scholarly journals Drawings or 3D models: Do illustration methods matter when assessing perceived body size and body dissatisfaction?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261645
Author(s):  
Cynthia Sob ◽  
Luana Giacone ◽  
Kaspar Staub ◽  
Nicole Bender ◽  
Michael Siegrist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Line Drawing ◽  
Research Work ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
Body Checking ◽  
Figure Rating Scales

Research has reported that both men and women experience body dissatisfaction. Among other instruments, a widely used method to assess perceived body size and body dissatisfaction are figure rating scales. Although a variety of illustration methods (e.g., three-dimensional, or 3D, models and line-drawing models) have been used to create these figure rating scales, to date, they have not been directly compared to one another. Thus, in the first study, which includes 511 participants at a mean age of 46 years old (range: 20–70), the present research work aims to assess how the line-drawing and 3D model scales, representing different body illustration methods, relate to each other. Furthermore, the first study assesses the validity of the indication of body dissatisfaction measured using these figure rating scales by comparing them to body checking or scrutinizing behavior and body appreciation levels. The project’s second study examines the two figure rating scales using objectively measured anthropometric data. In total, 239 participants at a mean age of 54 years (range: 18–94) were included. The results show that figure rating scales can be considered tools that measure perceptual body image due to their positive correlations with body checking behavior (for women) and their negative correlations with body appreciation. The 3D model and line-drawing scales show good to excellent inter-scale reliability, and both scales agree equally well with body mass index (BMI) measurements. Thus, the 3D model and line-drawing scales both seem well suited for assessing perceived body size and perceptual body dissatisfaction, suggesting that neither illustration method is superior to the other.

scholarly journals The Development of a BMI-Guided Shape Morphing Technique and the Effects of an Individualized Figure Rating Scale on Self-Perception of Body Size

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey M. Hudson ◽  
Yao Lu ◽  
Xiaoke Zhang ◽  
James Hahn ◽  
Johannah E. Zabal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Line Drawing ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Body Perception ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Figure Rating Scale ◽  
The Impact

The creation of personalized avatars that may be morphed to simulate realistic changes in body size is useful when studying self-perception of body size. One drawback is that these methods are resource intensive compared to rating scales that rely upon generalized drawings. Little is known about how body perception ratings compare across different methods, particularly across differing levels of personalized detail in visualizations. This knowledge is essential to inform future decisions about the appropriate tradeoff between personalized realism and resource availability. The current study aimed to determine the impact of varying degrees of personalized realism on self-perception of body size. We explored this topic in young adult women, using a generalized line drawing scale, as well as several types of personalized avatars, including 3D textured images presented in immersive virtual reality (VR). Body perception ratings using generalized line drawings were often higher than responses using individualized visualization methods. While the personalized details seemed to help with identification, there were few differences among the three conditions containing different amounts of individualized realism (e.g., photo-realistic texture). These results suggest that using scales based on personalized texture and limb dimensions are beneficial, although presentation in immersive VR may not be essential.

scholarly journals RGB-D Indoor Plane-based 3D-Modeling using Autonomous Robot

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-1 ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mostofi ◽  
A. Moussa ◽  
M. Elhabiby ◽  
N. El-Sheimy
Keyword(s):  
3D Modeling ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Region Growing ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Visual Odometry ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Relative Pose ◽  
Matching Techniques

3D model of indoor environments provide rich information that can facilitate the disambiguation of different places and increases the familiarization process to any indoor environment for the remote users. In this research work, we describe a system for visual odometry and 3D modeling using information from RGB-D sensor (Camera). The visual odometry method estimates the relative pose of the consecutive RGB-D frames through feature extraction and matching techniques. The pose estimated by visual odometry algorithm is then refined with iterative closest point (ICP) method. The switching technique between ICP and visual odometry in case of no visible features suppresses inconsistency in the final developed map. Finally, we add the loop closure to remove the deviation between first and last frames. In order to have a semantic meaning out of 3D models, the planar patches are segmented from RGB-D point clouds data using region growing technique followed by convex hull method to assign boundaries to the extracted patches. In order to build a final semantic 3D model, the segmented patches are merged using relative pose information obtained from the first step.

The scale matters: assessing body size with figure rating scales in a diverse sample of young adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idia B. Thurston ◽  
Kristina M. Decker ◽  
Rebecca C. Kamody ◽  
Caroline C. Kaufman ◽  
Caitlyn E. Maye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Figure Rating Scales

scholarly journals PROCEDURAL 3D MODELLING FOR TRADITIONAL SETTLEMENTS. THE CASE STUDY OF CENTRAL ZAGORI

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W3 ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kitsakis ◽  
E. Tsiliakou ◽  
T. Labropoulos ◽  
E. Dimopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Research Work ◽  
3D Models ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
3D Objects ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
3D Scene

Over the last decades 3D modelling has been a fast growing field in Geographic Information Science, extensively applied in various domains including reconstruction and visualization of cultural heritage, especially monuments and traditional settlements. Technological advances in computer graphics, allow for modelling of complex 3D objects achieving high precision and accuracy. Procedural modelling is an effective tool and a relatively novel method, based on algorithmic modelling concept. It is utilized for the generation of accurate 3D models and composite facade textures from sets of rules which are called Computer Generated Architecture grammars (CGA grammars), defining the objects’ detailed geometry, rather than altering or editing the model manually. In this paper, procedural modelling tools have been exploited to generate the 3D model of a traditional settlement in the region of Central Zagori in Greece. The detailed geometries of 3D models derived from the application of shape grammars on selected footprints, and the process resulted in a final 3D model, optimally describing the built environment of Central Zagori, in three levels of Detail (LoD). The final 3D scene was exported and published as 3D web-scene which can be viewed with 3D CityEngine viewer, giving a walkthrough the whole model, same as in virtual reality or game environments. This research work addresses issues regarding textures' precision, LoD for 3D objects and interactive visualization within one 3D scene, as well as the effectiveness of large scale modelling, along with the benefits and drawbacks that derive from procedural modelling techniques in the field of cultural heritage and more specifically on 3D modelling of traditional settlements.

scholarly journals That Swimsuit Reveals You: Body Image and Bathing Suits of Florida Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Spring ◽  
Veronica McClain
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Beauty Pageant ◽  
The Media ◽  
Body Shapes ◽  
Conservative Values

Swimsuits are the most revealing garment that American women wear publicly. Yet wearing them affects how women feel about their bodies and attractiveness. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from convenience samples of Florida women and analyzed in terms of five strata: Competitors (competitive swimmers, beauty-pageant contestants, swimsuit models); College students (Afro-Caribbean, Asian, Black/Afro-American, Hispanic, White); and Adult women (North Florida Black and White; South-Beach Hispanic, and pregnant, as well as older women (doing water aerobics). Anthropometric data (BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratios, and bust-waist ratios) were collected and related to Figure Rating Scales and body descriptors, preferred and actual body shapes and sizes, and swimwear types and usage by situations (one-piece, two-piece, bikini, and thong worn in the presence of family and friends or on the beach and in private). Results, matching the literature show participants: (1) overestimate their body size and shape discrepancy from cultural ideals; (2) are affected by the media-depicting “thin ideal. Details of swimwear usage show that for Black and some Hispanic women, constructions of attractiveness are changed to laud larger size to mediate body dissatisfaction and enhance swimsuit use. For Asian women, conservative values rather than body size affect swimsuit usage. But even competitors who enjoy the benefits of swimsuits, as well as women of all ages (body-dissatisfaction continues throughout the lifespan) and ethnic/racial groups, still express body dissatisfaction.

scholarly journals Testing the discrepancy between actual and ideal body image with the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Hernández-López ◽  
Lourdes Quiñones-Jiménez ◽  
Alberto L. Blanco-Romero ◽  
Miguel Rodríguez-Valverde
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Psychological Inflexibility ◽  
Ideal Body Image ◽  
Ideal Body

Abstract Background The discrepancy between actual and ideal body image is considered an index of body dissatisfaction and a risk factor for eating disorders. While discrepancy has been traditionally tested with figural drawing rating scales, in recent times the use of implicit measures has been explored. Methods This study employs the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP) to examine actual-ideal body-size discrepancy in a sample of 130 Spanish college students, as well as its utility to predict symptoms of eating disorders and other body-image relevant measures. Participants completed the Contour Drawing Rating Scale (CDRS). The three smallest and the three largest contour drawings of the CDRS were used as target stimuli in two different IRAP tasks: one in combination with the sample phrases “I am” and “I am not” (that assessed implicit actual body image), another in combination with the phrases “I want to be” and “I don’t want to be” (that assessed implicit ideal body image). After completing both IRAP tasks, participants completed explicit measures of body-image psychological inflexibility, body dissatisfaction, and symptoms of eating disorders. Results Results showed a small implicit bias towards thinness. Participants were faster in affirming than denying that they are thin and that they desire to be thin. They were also faster in affirming than denying that they are fat and that they want to be fat, but to a smaller extent than with thinness. Specifically, the implicit desire to be (or not be) fat emerged as an independent predictor of eating disorder symptoms, psychological inflexibility, and body dissatisfaction that significantly increased the predictive power of CDRS scores. Conclusions These findings underscore the need for further research on specific body image implicit beliefs towards fatness, both in subclinical and clinical populations, in order to examine whether willingness to accept the idea that one can have a larger body size can be a suitable target for prevention and intervention in eating disorders.

Body Dissatisfaction: The Ideal Body and a Summary of Theories of Development and Maintenance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Physiological Outcomes ◽  
The Ideal

Body dissatisfaction can be defined as a negative subjective evaluation of one’s body as a whole, or relating to specific aspects of one’s body such as body size, shape, muscularity/muscle tone, and weight. Prior research has found that body dissatisfaction is associated with a number of negative psychological and physiological outcomes. This commentary describes the Western ideal male body, as well as providing a summary of theories of the cause and maintenance of male body dissatisfaction.

Methods to develop figure rating scales (FRS): A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranil Jayawardena ◽  
Piumika Sooriyaarachchi ◽  
Masaharu Kagawa ◽  
Andrew P. Hills ◽  
Neil A. King
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Figure Rating Scales

scholarly journals UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAMMETRY DIGITAL SURFACE MODEL (DSM) OF THE SUBMERGED SITE OF THE ANCIENT LIGHTHOUSE NEAR QAITBAY FORT IN ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W10 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abdelaziz ◽  
M. Elsayed
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Digital Surface Model ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
3D Photogrammetry ◽  
First Time

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Underwater photogrammetry in archaeology in Egypt is a completely new experience applied for the first time on the submerged archaeological site of the lighthouse of Alexandria situated on the eastern extremity of the ancient island of Pharos at the foot of Qaitbay Fort at a depth of 2 to 9 metres. In 2009/2010, the CEAlex launched a 3D photogrammetry data-gathering programme for the virtual reassembly of broken artefacts. In 2013 and the beginning of 2014, with the support of the Honor Frost Foundation, methods were developed and refined to acquire manual photographic data of the entire underwater site of Qaitbay using a DSLR camera, simple and low cost materials to obtain a digital surface model (DSM) of the submerged site of the lighthouse, and also to create 3D models of the objects themselves, such as statues, bases of statues and architectural elements. In this paper we present the methodology used for underwater data acquisition, data processing and modelling in order to generate a DSM of the submerged site of Alexandria’s ancient lighthouse. Until 2016, only about 7200&amp;thinsp;m<sup>2</sup> of the submerged site, which exceeds more than 13000&amp;thinsp;m<sup>2</sup>, was covered. One of our main objectives in this project is to georeference the site since this would allow for a very precise 3D model and for correcting the orientation of the site as regards the real-world space.</p>

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