scholarly journals Food insecurity status and determinants among Urban Productive Safety Net Program beneficiary households in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0256634
Author(s):  
Atimen Derso ◽  
Hailemichael Bizuneh ◽  
Awoke Keleb ◽  
Ayechew Ademas ◽  
Metadel Adane
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Dependency Ratio ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Household Food

Background Measuring household food insecurity in specific geographic areas provides vital information that enables appropriate and effective intervention measures to be taken. To that end, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of food insecurity and associated factors among Urban Productive Safety Net Program (UPSNP) beneficiary households in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia’s capital city. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 624 UPSNP beneficiary households in nine districts of Addis Ababa from June to July 2019. A multi-stage sampling method was used; study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique after establishing the proportionally allocated sample size for 9 districts. Data were collected by trained personnel using a pretested, structured questionnaire. The outcome variable was food insecurity as measured by Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), a tool developed by the Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Scale (FANTA) and validated for developing countries, including Ethiopia. A binary (crude odds ratio [COR]) and multivariable (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]) logistic regression analysis were employed at 95% CI (confidence interval). From the bivariate analysis, factors having a p-value<0.25 were included in the multivariable analysis. From the multivariable analysis, any variable at p-value < 0.05 at 95% CI was declared significantly associated with household food insecurity. Model fitness was also checked using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test with p-value>0.05. Results The prevalence of household food insecurity was 77.1% [95%CI:73.8–80.7] during the month prior to the survey. Illiteracy of household head [AOR: 2.56; 95%CI:1.08–6.07], family size of 4 or more [AOR: 1.87, 95%CI:1.08–3.23], high dependency ratio [AOR: 3.95; 95%CI:1.31–11.90], household lack of access to credit [AOR:2.85; 95%CI:1.25–6.49], low household income [AOR: 4.72; 95%CI:2.32–9.60] and medium household income [AOR: 9.78; 95%CI:4.29–22.35] were significantly associated with household food insecurity. Conclusion We found that three in four of Addis Ababa’s UPSNP beneficiary households were food-insecure. Implementation of measures to improve household income, minimize the dependency ratio of households, and arrange access to credit services are paramount ways to tackle food insecurity problems in Addis Ababa.

scholarly journals Household food insecurity is associated with food intake, and household income among Hispanics in Hartford, CT

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min‐Ji Hong ◽  
Rafael Pérez‐Escamilla ◽  
Sofia Segura‐Pérez ◽  
Yu‐Kuei Peng
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food

Food Insecurity and Its Association With School Absenteeism Among Rural School Adolescents in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dessalegn Tamiru ◽  
Yabsira Melaku ◽  
Tefera Belachew
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Rural School ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
School Absenteeism ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Jimma Zone

Studies showed that poor health and nutrition among school adolescents are major barriers to educational access and achievements in low-income countries. This school-based study was aimed to assess the association of school absenteeism and food insecurity among rural school adolescents from grades 5 to 8 in Jimma zone, Ethiopia. Regression analyses were used to see the strength of association between dependent and independent variables using odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictor of school absenteeism. Validated tools are used to collect household food insecurity data. Results showed that school absenteeism is significantly high among adolescents from food insecure households when compared to adolescents from food secure households ( P <.001). School absenteeism was negatively associated with male sex (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = −0.91, 95% CI −1.85 to −0.03), household food security (adjusted odds ratio = −1.85, 95% CI −3.11 to −0.59), being an elder sibling (AOR = −0.37, 95% CI, −0.62 to −0.12), and mother involvement in decision making (AOR = −0.68, 95% CI, −1.33 to −0.03) while male-headed household was positively associated (AOR = 2.46, 95% CI, 1.37 to 4.56). Generally, this study showed that household food insecurity has significant contribution to school absenteeism among rural adolescents. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve household income earning capacity to reduce the prevalence of school absenteeism among rural school adolescents.

scholarly journals Why the World Should Not Follow the Failed United States Model of Fighting Domestic Hunger

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 814
Author(s):  
Joel Berg ◽  
Angelica Gibson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
The United States ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
Household Food

Many industrialized nations have followed the lead of the United States (US) in reducing workers’ wages and cutting government safety nets, while giving their populaces the false impression that non-governmental organizations can meet the food and basic survival needs of their low-income residents. The history of the last 50 years and the global COVID-19 pandemic demonstrate why that is a mistake, leading to vastly increased household food insecurity, poverty, and hunger. This paper takes a close look at US data to help to better understand the significant impact US federal government policy measures had on limiting hunger throughout the pandemic and how we can learn from these outcomes to finally end hunger in America and other developed nations. The top three policy prescriptions vital in ending household food insecurity in the US and industrialized countries are as follows: (1) to create jobs; raise wages; make high quality healthcare and prescription medicine free; and ensure that high quality childcare, education, transportation, and broad-band access are affordable to all; (2) to enact a comprehensive “Assets Empowerment Agenda” to help low-income people move from owing to owning in order to develop middle-class wealth; and (3) when the above two steps are inadequate, ensure a robust government safety net for struggling residents that provides cash, food, and housing assistance.

scholarly journals Predictors of household food insecurity in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna N Lauren ◽  
Elisabeth R Silver ◽  
Adam S Faye ◽  
Jennifer A Woo Baidal ◽  
Elissa M Ozanne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Stress ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Household Food

Objective: To examine associations between sociodemographic and mental health characteristics with household food insecurity as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak. Design: Cross-sectional online survey analyzed using univariable tests and a multivariable logistic regression model. Setting: The United States during the week of March 30, 2020. Participants: Convenience sample of 1,965 American adults using Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) platform. Participants reporting household food insecurity prior to the pandemic were excluded from analyses. Results: 1,517 participants reported household food security before the COVID-19 outbreak. Among this subset, 30% reported food insecurity after the COVID-19 outbreak, 53% were women and 72% were white. On multivariable analysis, race, income, relationship status, anxiety, and depression were significantly associated with incident household food insecurity. Black respondents, Hispanic/Latino respondents, and respondents with annual income less than $100,000 were significantly more likely to experience incident household food insecurity. Individuals experiencing incident household food insecurity were 2.09 (95% CI 1.58-2.83) times more likely to screen positively for anxiety and 1.88 (95% CI 1.37-2.52) times more likely to screen positively for depression. Conclusions: Food insecurity due to the COVID-19 pandemic is common, and certain populations are particularly vulnerable. There are strong associations between food insecurity and anxiety/depression. Public health interventions to increase the accessibility of healthful foods, especially for Black and Hispanic/Latino communities, are crucial to relieving the economic stress of this pandemic.

Pre-pandemic to early-pandemic changes in risk of household food insecurity among Maryland families with children

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Alysse J. Kowalski ◽  
Ann Pulling Kuhn ◽  
Hannah G. Lane ◽  
Angela C. B. Trude ◽  
Helina Selam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Program Participation ◽  
School Meals ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
School Meal ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Changes In Risk

Abstract Objective: The objective was to examine risk and protective factors associated with pre- to early-pandemic changes in risk of household food insecurity (FI). Design: We re-enrolled families from two statewide studies (2017-2020) in an observational cohort (May-August 2020). Caregivers reported on risk of household FI, demographics, pandemic-related hardships, and participation in safety net programs (e.g. CARES stimulus payment, school meals). Setting: Maryland, United States. Participants: Economically, geographically, and racially/ethnically diverse families with preschool to adolescent-age children. Eligibility included reported receipt or expected receipt of the CARES stimulus payment or a pandemic-related economic hardship (n=496). Results: Prevalence of risk of FI was unchanged (pre-pandemic: 22%, early-pandemic: 25%, p=0.27). Risk of early-pandemic FI was elevated for non-Hispanic Black (aRR=2.1 [95% CI 1.1, 4.0]) and Other families (aRR=2.6 [1.3, 5.4]) and families earning ≤300% federal poverty level. Among pre-pandemic food secure families, decreased income, job loss, and reduced hours were associated with increased early-pandemic FI risk (aRR=2.1 [1.2, 3.6] to 2.5 [1.5, 4.1]); CARES stimulus payment (aRR=0.5 [0.3, 0.9]) and continued school meal participation (aRR=0.2 [0.1, 0.9]) were associated with decreased risk. Among families at risk of FI pre-pandemic, safety net program participation was not associated with early-pandemic FI risk. Conclusions: The CARES stimulus payment and continued school meal participation protected pre-pandemic food secure families from early-pandemic FI risk but did not protect families who were at risk of FI pre-pandemic. Mitigating pre-pandemic FI risk and providing stimulus payments and school meals may support children’s health and reduce disparities in response to pandemics.

Individual and Household Food Insecurity in Canada: Position of Dietitians of Canada: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (1)

2005 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Executive Summary ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Apply Research

The position of Dietitians of Canada (DC) is that all Canadians must have food security. Recognizing food security as a social determinant of health, DC recommends a population health approach to food security: that is, an approach that seeks to reduce health inequities through the pursuit of social justice. A population health approach addresses the root cause of individual and household food insecurity – poverty – through improvements to the social safety net. DC strongly encourages dietitians to educate themselves about the issues and processes to achieve food security through social change, to use empowering strategies in community-based food programming, to conduct and apply research, and to participate in coalitions that advocate to create the conditions in which all Canadians can achieve food security.

scholarly journals Exploring the Determinants of Food Security in the Areas of the Nam Theun2 Hydropower Project in Khammuan, Laos

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 520
Author(s):  
Phouvong Phami ◽  
Jianhua He ◽  
Dianfeng Liu ◽  
Su Ding ◽  
Patrik Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Hydropower Project ◽  
Household Food

This article examines the driving forces of food security in the areas of the Nam Theun2 Hydropower Project (NT2) in Khamuan, Laos. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data from 100 NT2 resettlement households based on the random sampling technique. A linear regression technique was used to identify the influence of household food insecurity. The result showed that household size, food price, drought, shock, household income per month, number of laborers, gender of the household head, and farmland areas are important factors for household food insecurity. Policies should focus on irrigation that will permit yearlong cultivation. This will in turn become the stimulus for a concatenation of events in the process of development. People will resettle to practice agriculture while also expanding non-agricultural employment. Businesses in skills training, fish processing, textile, services, and crafts will be created, boosting household income. With inevitable population expansion, education in family planning will also be necessary to control population in relation to available resources.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Self-Reported Cholera Within HIV-Affected Households in Rural Haiti

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Richterman ◽  
Hoi Ching Cheung ◽  
Mark K Meiselbach ◽  
Gregory Jerome ◽  
Ralph Ternier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Household Food ◽  
History Of ◽  
Household Members ◽  
Time Required

Abstract Background Cholera continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is now endemic in Haiti since first being introduced in 2010. Cholera and HIV have significant geographic overlap globally, but little is known about the clinical features and risk of cholera among HIV-infected people and their households. Methods We assessed HIV-affected households originally recruited for a randomized controlled trial of food supplements. We assessed for correlation between household and individual factors and reported history of cholera since 2010 using univariable and multivariable analyses. Results There were 352 HIV-infected household members, 32 with reported history of medically attended cholera, and 1968 other household members, 55 with reported history of medically attended cholera. Among HIV-infected individuals in this study, no variables correlated with reported history of cholera in univariable analyses. Among all household members, known HIV infection (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.75; 95% CI, 2.43–5.79; P &lt; .0001), source of income in the household (AOR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.05–3.15; P = .034), time required to fetch water (AOR, 1.07 per 5-minute increase; 95% CI, 1.01–1.12; P = .015), and severe household food insecurity (AOR, 3.23; 95% CI, 1.25–8.34; P = .016) were correlated with reported history of cholera in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions Known HIV infection, source of household income, time required to fetch water, and severe household food insecurity were independently associated with reported history of medically attended cholera in HIV-affected households in rural Haiti. Further research is required to better understand the interactions between HIV and cholera.

scholarly journals Household food insecurity and hunger among households in Sidama district, southern Ethiopia

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1276-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigatu Regassa ◽  
Barbara J Stoecker
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Household Food

AbstractObjectiveTo examine household food insecurity and hunger in Sidama Zone, one of the most populous zones in southern Ethiopia.DesignCross-sectional survey administered individually by trained interviewers. Food insecurity was calculated with both the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and the Household Hunger Scale (HHS), developed by the Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Project.SettingRural households from ten kebeles (the smallest administrative district) selected from two agro-climatic zones in Sidama, southern Ethiopia, from December 2010 to January 2011.SubjectsMen and women respondents from 1094 rural households were selected using multistage sampling techniques.ResultsUsing the HFIAS, 17·7 % of households were food secure. The percentage of households that were mildly, moderately and severely food insecure was 6·8 %, 27·7 % and 47·8 %, respectively. Using the HHS, 29·0 % and 5·6 % of households fell into the moderate and severe household hunger categories. Using multivariate statistical techniques, five variables were significant predictors of both food insecurity and hunger. These variables were migration of a household member, agro-climatic zone, and younger age, less education and lower radio access for the woman. Being eligible for safety-net credit programmes also was a predictor of hunger, while limited animal ownership and household wealth as well as alcohol use by the household head added to the prediction of food insecurity.ConclusionsThe study documented that food insecurity is a major concern of smallholder farming households in the study area. A substantial majority of the households were facing mild to severe food insecurity and hunger for an extended period of time.

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