Childhood food insecurity and incident asthma: A population-based cohort study of children in Ontario, Canada

Background Childhood food insecurity has been associated with prevalent asthma in cross-sectional studies. Little is known about the relationship between food insecurity and incident asthma. Methods We used administrative databases linked with the Canadian Community Health Survey, to conduct a retrospective cohort study of children <18 years in Ontario, Canada. Children without a previous diagnosis of asthma who had a household response to the Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM) were followed until March 31, 2018 for new asthma diagnoses using a validated administrative coding algorithm. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to examine the association between food insecurity and incident asthma, and adjusted models sequentially for clinical and clinical/socioeconomic risk factors. As additional analyses, we examined associations by HFSSM respondent type, severity of food insecurity, and age of asthma diagnosis. Moreover, we assessed for interaction between food security and child’s sex, household smoking status, and maternal asthma on the risk of incident asthma. Results Among the 27,746 included children, 5.1% lived in food insecure households. Over a median of 8.34 years, the incidence of asthma was 7.33/1000 person-years (PY) among food insecure children and 5.91/1000 PY among food secure children (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.24, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.54, p = 0.051). In adjusted analyses associations were similar (HR 1.16, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.47, p = 0.24 adjusted for clinical risk factors, HR 1.24, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.60, p = 0.09 adjusted for clinical/socioeconomic factors). Associations did not qualitatively change by HFSSM respondent type, severity of food insecurity, and age of asthma diagnosis. There was no evidence of interaction in our models. Conclusions Food insecure children have numerous medical and social challenges. However, in this large population-based study, we did not observe that childhood food insecurity was associated with an increased risk of incident asthma when adjusted for important clinical and socioeconomic confounders.

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Glycemic Control and the Risk of Tuberculosis: A Population-based Cohort Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-41181/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chen Li ◽

Xin Hong ◽

Songning Ding ◽

Wen Kong ◽

Xiaoyan Ding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Large Population ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Population Based ◽

Response Analysis ◽

Infectious Disease Reporting ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Background: Although diabetes, low body mass index (BMI) and high blood lipid are established risk factors for active tuberculosis, the joint effect of diabetes, BMI and blood lipid is unclear. Methods: We conducted a population-based census in eastern China including 40,311 individuals. We investigated risk factors for incident tuberculosis by excluding tuberculosis at baseline and linking all participants to the Infectious Disease Reporting Management System and Tuberculosis Management Information System of Nanjing City. Follow-up for incident tuberculosis occurred ten years. We matched participants using unique health identity card numbers, name, age, birthdate, and address. We constructed Cox Proportional hazard models adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol use.Results: After ten years follow-up, 143 individuals progressed to tuberculosis. In participants with BMI>24 kg/m2, diagnosed diabetics with fasting blood-glucose (FBG)≥7.0mmol/L showed nearly three-fold increased risk of active TB (HR=3.78, 95%CI: 1.32-10.79, P=0.007), and FBG ≥7.0mmol/L was associated with more than three-fold higher risk of active TB(HR=3.16, 95%CI:1.37-7.28, P=0.007). Among high blood lipid levels, undiagnosed diabetics was related to increase the high risk of TB (HR=3.04, 95%CI: 1.03-8.95, P=0.044) and FBG ≥7.0mmol/L increased nearly two-fold higher risk of TB (HR=2.66, 95%CI: 1.13-6.30, P=0.026). In the linear dose-response analysis, the hazard of TB increased with FBG (with a 1-unit (1-mmol/L) increase in FBG, the hazard of TB increased by 15% (95% CI, 3%–29%). Discussion: In this large population-based cohort study in a medium tuberculosis burden region, we found that diabetes increases the hazard of tuberculosis disease and diabetics with poor glycemic control aggravated this relationship especially in individuals with high level of blood lipid.

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Authors' reply re: Abnormally invasive placenta - prevalence, risk factors and antenatal suspicion: results from a large population-based pregnancy cohort study in the Nordic countries

BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology ◽

10.1111/1471-0528.13760 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 123 (6) ◽

pp. 1032-1032

Author(s):

PG Lindqvist ◽

L Thurn

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Nordic Countries ◽

Pregnancy Cohort ◽

Invasive Placenta ◽

Abnormally Invasive Placenta

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Sleep problems increase the risk of musculoskeletal pain in boys but not girls: a prospective cohort study

European Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1007/s00431-020-03667-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 179 (11) ◽

pp. 1711-1719

Author(s):

Alessandro Andreucci ◽

Paul Campbell ◽

Lisa K Mundy ◽

Susan M Sawyer ◽

Silja Kosola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Increased Risk ◽

One Year

Abstract Adults with sleep problems are at higher risk for onset of musculoskeletal pain, but the evidence is less clear for children. This prospective cohort study investigated whether children with sleep problems are at higher risk for onset of musculoskeletal pain and explored whether sex is a modifier of this association. In a prospective cohort study of Australian schoolchildren (n = 1239, mean age 9 years), the associations between sleep problems at baseline and new onset of both musculoskeletal pain and persistent musculoskeletal pain (pain lasting > 3 months) 1 year later were investigated using logistic regression. The potential modifying effect of sex was also assessed. One-year incidence proportion for musculoskeletal pain onset is 43% and 7% for persistent musculoskeletal pain. Sleep problems were associated with musculoskeletal pain onset and persistent musculoskeletal pain onset in boys, odds ratio 2.80 (95% CI 1.39, 5.62) and OR 3.70 (1.30, 10.54), respectively, but not girls OR 0.58 (0.28, 1.19) and OR 1.43 (0.41, 4.95), respectively. Conclusions: Rates of musculoskeletal pain are high in children. Boys with sleep problems are at greater risk of onset of musculoskeletal pain, but girls do not appear to have higher risk. Consideration of sleep health may help prevent persistent musculoskeletal pain in children. What is Known:• Sleep problems are associated with the onset of musculoskeletal pain in adults.• It is not clear if the association between sleep problems and the onset of musculoskeletal pain is present also in children and if sex plays a role in this association. What is New:• This is the first large population-based study that has prospectively investigated the relationship between sleep problems and onset of musculoskeletal pain in school-aged children.• Children, especially boys with sleep problems, were at increased risk for the development of persistent musculoskeletal pain.

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Effects of Maternal food Insecurity on Birth Weight of Neonates: A Prospective Cohort

Annals of King Edward Medical University ◽

10.21649/akemu.v23i4.2233 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 524-530

Author(s):

Ayesha Saeed ◽

Mobina Naqvi ◽

Ahsan Javed

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Neonatal Morbidity ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Increased Risk

Pakistani population is seriously malnutritioned and is hunger redisposed. Based on the Global Hunger Index Pakistan is ranked at 107 of 118 countries .Food insecurity is among major causes of under-nutrition and has been associated with low birth weights. This study aimed to assess the effect of maternal foodinsecurity on birth weight of neonates in Lahore, Pakistan.Ina prospective cohort conducted at Shalamar Hospital Lahore; from April to August 2016, written informed consents were obtained from 103 eligible pregnant women. Data on demography was collected through a structured questionnaire and exposure wasassessed through 6-items Version of U.S. Household Food Security Survey and cohort was followed until delivery, and birth weight was recorded. Follow up could be completed for 50 women only and response rate was 49%. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and relative risk and multinomial logistic Regression were applied using SPSS version 22. Mean maternal age was 28.100+4.824 years, mean education was 12.400+2.138 years, mean BMI was 29.420+5.075 and mean household income was PKR 25641+16251.543. With these characteristics, the mean birth weight of2.814+0.551 kg was recorded. Four percent (n=2) had very low food security and 34% (n=17) women had low food security. Importantly, food unsecured women had a 5.439 times increased risk of delivering a low birth weight neonate (RR=5.439, CI=1.710-17.296, p=0.002). Regression analysis indicated a significant association (AOR 16.076, CI=2.381-108.564, p=0.004).Based onthese studies, it was concluded that food insecurity in pregnancy is associated with low birth weight in neonates. Antenatal screening of food insecurity and timely provision food supplements through social welfare can help reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.

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Re: Abnormally invasive placenta-Prevalence, risk factors and antenatal suspicion: results from a large population-based pregnancy cohort study in the Nordic countries

BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology ◽

10.1111/1471-0528.14284 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 124 (1) ◽

pp. 164-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eric Jauniaux ◽

Sally L Collins

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Nordic Countries ◽

Pregnancy Cohort ◽

Invasive Placenta ◽

Abnormally Invasive Placenta

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Lung metastases at the initial diagnosis of high-grade osteosarcoma: prevalence, risk factors and prognostic factors. A large population-based cohort study

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/1516-3180.2018.0381120619 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 137 (5) ◽

pp. 423-429 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chao Zhang ◽

Xu Guo ◽

Yao Xu ◽

Xiuxin Han ◽

Jun Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Lung Metastases ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Initial Diagnosis ◽

High Grade ◽

High Grade Osteosarcoma

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Prevalence and sociodemographic risk factors related to household food security in Aboriginal peoples in Canada

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980008004345 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 1150-1156 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Noreen D Willows ◽

Paul Veugelers ◽

Kim Raine ◽

Stefan Kuhle

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Food Security ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Home Ownership ◽

Canadian Community Health Survey ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Aboriginal Peoples ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Household Food ◽

Sociodemographic Risk

AbstractObjectiveCanada’s Aboriginal population is vulnerable to food insecurity and increasingly lives off-reserve. The Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.2 Nutrition, was used to compare the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of food insecurity between non-Aboriginal and off-reserve Aboriginal households.DesignFood insecurity status was based on Health Canada’s revised interpretation of responses to the US Household Food Security Survey Module. Logistic regression was used to assess if Aboriginal households were at higher risk for food insecurity than non-Aboriginal households, adjusting for household sociodemographic factors.SettingCanada.SubjectsHouseholds (n35,107), 1528 Aboriginal and 33 579 non-Aboriginal.ResultsThirty-three per cent of Aboriginal households were food insecure as compared with 9 % of non-Aboriginal households (univariate OR 5·2, 95 % CI 4·2, 6·3). Whereas 14 % of Aboriginal households had severe food insecurity, 3 % of non-Aboriginal households did. The prevalence of sociodemographic risk factors for household food insecurity was higher for Aboriginal households. Aboriginal households were more likely to have three or more children (14 %v. 5 %), be lone-parent households (2 1 %v. 5 %), not have home ownership (52 %v. 31 %), have educational attainment of secondary school or less (43 %v. 26 %), have income from sources other than wages or salaries (38 %v. 29 %), and be in the lowest income adequacy category (33 %v. 12 %). Adjusted for these sociodemographic factors, Aboriginal households retained a higher risk for food insecurity than non-Aboriginal households (OR 2·6, 95 % CI 2·1, 3·2).ConclusionsOff-reserve Aboriginal households in Canada merit special attention for income security and poverty alleviation initiatives.

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