurses’ levels of subjective well-being, and thus improve nurses’ work engagement levels.

scholarly journals Extending Blatt’s two-polarity model of personality development to dissociative identity disorder: a theory-building case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shana Cornelis ◽  
Mattias Desmet ◽  
Reitske Meganck ◽  
Van Nieuwenhove Kimberly ◽  
Jochem Willemsen
Keyword(s):  
Personality Development ◽  
Dissociative Identity Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Consensual Qualitative Research ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Interpersonal Relatedness ◽  
Subjective Meanings

In this theory-building case study, we investigate Blatt’s two-polarity model of personality development according to which psychopathology is a consequence of an unbalance between the two developmental lines of interpersonal relatedness and self-definition. Anaclitic psychopathology, such as schizophrenia, histrionic, dependent, and borderline personality disorders, is associated with an excessive and rigid emphasis on interpersonal relatedness. In this theory-building case study, we examine whether this model can be extended to dissociative identity disorder (DID). The patient is a 23-year old Caucasian man who suffers from periodic episodes of dissociation. Consensual qualitative research for case studies is used to quantitatively and qualitatively describe the interplay between symptomatic and interpersonal evolutions throughout 41 sessions of supportive-expressive psychoanalytic psychotherapy. In line with the two-polarity model of personality development, close associations between symptoms of dissociation and dependent interpersonal dynamics were observed. Psychoanalytic interventions focusing on elaboration of the subjective meanings of (past and anticipated) dissociations, and on working through core interpersonal conflicts, are followed by transformations in the patient’s interpersonal stances and subjective well-being. No new dissociative episodes were reported during the follow-up assessment three and a half years after the completion of treatment. This case study demonstrates that DID is a form of anaclitic psychopathology as it is associated with a predominant tendency to interpersonal relatedness.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document