scholarly journals Effects of Maternal food Insecurity on Birth Weight of Neonates: A Prospective Cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-530
Author(s):  
Ayesha Saeed ◽  
Mobina Naqvi ◽  
Ahsan Javed
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Increased Risk

Pakistani population is seriously malnutritioned and is hunger redisposed. Based on the Global Hunger Index Pakistan is ranked at 107 of 118 countries .Food insecurity is among major causes of under-nutrition and has been associated with low birth weights. This study aimed to assess the effect of maternal foodinsecurity on birth weight of neonates in Lahore, Pakistan.Ina prospective cohort conducted at Shalamar Hospital Lahore; from April to August 2016, written informed consents were obtained from 103 eligible pregnant women. Data on demography was collected through a structured questionnaire and exposure wasassessed through 6-items Version of U.S. Household Food Security Survey and cohort was followed until delivery, and birth weight was recorded. Follow up could be completed for 50 women only and response rate was 49%. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and relative risk and multinomial logistic Regression were applied using SPSS version 22. Mean maternal age was 28.100+4.824 years, mean education was 12.400+2.138 years, mean BMI was 29.420+5.075 and mean household income was PKR 25641+16251.543. With these characteristics, the mean birth weight of2.814+0.551 kg was recorded. Four percent (n=2) had very low food security and 34% (n=17) women had low food security. Importantly, food unsecured women had a 5.439 times increased risk of delivering a low birth weight neonate (RR=5.439, CI=1.710-17.296, p=0.002). Regression analysis indicated a significant association (AOR 16.076, CI=2.381-108.564, p=0.004).Based onthese studies, it was concluded that food insecurity in pregnancy is associated with low birth weight in neonates. Antenatal screening of food insecurity and timely provision food supplements through social welfare can help reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Association of low birth weight with thinness and severe obesity in children aged 3–12 years: a large-scale population-based cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e028738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Chen ◽  
Zhijuan Jin ◽  
You Yang ◽  
Fan Jiang ◽  
Hong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Obesity In Children

ObjectivesLow birth weight (BW) is a general symbol of inadequate intrauterine conditions that elicit abnormal fetal growth and development. The aim of current study is to investigate the relationship between low BW and thinness or severe obesity during maturation.DesignA large-scale cross-sectional population-based survey.Setting134 kindergartens and 70 elementary schools.Participants70 284 Chinese children aged 3–12 years.Outcome measuresInternational Obesity Task Force body mass index (BMI) cut-offs were used to define grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3 thinness, overweight, obesity and severe obesity. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate the association between BW and BMI category.ResultsA total of 70 284 children participated in the survey. The percentage of grade 1 thinness and severe obesity in children with low BW is significantly higher than that in children with normal BW (p<0.05). Low BW was associated with an increased risk of grade 1 thinness (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.38 to 1.75), grade 2 thinness (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.64), grade 3 thinness (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.63 to 2.42) and severe obesity (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.55) but was not associated with obesity (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.06).ConclusionThere is a positive association between low BW and thinness or severe obesity risk.

scholarly journals When Do Newborns Die? Timing and Cause-Specific Neonatal Death in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Referral Hospital in Gedeo Zone: A Prospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Akine Eshete ◽  
Sileshi Abiy
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Neonatal Life ◽  
Neonatal Care Unit

Background. Maternal, newborn, and child health have a high stake in the global health agenda, however, neonates’ risk of dying is unacceptable in the world. Ethiopia is one of the countries with high burden of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Yet, timing and cause-specific neonatal death are under-investigated. The present study aimed to determine the timing and cause-specific neonatal death. Methods. We conducted a prospective cohort study at Dilla University Referral Hospital Neonatal Care Unit from November 2016 to January 2018. All admitted neonates to the neonatal care unit were followed from cohort entry up to the occurrence of an event (death) or end of follow-up. We generated descriptive statistics to determine the timing of neonatal death and the cause of deaths. Results. Overall, 11.6% of neonates died during the follow-up. We found that 34.0% and 64.3% of deaths occurred during the first and second weeks of neonatal life, respectively. Neonatal sepsis and low birth weight were the main causes of death and hospital admission. Jaundices and low birth weight were the most common causes of death during the early neonatal period, whereas birth asphyxia, low birth weight, and sepsis were during late neonatal life. However, for other causes of death, the slight difference was seen between the death patterns in early and late neonatal periods. Conclusions. The timing and cause-specific neonatal deaths were varying among different time of the neonatal periods that needs to design context-based policy and interventions.

scholarly journals Anticipated impacts of Brexit scenarios on UK food prices and implications for policies on poverty and health: a structured expert judgement approach

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e032376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine Jayne Barons ◽  
Willy Aspinall
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Price Change ◽  
Credible Interval ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Price ◽  
Expert Judgement ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Increased Risk

IntroductionFood insecurity is associated with increased risk for several health conditions and with poor chronic disease management. Key determinants for household food insecurity are income and food costs. Whereas short-term household incomes are likely to remain static, increased food prices would be a significant driver of food insecurity.ObjectivesTo investigate food price drivers for household food security and its health consequences in the UK under scenarios of Deal and No-deal for Britain’s exit from the European Union. To estimate the 5% and 95% quantiles of the projected price distributions.DesignStructured expert judgement elicitation, a well-established method for quantifying uncertainty, using experts. In July 2018, each expert estimated the median, 5% and 95% quantiles of changes in price for 10 food categories under Brexit Deal and No-deal to June 2020 assuming Brexit had taken place on 29 March 2019. These were aggregated based on the accuracy and informativeness of the experts on calibration questions.ParticipantsTen specialists with expertise in food procurement, retail, agriculture, economics, statistics and household food security.ResultsWhen combined in proportions used to calculate Consumer Price Index food basket costs, median food price change for Brexit with a Deal is expected to be +6.1% (90% credible interval −3% to +17%) and with No-deal +22.5% (90% credible interval +1% to +52%).ConclusionsThe number of households experiencing food insecurity and its severity is likely to increase because of expected sizeable increases in median food prices after Brexit. Higher increases are more likely than lower rises and towards the upper limits, these would entail severe impacts. Research showing a low food budget leads to increasingly poor diet suggests that demand for health services in both the short and longer terms is likely to increase due to the effects of food insecurity on the incidence and management of diet-sensitive conditions.

scholarly journals SAT-103 Extrauterine Growth Restriction (EUGR) in Preterm Infants: Incidence, Risk Factors, Nutrition, Auxological and Neurological Outcome.A Retrospective Study from 2010 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Del Pistoia ◽  
Maria Giulia Tozzi ◽  
Alessandra Carmignani ◽  
Massimiliano Ciantelli ◽  
Rosa Teresa Scaramuzzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract EUGR is still a serious problem in very low birth weight preterm infants. The gradual improvement in neonatal intensive care has allowed the survival of newborns with increasing low weight and gestational age, with a higher incidence of major nutritional problems and diseases (Goldenberg 2008). EUGR was defined as growth parameters ≤ 10° centile at discharge, compared to the expected intrauterine growth for post-menstrual age. Recently EUGR was defined, in a dynamic way, as the reduction in anthropometric parameters z-score between birth and discharge &gt;1SD (Griffin 2016). Aims of our study were to evaluate: the incidence of EUGR, the nutritional intake, the main risk factors, the auxological and neurological outcome. We enrolled 346 newborns admitted to our NICU from 2010 to 2016 with gestational age (GA) at birth &lt; 30 weeks and/or birth weight &lt;1500 gr. Infants with malformations or syndromes were excluded. The incidence of EUGR was 73.1% for weight, 66.3% for length and 39.3% for head circumference. We observed a decrease in SD mainly during the first 14 days of life. From two weeks to discharge, no significant catch-up growth was observed. Risk factors for EUGR were: male gender, reduced GA (p=0.000), low birth weight (p=0.000), lower minimum weight achieved (p=0.000), more time to recover birth weight (p=0.000), lower growth rate per day (p=0.001), longer period of total parenteral nutrition (p=0.008), later onset of minimal enteral feeding (p=0.006), later achievement of the full enteral feeding (p=0.000), cesarean section (p=0.006), incomplete corticosteroid prophylaxis (p=0.025), postnatal steroids use (p=0.000), mechanical ventilation (p=0.000), pulmonary bronchodysplasia (p= 0.000), leukomalacia (p=0.06), patent ductus arteriosus (p=0.000), retinopathy of prematurity (p= 0.008), late onset sepsis (p= 0.09). In 197 patients post-discharge clinical follow up at 1, 3 and 24 months of correct age (CA) was performed. Around 88% of all our sample showed normal neurological development. 12% at 1 and 3 months had abnormal general movements (both writhing and fidgety movements) or absent (p = 0.001). At 24 months CA patients with abnormal/absent fidgety movements had neurological disabilities and 83% were EUGR. At 24 months, 17% had weight &lt;10th centile and all were EUGR. 25% showed an overgrowth (weight &gt;75th centile) with a probably increased risk of metabolic disease later in life. The incidence of EUGR increased over the years due to the augmentation in preterm births with lower GA. The first 14 days of life were a critical period and nutrition is known to be mandatory to promote newborns’ growth (Asbury 2019). The EUGR condition negatively affected the neurological (Chien 2018) and auxological (Takayanagi 2018, Wood 2018) outcome of preterm infants and the early recognition of this condition is extremely important in order to implement a careful and prolonged follow-up.

scholarly journals Preconception Hemoglobin Concentration and Risk of Low Birth Weight and Small-for-Gestational-Age: A Large Prospective Cohort Study in China

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Liu ◽  
Hang An ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Zhiwen Li ◽  
Yali Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Less is known about the impact of maternal preconception anemia on birth outcomes. We aimed to examine associations between preconception hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations with risk of low birth weight (LBW) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA). This study was from a large population-based prospective cohort in China and included 124,725 women with singleton live births delivered at gestational ages of 28–45 weeks who were registered before pregnancy. Maternal Hb concentrations were measured during registration, and other health-related information was recorded prospectively. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between preconception Hb concentrations with risk of LBW and SGA, adjusting for potential confounders. The results showed women with preconception anemia accounted for 22.28%. The incidences of LBW/SGA were 2.37%/6.30% among anemic women, and 2.01%/5.48% among non-anemic women, respectively. Preconception mild anemia increased by 17% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 1.28) and 14% (95% CI: 1.07, 1.21) the risk for LBW and SGA, while moderate-to-severe anemia had no significant association with LBW and SGA. Compared with the 120–129 g/L group, a U-shaped association was observed between preconception Hb concentrations with LBW and SGA. In conclusion, not only maternal anemia but also elevated Hb concentrations before pregnancy contribute to an increased risk of LBW and SGA.

scholarly journals The association of covid-19 infection with household food insecurity among Iranian population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naser Kalantari ◽  
Neda Ezzeddin ◽  
Hassan Eini-Zinab
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Household Food

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of food insecurity score with the status of Covid-19 infection. Design: An online cross-sectional study. Demographic and socio-economic information were collected by questionnaire. Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) was used in assessing household food security status. The analysis data was done by IBM SPSS 22.0, using Chi-square test, ANOVA test and Multinomial logistic regression model. Setting: Iran Participants: 2871 Iranian adults (over 18 years old) Results: findings indicated that men [OR=0.60, CI= (0.41, 0.87), P<0.05], and healthcare personnel [OR=3.66, CI= (1.90, 7.05), P<0.001] were at higher risk for Covid-19. It was also shown that the food insecurity score is significantly higher among infected people compared to not-infected [OR=1.03, CI= (1.00, 1.05), P<0.05]. The comparison between suspected and not-infected individuals only indicated the significant differences in perceived COVID-19 prevention score, which was higher among not-infected people [OR=0.88, CI=(0.84,0.93), P<0.001]. Conclusion: Based on the results, in addition to long-term policies to improve food security, policymakers and planners need to plan and implement short-term policies (financial or food assistance) to reduce society vulnerability to the Covid-19.

scholarly journals Chronic Undernutrition and Food Insecurity Among Children and Adolescent Girls in Myanmar (P04-052-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lwin Mar Hlaing ◽  
Min Kyaw Htet ◽  
Michael Dibley ◽  
Htin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
World Bank Group ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chronic Undernutrition

Abstract Objectives Myanmar has recently conducted the first ever comprehensive nation-wide Micronutrient and Food Consumption Survey to provide the update and reliable data required for planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of nutrition interventions. This abstract presents about data on anthropometric indicators and household food security. Methods The study was a nation-wide cross-sectional survey conducted from Nov 2017 to May 2018 in all 15 states/regions (SR) of Myanmar. Thirty clusters per SR (total 450 clusters) were selected by probability proportionate to size method. Simple random sampling was applied for selection of 60 households in each cluster, total 27,339 households were studied. Measurements of weight and height in 6–59 month children (n = 8959), 5–9 year children (n = 9000), 10–14 year (adolescent) girls (n = 919), reproductive age women (15–49 years) (n = 9027) and 15–49 year men (n = 9022) and household food security status were assessed. Results One third (33.2%) of households were suffering from food insecurity. Among children 6–59 months, 26.7% were stunted, 6.7% were wasted, 19.1% were underweight and 0.8% had overweight. In 5–9 year children, 22.1% were stunted, 14.6% had thinness and 3.3% had overweight; in adolescent girls, 24.2% were stunted, 18.8% had thinness and 5.5% had overweight. Higher rate of stunting rate was found in children and adolescent girls from food insecure households than those from food secure ones. Underweight was found in 14.3% and 19.7%; overweight in 22.9% and 11.4%; and obesity in 7.3% and 2% of women and men respectively. Conclusions Myanmar is facing both acute (>5% wasting) and chronic undernutrition (>20% stunting) as public health problems among preschool children. High burden of chronic undernutrition among these children may pose increased risk of overweight among adolescents and adult population. Although Myanmar is known as food secure at union level being an agricultural country, 1 in 3 households in the country is still food insecure and facing undernutrition from childhood to adolescent and adult. Coordinated efforts should be made to improve nutritional status of population such as improving agriculture and livestock sectors, promotion of essential health services including quality antenatal care, promotion of optimal infant and young child feeding and healthy dietary habits. Funding Sources Myanmar Ministry of Health and Sports, WHO, UNICEF and World Bank group funded this nationwide survey. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Association between food insecurity, cardiorenal syndrome and all-cause mortality among low-income adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikanta Banerjee ◽  
Timothy Radak
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cardiorenal Syndrome ◽  
The United States ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Background: Food insecurity is known to be a major public health issue. There is limited data on food insecurity and chronic disease in the general population. Aim: We aimed to assess effect of food insecurity on mortality of individuals with chronic disease like cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). Methods: The study was conducted on participants aged 20 years or older in the United States living below the 130% Federal Poverty Level. We assessed food insecurity utilizing the Household Food Security Survey Module in NHANES survey for the years 1999 to 2010 with mortality follow-up. Prospective analysis was performed using complex samples Cox regression with adjustment for known confounders to determine the relationship of food insecurity and CRS. Results: Prevalence of food insecurity among the low-income population was 16.1% among males and 21.7% among females. The mean follow-up was 6.5 years. For all-cause mortality, the overall unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) of food insecurity to no food insecurity was 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18–1.37, p < 0.001). Adjusted HR was elevated, 2.81 (CI 1.57–5.05, p < 0.001), among participants who were CRS-positive and food insecure but closer to 1.0 (2.48 CI 1.73–3.55, p < 0.001) among those who were CRS-positive and food secure, after controlling for medical and demographic risk factors. Conclusions: Food insecurity is associated with higher mortality than food security. Food insecurity also may modify the effect of CRS on all-cause mortality in a representative general population. Social policy, when addressing food insecurity, should be inclusive among those with specific chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Growth and Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Preterm LBW Infants with Sepsis in India: A Prospective Cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil J. Pawar ◽  
Tejopratap Oleti ◽  
Siluvery Bharathi ◽  
Shyamsunder Tipparaju ◽  
Ershad Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective. Neonatal sepsis is associated with abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes but not with poor growth at 9 to 15 months of corrected age in LBW infants. Design, Setting, and Participants. This is a prospective cohort study involving 128 eligible preterm low-birth-weight (LBW) infants admitted during the period of 2013-2014 to the Durgabai Deshmukh Hospital and Research Center. All patients were followed up in the outpatient Department of Pediatrics. They were divided into the sepsis and nonsepsis group. Results. A total of 94 infants were evaluated (40 in sepsis and 54 in nonsepsis group). At the age of 9–15 months, low-birth-weight infants with neonatal sepsis had an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (67.5 versus 20.3%; RR: 3.31 (1.87–5.85)). There is no statistically significant difference in the growth outcomes. Conclusion. Neonatal infections are associated with the abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes in LBW infants but there was no significant difference at growth outcome at 9 to 15 months of corrected age between both groups.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document