scholarly journals Pulmonary function and six-minute-walk test in patients after recovery from COVID-19: A prospective cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257040
Author(s):  
Dararat Eksombatchai ◽  
Thananya Wongsinin ◽  
Thanyakamol Phongnarudech ◽  
Kanin Thammavaranucupt ◽  
Naparat Amornputtisathaporn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Mild Symptom ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Six Minute Walk Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Minute Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk

Objectives To study abnormality of spirometry, six-minute walk distance, and chest radiograph among patients recovered from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods and study design A prospective cohort study was conducted in 87 COVID-19 confirmed cases who recovered and discharged from a medical school hospital in Thailand. At the follow-up visit on day 60 after onset of symptoms, patients underwent an evaluation by spirometry (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75, and PEF), a six-minute-walk test (6MWT), and a chest radiograph. Results There were 35 men and 52 women, with a mean age of 39.6±11.8 years and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 23.8±4.3 kg/m2. Of all, 45 cases had mild symptoms; 35 had non-severe pneumonia, and 7 had severe pneumonia. Abnormality in spirometry was observed in 15 cases (17.2%), with 8% of restrictive defect and 9.2% of obstructive defect. Among the patients with an abnormal spirometry, the majority of the cases were in the severe pneumonia group (71.4%), compared with 15.6% in the non-severe pneumonia group, and 10.2% in the mild symptom group (p = 0.001). The mean six-minute-walk distance (6MWD) in the mild symptom and non-severe pneumonia groups was 538±56.8 and 527.5±53.5 meters, respectively. Although the severe pneumonia group tended to have a shorter mean 6-min walking distance, but this was not statistically significant (p = 0.118). Twelve patients (13.8%) had abnormal chest radiographs that showed residual fibrosis. This abnormality was more common in the severe pneumonia group (85.7%) and in others (7.5%) (p<0.001). Conclusions Abnormal spirometry was noted in 17.2% of COVID-19 survivors with both restrictive and obstructive defects. Severe COVID-19 pneumonia patients had higher prevalence rates of abnormal spirometry and residual fibrosis on the chest radiographs when compared to patients in the mild symptom and non-severe pneumonia groups.

scholarly journals Six Minute Walk Test as a Monitoring tool in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on Pulmonary Rehabilitation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Vignan Kumar Gali Prakash ◽  
Sujath Gogineni ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Mahaboob V Shaik
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Six Minute Walk Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Minute Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk

Background and Aims- The six minute walk test is widely used as an outcome measure in pulmonary rehabilitation programs. The objective of this study is to report the magnitude of change in the six minute walk test with test repetition in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on pulmonary rehabilitation program. Methods: A prospective study of 51 patients with moderate to very severe COPD was carried out. Clinical examination, spirometry, six minute walk distance were done. All were advised regular follow up visits at three, six and twelve months. Results: Four (8%) very severe cases completed all visits and one in those showed improvement in Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second by 6% and six minute walk distance by 71 metres. Seven (31.37%) severe cases completed all visits; showed improvement in Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second by 2.5%; the distance walked was a mean 381.5 metres and this was 2.5 % improvement over base line walking distance. Six (11%) moderately severe cases completed the study; the mean distance walked at the end of the study was 451 metres, which is an improvement of 53% and the mean change in Forced expiratory volume in 1 second was <2%. Totally, the mean of modified Burden of Lung disease Dyspnoea scale was 1.7 (baseline) and 4 (after the test). Conclusions: These findings support the recommendation of practice six minute walk test at baseline assessment in order to provide an accurate measure of the effects of rehabilitation on six minute walk distance.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jaim.v2i2.8774 Journal of Advances in Internal Medicine 2013;02(02):35-41.

scholarly journals Oxygen desaturation during the six-minute walk test in COPD patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ângela Fontoura Moreira ◽  
Gabriel Arriola de Medeiros ◽  
Francesco Pinto Boeno ◽  
Paulo Roberto Stefani Sanches ◽  
Danton Pereira da Silva Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supplemental Oxygen ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Six Minute Walk Test ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Minute Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk ◽  
Worse Prognosis ◽  
Severe Copd

Objective: To evaluate the behavior of oxygen saturation curves throughout the six-minute walk test (6MWT) in patients with COPD. Methods: We included 85 patients, all of whom underwent spirometry and were classified as having moderate COPD (modCOPD, n = 30) or severe COPD (sevCOPD, n = 55). All of the patients performed a 6MWT, in a 27-m corridor with continuous SpO2 and HR monitoring by telemetry. We studied the SpO2 curves in order to determine the time to a 4% decrease in SpO2, the time to the minimum SpO2 (Tmin), and the post-6MWT time to return to the initial SpO2, the last designated recovery time (RT). For each of those curves, we calculated the slope. Results: The mean age in the modCOPD and sevCOPD groups was 66 ± 10 years and 62 ± 11 years, respectively. At baseline, SpO2 was > 94% in all of the patients; none received supplemental oxygen during the 6MWT; and none of the tests were interrupted. The six-minute walk distance did not differ significantly between the groups. The SpO2 values were lowest in the sevCOPD group. There was no difference between the groups regarding RT. In 71% and 63% of the sevCOPD and modCOPD group patients, respectively, a ≥ 4% decrease in SpO2 occurred within the first minute. We found that FEV1% correlated significantly with the ΔSpO2 (r = −0.398; p < 0.001), Tmin (r = −0.449; p < 0.001), and minimum SpO2 (r = 0.356; p < 0.005). Conclusions: In the sevCOPD group, in comparison with the modCOPD group, SpO2 was lower and the Tmin was greater, suggesting a worse prognosis in the former.

scholarly journals Improvement of the Six-Minute Walk Test in Children with Sickle Cell Disease over Time

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1085-1085
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Bourg ◽  
Laurence Dedeken ◽  
Phu-Quoc Le ◽  
Laurence Rozen ◽  
Safiatou Diallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Six Minute Walk Test ◽  
Clinical Events ◽  
Minute Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The six-minute walk test (6MWT) was introduced in adults and children suffering from pulmonary or cardio-vascular conditions to assess their sub-maximal functional exercise capacity. In sickle cell disease (SCD), a reduced 6-minute walk distance was observed in adults with chronic pain, hip avascular necrosis and osteopenia ; and in children with low hemoglobin level, low fetal hemoglobin, a baseline elevated TRV. In a previous study (Dedeken et al., PLoS One 2014), we also showed that abnormal 6MWT was significantly associated with the presence of silent infarct. The aim of our study is to explore the evaluation of the 6MWT over time and to confirm the correlation with the cerebral vasculopathy in a larger cohort. This study was conducted at Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (Brussels, Belgium) and included SCD children older than 6 years, regularly followed between 2011 and 2017 and who had at least two 6MWT. The age-standardized predicted value of the 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) was established as reported by Geiger. The 6MWT was considered as normal if the 6MWD was more than 80% of the age-standardized predicted value. Baseline hematological values, clinical events, cerebro-vascular disease, cardio-pulmonary parameters and disease-modifying treatment (DMT) were compared between those with normal and abnormal 6MWT and according to the 6MWD and between the 1st and the 2nd 6MWT overtime. 118 patients have been assessed twice and had at first evaluation a 6MWD of 90.6% (Range 49-119%), with an abnormal test found in 5.1%. The characteristics of the patients are detailed in the Table 1. The changes of the 6MWD and the biological data over time are detailed in Table 2. After 4 years of follow-up, 77.1% of patients were treated with Hydroxyurea (HU) and 16.6% patients were chronically transfused. In parallel with the increased HU prescribing rate, we have observed a significant increase of the Hb and the MCV and a decrease of reticulocytes and hemolysis parameters. The first 6WMT was performed at the median age of 10.3 years and the last one at the median age of 14.1 years. The median 6MWD increased over time including for non-chronically transfused patients. Girls performed less well in the 6MWT (93% for girls vs. 95.7% for boys; P = 0.03). Acute chest syndrome was significantly more frequent in boys (62%) compare to girls (38.7%). Nevertheless, no other differences were founded between boys and girls regarding biological values, clinical events or DMT. 26.5% of our patients have silent infarcts at a median age of 14.6 years. The 6MWD was the same in patients with and without silent infarcts (92.5% vs. 95% ; P=0.17) even when chronically transfused patients were excluded (94% vs. 95% ; P= 0.20). Patients with silent infarcts have a significant lower hemoglobin level and higher reticulocytes count, neutrophils count, LDH and MCV. In conclusion, the 6MWD observed in our cohort characterized by a very high rate of HU treatment is much higher than published in others series and improved over time. With only 5% of SCD patients having a 6MWD < 80% of the normal predicted value at last evaluation, we were not able anymore to confirm a correlation between the presence of silent infracts and abnormal 6MWT. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Six Minute Walk Distance and Reference Equations in Normal Healthy Subjects of Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
S.K. Shrestha ◽  
B. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Six Minute Walk Test ◽  
Minute Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk

Background The self-paced six minute walk test is a simple assessment for sub-maximal functional capacity. It correlates well with sophisticated tests and gives good prediction for morbidity, mortality, quality of life and pulmonary functions.Objective To evaluate six minute walk distance in healthy adults to identify reference values and formulate reference equations.Method We conducted six minute walk test on 250 random volunteers at and above 18 years of age as per standard protocol. Age, gender, height and weight were measured. Pre-test and post-test vital parameters were recorded including pulse oximetry. The six minute walking distance was identified in all subjects. Multiple regression analysis was done to formulate regression equations to predict six minute walking distance. This also correlated age, gender, height, weight, body mass index with six minute walking distance.Result The mean six minute walking distance was 489±86 meters with males walking 509±82 meters and females 445±78 meters. Age, gender, weight and body mass index had significant contribution for prediction of six minute walking distance. Gender was the single most important predictor. Height had the least significance. Depending on coefficients of these variables we formulated three regression equations and tested them for accurate prediction. The two best equations were identified as: Predicted SMWD = 395–1.5xAge+2.47xWT–35.89xGender and Predicted SMWD = 440–1.82xAge–53.07xGender+5.12xBMI.Conclusion Gender, age and height are the most important predictors of six minute walking distance. Reference values and equations for both genders, different age groups with varying weights were derived for local population.

scholarly journals Repeatability of the Six-Minute Walk Test and Relation to Physical Function in Survivors of a Critical Illness

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 1556-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Alison ◽  
Patricia Kenny ◽  
Madeleine T. King ◽  
Sharon McKinley ◽  
Leanne M. Aitken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Illness ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Six Minute Walk Test ◽  
Icu Length Of Stay ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Minute Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk

Background The Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is widely used as an outcome measure in exercise rehabilitation. However, the repeatability of the 6MWT performed at home in survivors of a critical illness has not been evaluated. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate, in survivors of a critical illness: (1) the repeatability of the 6MWT performed at home, (2) the effect on estimates of change in functional exercise capacity if only one 6MWT was performed at follow-up assessments, and (3) the relationship between the physical functioning (PF) score of the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36) and the 6MWT. Design Repeated measures of the 6MWT and SF-36 were obtained. Methods Eligible participants had an intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay of ≥48 hours and were mechanically ventilated for ≥24 hours. Two 6MWTs and the SF-36 were conducted in participants' homes at weeks 1, 8, and 26 after hospital discharge. Results One hundred seventy-three participants completed the study. The participants had a mean age of 57 years (SD=16), a mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score on admission of 19 (SD=10), a mean ICU length of stay of 9 days (SD=8), and a mean mechanical ventilation time of 140 hours (SD=137). Of the 173 participants, 110 performed two 6MWTs at weeks 1, 8, and 26. There were significant mean increases in 6-minute walk distance in the second test of 15 m (P&lt;.0001) at week 1, 13 m (P&lt;.0001) at week 8, and 9 m (P=.04) at week 26. If only one 6MWT was performed at weeks 8 and 26, the estimate of change in 6-minute walk distance from week 1 was 19 m less (P&lt;.001) at both weeks 8 and 26. There was a moderate to strong correlation between SF-36 PF score and 6-minute walk distance at each assessment (week 1: r=.62, P&lt;.001; week 8: r=.55, P&lt;.001; and week 26: r=.47, P&lt;.001). Limitations Some study participants were unable to perform a second 6MWT, and these participants may have differed in important aspects of function compared with those individuals who completed two 6MWTs. Conclusions In survivors of a critical illness, the 6MWT in the home environment should be performed twice at each assessment to give an accurate reflection of change in exercise capacity over time. The SF-36 PF score was a strong indicator of 6-minute walk distance in early recovery from a critical illness.

scholarly journals Characteristics and health status of patients with and without confirmed HFpEF

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Deaton ◽  
F Forsyth ◽  
J Mant ◽  
D Edwards ◽  
R Hobbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk

Abstract Aims Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are usually older and multi-morbid and diagnosis can be challenging. The aims of this cohort study were to confirm diagnosis of HFpEF in patients with possible HFpEF recruited from primary care, to compare characteristics and health status between those with and without HFpEF, and to determine factors associated with health status in patients with HFpEF. Methods Patients with presumed HFpEF were recruited from primary care practices and underwent clinical assessment and diagnostic evaluation as part of a longitudinal cohort study. Health status was measured by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), 6-minute walk test, symptoms, and the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ), and quality of life (QoL) by EQ-5D-5L visual analogue scale (VAS). Results 151 patients (mean age 78.5±8.6 years, 40% women, mean EF 56% + 9.4) were recruited and 93 (61.6%) were confirmed HFpEF (those without HFpEF had other HF and cardiac diagnoses). Patients with and without HFpEF did not differ by age, MOCA, blood pressure, heart rate, NYHA class, proportion with atrial fibrillation, Charlson Comorbidity Index, or NT-ProBNP levels. Patients with HFpEF were more likely to be women, overweight or obese, frail, and to be more functionally impaired by 6 minute walk distance and gait speed than those without. Although not statistically significant, patients with HFpEF had clinically significant differences (&gt;5 points) on the physical limitations, symptom burden and clinical summary subscales of the KCCQ, but did not differ by other subscales or by EQ-5D-5L VAS (70±17 vs 73±19, p=0.385). More patients with HFpEF reported daytime dyspnoea (63% vs 46%, p=0.035) and fatigue (81% vs 61%, p=0.008), but not other symptoms compared to those without HFpEF. For both groups BMI was moderately negatively correlated with KCCQ subscale scores, and 6 minute walk distance was positively correlated with KCCQ subscales. Conclusions Nearly 40% were not confirmed as HFpEF indicating the challenges of diagnosis. Patients with confirmed HFpEF differed by sex, overweight/obesity, frailty, functional impairment, and symptoms but not by age or comorbidities from those without HFpEF. These differences were reflected in some subscale scores of the KCCQ, but not how patients reported their quality of life on the KCCQ QoL subscale and EQ-5D-5L VAS. Older patients with HFpEF reported relatively high QoL despite poor health status by functional impairment, frailty and symptoms. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Institute of Health Research School of Primary Care Research

scholarly journals Predictors of reduced 6-minute walk distance after COVID-19: a cohort study in Mexico

Pulmonology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyson W. Wong ◽  
Stephanie López-Romero ◽  
Esperanza Figueroa-Hurtado ◽  
Saul Vazquez-Lopez ◽  
Kathryn M. Milne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk

scholarly journals Аналіз наявних інструментів оцінювання впливу фізичної терапії на осіб з хворобою Паркінсона

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
В. Брушко ◽  
Р. Баннікова ◽  
А. Ковельська
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Minute Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk ◽  
Disease Questionnaire ◽  
10 Meter Walk Test

Резюме. Правильний і обґрунтований вибір інструментальних методів оцінювання функціо-нального стану пацієнта є обов’язковою умовою адекватної фізичної терапії. Особливе місце цей аспект займає в системі нейрореабілітації пацієнтів з хворобою Паркінсона в Україні, оскільки на сьогодні кількість осіб, що потребують систематичної фізичної терапії, сягає 23 900 тис. Наростаюча маніфестація моторних і немоторних симптомів при хворобі Паркін-сона, від яких часто вирішальною мірою залежить тяжкість стану пацієнта, негативно впливає на якість його життя. Наявні функціональні порушення, які є самостійними проявами хвороби Паркінсона, вимагають специфічного підходу до комплексного інструментального досліджен-ня цих порушень для визначення диференційно-діагностичних критеріїв та оцінювання впливу фізіотерапевтичного втручання. Мета. Проаналізувати наявні інструменти оцінювання впливу фізичної терапії на осіб з хворобою Паркінсона. Методи. Теоретичний аналіз та узагальнення зарубіжних даних спеціальної науково-методичної літератури з питань застосування інстру-ментів оцінювання при хворобі Паркінсона та їх інформативності і надійності у фізичній терапії. Результати. Представлені дані свідчать, що ефективність запроваджених заходів фізичної терапії при хворобі Паркінсона залежить від правильно підібраних інструментів оцінювання, які дозволяють оцінити моторні і немоторні проблеми через призму життєдіяльності і якості життя пацієнта. Основним інструментом оцінювання для вирішення цього питання вважаєть-ся Уніфікована рейтингова шкала хвороби Паркінсона MDS-UPDRS, яка дозволяє об’єктивно оцінити моторні і немоторні аспекти життя пацієнта і його рухову активність. Оскільки наявні моторні й аксіальні рухові порушення негативно впливають на повсякденну функціональну активність пацієнта, для верифікації цих порушень пропонують використовувати тест для оці-нювання часу підйому і ходьби (Timed Up and Go (TUG)); тест з подвійним завданням (Dual-Task TUG (TUG-DT)) та шкалу рівноваги Берга (Berg Balance Scale (BBS)). Але виходячи з того, що ці тести недостатньо чутливі до невеликих змін у рухливості при хворобі Паркінсона, особливо на середніх і пізніх стадіях захворювання, їх доцільно поєднувати з одним із кількісних тестів для оцінювання ходьби: 10-метровим тестом ходьби (10 Meter Walk Test (10MW)) та 6-хвилинним тестом ходьби (Six Minute Walk Distance (6MWT)). Поняття «життєдіяльність» включає в себе не тільки переміщення, її оцінювання має бути доповнено аналізом ступеня впливу наявних по-рушень на повсякденну діяльність, тобто на якість життя пацієнта. Найбільш інформативними інструментами для проведення цього аналізу є універсальні і специфічні при хворобі Паркінсо-на опитувальники з метою оцінювання стану здоров’я SF-36, EuroQOL (EQ-5D) і PDQ-39 (The Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire). Результати аналізу та узагальнення даних науково-мето-дичної літератури дають підставу встановити, що маніфестація порушень та їх варіабельність при хворобі Паркінсона стають серйозною проблемою у досягненні кінцевого результату за-проваджених заходів фізичної терапії на всіх стадіях захворювання. Використання в комплексі стандартної експертно-реабілітаційної діагностики спеціальних інструментів оцінювання дозволяє об’єктивізувати оцінювання клінічної інформації та стимулює розроблення особисто-орієнтованих реабілітаційних стратегій із застосуванням заходів фізичної терапії, спрямованих на покращення якості життя пацієнтів з хворобою Паркінсона. Ключові слова: хвороба Паркінсона, фізична терапія, якість життя, інструменти оцінювання, достовірність, надійність, валідність.

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