Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria in Zambian adults and children: A secondary data analysis

Background Hypochlorhydria (gastric pH >4) increases susceptibility to diarrhoea, iron deficiency, and gastric cancer. We sought to clarify the prevalence of this condition and its predisposing factors in Zambia by pooling data from previous studies conducted in hospital and community settings. Methods Gastric pH was measured in participants from five separate studies by collecting gastric aspirate from fasted adults and children under 3 years of age undergoing gastroscopy. Gastric pH was correlated with serological testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections. Results We studied 597 individuals (487 adults and 110 children). Hypochlorhydria was present in 53% of adults and 31% of children. HIV infection was detected in 41% of adults and 11% of children. H. pylori serology was available for 366 individuals: 93% of adults and 6% of children were seropositive. In univariate analysis, hypochlorhydria was significantly associated with HIV seropositivity (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.2–2.4; p = 0.004) and H. pylori antibody seropositivity (OR 4.9; 95% CI 2.8–8.6; p<0.0001), and with advancing age in HIV negative individuals (p = 0.0001). In multivariable analysis, only H. pylori was associated with hypochlorhydria (OR 4.0; 95% CI 2.2–7.2; p<0.0001) while excluding possible exposure to proton pump inhibitors. Conclusions Hypochlorhydria is common in our population, with H. pylori being the dominant factor. Only young HIV seronegative individuals had a low prevalence of hypochlorhydria. This may have implications for the risk of other health conditions including gastric cancer.

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Tu1508 PREDICTORS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLETE AND INCOMPLETE INTESTINAL METAPLASIA (IM) ASSOCIATED WITH HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION: A LARGE-SCALE STUDY FROM LOW PREVALENCE AREA OF GASTRIC CANCER (IM-HP TRIAL)

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽

10.1016/j.gie.2020.03.3680 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 91 (6) ◽

pp. AB596-AB597

Author(s):

Natsuda Aumpan ◽

Bubpha Pornthisarn ◽

Soonthorn Chonprasertsuk ◽

Sith Siramolpiwat ◽

Patommatat Bhanthumkomol ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Intestinal Metaplasia ◽

Large Scale ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Large Scale Study ◽

Low Prevalence

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Low Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori-negative Gastric Cancer among Japanese

Helicobacter ◽

10.1111/j.1523-5378.2011.00889.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 415-419 ◽

Cited By ~ 117

Author(s):

Taiji Matsuo ◽

Masanori Ito ◽

Shunsuke Takata ◽

Shinji Tanaka ◽

Masaharu Yoshihara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Low Prevalence

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Consumption of milk and dairy products as dominant factor of underweight among children aged 24–59 months in Java Island, Indonesia (IFLS 2014)

Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.3233/mnm-200482 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Ida Ayu Devi Qirani ◽

Winda Mulia Ningsih ◽

Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Parental Education ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Dominant Factor ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Milk And Dairy Products

INTRODUCTION: Underweight is one of the most common forms of undernutrition suffered by children and has implications for both short and long term health problems. Characteristics of children, parents, and environment are factors affecting underweight in children, especially aged 24–59 months. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to find out the dominant factors affecting underweight in children aged 24–59 months in Java Island. METHODS: This cross-sectional study used secondary data from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 2014. There were 1,270 children aged 24–59 months who were involved in this study. We conducted univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using chi-square, and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression. RESULTS: This study found that 20.2% of children in Java were underweight. Based on bivariate analysis, variables that significantly associated (p < 0.05) with underweight were low birth weight (LBW), acute respiratory infection (ARI), diarrhoea, frequency of eating milk and dairy products, parental education level, and underweight father. Furthermore, based on multivariate analysis, low consumption of milk and dairy products was the dominant factor in this study (OR = 1.80). CONCLUSION: Factors related to underweight can be used to determine appropriate prevention and treatment in community levels, such as by promoting a balanced nutrition program and healthy behaviour.

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Baseline lesion number as an efficacy predictive and independent prognostic factor and its joint utility with TMB for PD-1 inhibitor treatment in advanced gastric cancer

Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology ◽

10.1177/1758835921988996 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 175883592198899

Author(s):

Xiao-Li Wei ◽

Jian-Ying Xu ◽

De-Shen Wang ◽

Dong-Liang Chen ◽

Chao Ren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Prognostic Factor ◽

Advanced Gastric Cancer ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Objective Response ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Tumor Burden ◽

Lesion Number ◽

The Impact

Background: We previously reported tumor mutation burden (TMB) as a potential prognostic factor for patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) receiving immunotherapy. We aimed to comprehensively understand the impact of tumor burden and TMB on efficacy and prognosis in immunotherapy-treated AGC patients. Methods: A total of 58 patients with refractory AGC receiving PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy from a phase Ib/II clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02915432) were retrospectively included. Univariate and multivariate logistical regression analyses and the Cox proportional hazards model were performed for prognostic value of baseline factors. Factors reflecting baseline tumor burden, including baseline lesion number (BLN), the maximum tumor size (MTS) and the sum of target lesion size (SLS) were analyzed. The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were compared by Chi-square test. Results: In univariate analysis, high BLN was associated with poor median progression-free survival (mPFS) [1.7 months versus 3.4 months; hazard ratio (HR), 2.696, p < 0.05] and median overall survival (mOS) (3.2 months versus 7.6 months; HR, 1.997, p < 0.05), while high TMB was a positive prognostic factor. In multivariable analysis, both BLN and TMB were independent prognostic factors for mOS (BLN: HR, 2.782, p < 0.05; TMB: HR, 0.288, p < 0.05), while MTS or SLS had no association with survival. Better ORR and DCR were observed in the low BLN group (15.4% versus 5.3%, p > 0.05; 86.96% versus 54.29%, p < 0.05). When combining BLN and TMB, the best efficacy and survival were observed in the BLNlowTMBhigh group (ORR: 37.5%, DCR: 62.5%, mPFS and mOS: not reached). The worst efficacy and survival were shown in the BNLhighTMBlow group [ORR: 0% (0/15); DCR: 13.3%; mPFS: 1.7 months; mOS: 2.7 months (all p < 0.05)]. Conclusions: BLN, rather than factors regarding baseline tumor size, is perhaps a potential predictor for benefit from immunotherapy and its combination with TMB could further risk-stratify patients with AGC receiving immunotherapy.

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