scholarly journals The off-line effect of affective touch on multisensory integration and tactile perceptual accuracy during the somatic signal detection task

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261060
Author(s):  
Sofia Sacchetti ◽  
Francis McGlone ◽  
Valentina Cazzato ◽  
Laura Mirams
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Multisensory Integration ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Perceptual Accuracy ◽  
Affective Touch ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Somatic Signal ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Ct System ◽  
Somatic Signal Detection Task

Affective touch refers to the emotional and motivational facets of tactile sensation and has been linked to the activation of a specialised system of mechanosensory afferents (the CT system), that respond optimally to slow caress-like touch. Affective touch has been shown to play an important role in the building of the bodily self: the multisensory integrated global awareness of one’s own body. Here we investigated the effects of affective touch on subsequent tactile awareness and multisensory integration using the Somatic Signal Detection Task (SSDT). During the SSDT, participants were required to detect near-threshold tactile stimulation on their cheek, in the presence/absence of a concomitant light. Participants repeated the SSDT twice, before and after receiving a touch manipulation. Participants were divided into two groups: one received affective touch (CT optimal; n = 32), and the second received non-affective touch (non-CT optimal; n = 34). Levels of arousal (skin conductance levels, SCLs) and mood changes after the touch manipulation were also measured. Affective touch led to an increase in tactile accuracy, as indicated by less false reports of touch and a trend towards higher tactile sensitivity during the subsequent SSDT. Conversely, non-affective touch was found to induce a partial decrease in the correct detection of touch possibly due to a desensitization of skin mechanoreceptors. Both affective and non-affective touch induced a more positive mood and higher SCLs in participants. The increase in SCLs was greater after affective touch. We conclude that receiving affective touch enhances the sense of bodily self therefore increasing perceptual accuracy and awareness. Higher SCLs are suggested to be a possible mediator linking affective touch to a greater tactile accuracy. Clinical implications are discussed.

Vision of the body increases interference on the somatic signal detection task

2010 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mirams ◽  
Ellen Poliakoff ◽  
Richard J. Brown ◽  
Donna M. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
The Body ◽  
Somatic Signal ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Somatic Signal Detection Task

scholarly journals Transcranial alternating current stimulation at 10 Hz modulates response bias in the Somatic Signal Detection Task

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Craddock ◽  
Ekaterini Klepousniotou ◽  
Wael el-Deredy ◽  
Ellen Poliakoff ◽  
Donna Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation ◽  
Somatic Signal ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Somatic Signal Detection Task

AbstractBackgroundOngoing, pre-stimulus oscillatory activity in the 8-13 Hz alpha range has been shown to correlate with both true and false reports of peri-threshold somatosensory stimuli. However, to directly test the role of such oscillatory activity in behaviour, it is necessary to manipulate it. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) offers a method of directly manipulating oscillatory brain activity using a sinusoidal current passed to the scalp.ObjectiveWe tested whether alpha tACS would change somatosensory sensitivity or response bias in a signal detection task in order to test whether alpha oscillations have a causal role in behaviour.MethodsActive 10 Hz tACS or sham stimulation was applied using electrodes placed bilaterally at positions CP3 and CP4 of the 10-20 electrode placement system. Participants performed the Somatic Signal Detection Task (SSDT), in which they must detect brief somatosensory targets delivered at their detection threshold. These targets are sometimes accompanied by a light flash, which could also occur alone.ResultsActive tACS did not modulate sensitivity to targets but did modulate response criterion. Specifically, we found that active stimulation generally increased touch reporting rates, but particularly increased responding on light trials. Stimulation did not interact with the presence of touch, and thus increased both hits and false alarms.ConclusionstACS stimulation increased reports of touch in a manner consistent with our observational reports, changing response bias, and consistent with a role for alpha activity in somatosensory detection.

Vigilance before and after Sleep

1970 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 583-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Baekeland ◽  
Patrick Hoy
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Correct Signal ◽  
Made In

In an auditory vigilance (signal detection) task, 13 Ss missed more signals and made more false reports 10 min. after awakening in the morning than at night before bed. Higher confidence levels were associated with correct signal detections made before bed than with those made in the morning, and Ss were more confident when they responded to signals than when they made false reports.

scholarly journals Vortioxetine Differentially Modulates MK-801-Induced Changes in Visual Signal Detection Task Performance and Locomotor Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd M. Hillhouse ◽  
Christina R. Merritt ◽  
Douglas A. Smith ◽  
Manuel Cajina ◽  
Connie Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Visual Signal ◽  
Mk 801 ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Collaborative Metacognition in Signal Detection Decision Making

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1704-1708
Author(s):  
Jackson Duncan-Reid ◽  
Jason S. McCarley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Metacognitive Awareness ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Metacognitive Judgments ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Sensitive Individual

When individuals work together to make decisions in a signal detection task, they typically achieve greater sensitivity as a group than they could each achieve on their own. The present experiments investigate whether metacognitive, or Type 2, signal detection judgements would show a similar pattern of collaborative benefit. Thirty-two participants in Experiment 1 and sixty participants in Experiment 2 completed a signal detection task individually and in groups, and measures of Type 1 and Type 2 sensitivity were calculated from participants’ confidence judgments. Bayesian parameter estimates suggested that regardless of whether teams are given feedback on their performance (Experiment 1) or receive no feedback (Experiment 2), no credible differences were observed in metacognitive efficiency between the teams and the better members, nor between the teams and the worse members. These findings suggest that teams may self-assess their performance by deferring metacognitive judgments to the most metacognitively sensitive individual within the team, even without trial-by-trial feedback, rather than integrating their judgments and achieving increased metacognitive awareness of their own performance.

scholarly journals Exploring the Effect of Stimuli Characteristics on Signal Detection Performance: Sex Influenced Targeting Bias

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1615-1619
Author(s):  
Jessica Williams ◽  
Rhyse Bendell ◽  
Jason Parker ◽  
Andrew Talone ◽  
Jordan Sasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Response Criterion ◽  
Male Character ◽  
Perceptual Sensitivity ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Social Biases

Research has shown that the perceived sex (female versus male features) of a presented threat can influence participants’ responses. This exploratory analysis examined data from an experiment which utilized a virtual reality signal detection task. Six categorically different character models (three males and three females) transported one of five potential objects (one signal: pistol; five noise: gardening tools) across a virtual environment. The focus of our analysis was to explore the influence of participant sex and character gender on participants' perceptual sensitivity ( d’) and response criterion ( C). Results suggest that character gender had significant effects on d’ and C such that male character models resulted in greater perceptual sensitivity and a more liberal response criterion. Our findings align with previous research that characterize females as less likely to be targeted as a threat, possibly due to stereotypes or predisposed social biases, as opposed to males.

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