scholarly journals Evolution and differentiation of the cybersecurity communities in three social question and answer sites: A mixed-methods analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261954
Author(s):  
Muting Wu ◽  
Raul Aranovich ◽  
Vladimir Filkov
Keyword(s):  
Complex Terrain ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Overlapping Communities ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Stack Overflow ◽  
Question And Answer ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Community Contribution ◽  
A Site

Cybersecurity affects us all in our daily lives. New knowledge on best practices, new vulnerabilities, and timely fixes for cybersecurity issues is growing super-linearly, and is spread across numerous, heterogeneous sources. Because of that, community contribution-based, question and answer sites have become clearinghouses for cybersecurity-related inquiries, as they have for many other topics. Historically, Stack Overflow has been the most popular platform for different kinds of technical questions, including for cybersecurity. That has been changing, however, with the advent of Security Stack Exchange, a site specifically designed for cybersecurity-related questions and answers. More recently, some cybersecurity-related subreddits of Reddit, have become hubs for cybersecurity-related questions and discussions. The availability of multiple overlapping communities has created a complex terrain to navigate for someone looking for an answer to a cybersecurity question. In this paper, we investigate how and why people choose among three prominent, overlapping, question and answer communities, for their cybersecurity knowledge needs. We aggregated data of several consecutive years of cybersecurity-related questions from Stack Overflow, Security Stack Exchange, and Reddit, and performed statistical, linguistic, and longitudinal analysis. To triangulate the results, we also conducted user surveys. We found that the user behavior across those three communities is different, in most cases. Likewise, cybersecurity-related questions asked on the three sites are different, more technical on Security Stack Exchange and Stack Overflow, and more subjective and personal on Reddit. Moreover, there appears to have been a differentiation of the communities along the same lines, accompanied by overall popularity trends suggestive of Stack Overflow’s decline and Security Stack Exchange’s rise within the cybersecurity community. Reddit is addressing the more subjective, discussion type needs of the lay community, and is growing rapidly.

Third turn position in British election phone-in conversations

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-351
Author(s):  
Anisa Pinatih
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
General Election ◽  
Substantive Content ◽  
The Third ◽  
Question And Answer ◽  
Questions And Answers

AbstractAn election radio phone-in program is designed for questions and answers, thus providing a context for direct interaction where lay-participants can engage with politicians’ responses. The current study aims at examining the third position that follows a question-answer sequence in a phone-in conversation, when radio hosts and/or callers evaluate politicians’ answers. Previous research has shown that radio hosts may offer a comeback to the caller, terminate the call, or ask their own question; and that a caller may come back on their own initiative. The aim of this article is to discover if there are patterns that underlie this diversity in the third position in radio phone-in conversations. The data consist of 4 hours and 20 minutes of transcribed conversations from election phone-ins from the Leading Britain’s Conversation (LBC) radiobroadcast prior to the 2015 general election. Using Conversation Analysis, this study looks at the sequential context and the substantive content of utterances to examine if the design and the content of the question and answer have bearing on the third position. The findings show that hosts either offered a comeback to callers or terminated the call right away when the politician’s answer was non-evasive and lacking opposition; that hosts or callers pursued an answer when evasion and opposition were apparent, and that callers pursued only when they showed oppositional stance taking in the questioning position.

scholarly journals Natural Resources and their Units

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
Frida Hastrup
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Complex Terrain ◽  
Western Norway ◽  
Fruit Cultivation ◽  
The World ◽  
World Class ◽  
A Site

Dating back to medieval times, fruit cultivation in Hardanger in western Norway is rooted in what is portrayed as a perfect microclimate naturally yielding the best apples in the world. However, the viability of the comparatively minute Norwegian fruit trade is continuously threatened by competition from outside, spurring all kinds of initiatives and policies to make it sustainable. The Norwegian fruit landscape, in other words, is both the natural and perfect home of world-class fruit and a site for continuous, often state-driven interventions to make it so; indeed, the perfection of the place accentuates the need to do what it takes to make it thrive. The necessary means to accomplish such viability, however, make up a complex terrain, as the resourcefulness of the Norwegian fruit landscape is ‘measured’ according to very different units.

scholarly journals A two-player dimension witness based on embezzlement, and an elementary proof of the non-closure of the set of quantum correlations

Quantum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Coladangelo
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Strategy ◽  
Elementary Proof ◽  
Quantum Correlations ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Finitely Presented Groups ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Question And Answer ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Finitely Presented

We describe a two-player non-local game, with a fixed small number of questions and answers, such that an ϵ-close to optimal strategy requires an entangled state of dimension 2Ω(ϵ−1/8). Our non-local game is inspired by the three-player non-local game of Ji, Leung and Vidick \cite{ji2018three}. It reduces the number of players from three to two, as well as the question and answer set sizes. Moreover, it provides an (arguably) elementary proof of the non-closure of the set of quantum correlations, based on embezzlement and self-testing. In contrast, previous proofs \cite{slofstra2019set, dykema2017non, musat2018non} involved representation theoretic machinery for finitely-presented groups and C∗-algebras.

Questions and Answers Following the Lectures

2019 ◽  
pp. 143-162
Author(s):  
Alan B. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Question And Answer ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Micro Level

This chapter outlines several questions as well as the author's answers following the lectures covered in the previous chapters. The topics are based on the lectures themselves, from the micro-level characteristics of individuals who participate in terrorism, to the ways terrorism emerges within society, and finally to the impacts of terrorism upon target countries. The chapter expands on the topics listed in the previous chapters. These question and answer segments also address some issues not directly tackled in the lectures, such as the coverage of terrorism from a more Middle Eastern perspective. The chapter also references some studies and materials for further clarification.

7. Due Process, Liberty and Security of the Person, and the Right to a Fair Trial

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Foster
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Due Process ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Fair Trial ◽  
Expert Advice ◽  
Police Powers ◽  
Question And Answer ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Bullet Point ◽  
The Right

The Concentrate Questions and Answers series offer the best preparation for tackling exam questions. Each book includes typical questions, diagram answer plans, caution advice, suggested answers, illustrative diagrams and flowcharts and advice on gaining extra marks. Q&A Human Rights and Civil Liberties offers expert advice on what to expect from your human rights and civil liberties exam, how best to prepare, and guidance on what examiners are really looking for. Written by experienced examiners, it provides: clear commentary with each question and answer; bullet point and diagram answer plans; tips to make your answer really stand out from the crowd; and further reading suggestions at the end of every chapter. The book should help you to: identify typical law exam questions; structure a first-class answer; avoid common mistakes; show the examiner what you know; make your answer stand out from the crowd; and find relevant further reading. This chapter covers due process, liberty, and security of the person, and the right to a fair trial, including articles 5, 6, and 7 of the ECHR and their application to matters such as prison discipline, police powers, and the fight against terrorism.

6. Freedom from Torture and Inhuman and Degrading Treatment

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Foster
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Expert Advice ◽  
Question And Answer ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Bullet Point ◽  
Degrading Treatment

The Concentrate Questions and Answers series offer the best preparation for tackling exam questions. Each book includes typical questions, diagram answer plans, caution advice, suggested answers, illustrative diagrams and flowcharts and advice on gaining extra marks. Q&A Human Rights and Civil Liberties offers expert advice on what to expect from your human rights and civil liberties exam, how best to prepare, and guidance on what examiners are really looking for. Written by experienced examiners, it provides: clear commentary with each question and answer; bullet point and diagram answer plans; tips to make your answer really stand out from the crowd; and further reading suggestions at the end of every chapter. The book should help you to: identify typical law exam questions; structure a first-class answer; avoid common mistakes; show the examiner what you know; make your answer stand out from the crowd; and find relevant further reading. This chapter covers the area of torture and inhuman and degrading treatment, including the meaning of those terms and the application of this protection in the context of prisoners’ rights and deportation.

7. Due Process, Liberty and Security of the Person, and the Right to a Fair Trial

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Foster
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Due Process ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Fair Trial ◽  
Expert Advice ◽  
Police Powers ◽  
Question And Answer ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Bullet Point ◽  
The Right

The Concentrate Questions and Answers series offer the best preparation for tackling exam questions. Each book includes typical questions, diagram answer plans, caution advice, suggested answers, illustrative diagrams and flowcharts, and advice on gaining extra marks. Concentrate Q&A Human Rights & Civil Liberties offers expert advice on what to expect from your human rights and civil liberties exam, how best to prepare, and guidance on what examiners are really looking for. Written by experienced examiners, it provides: clear commentary with each question and answer; bullet point and diagram answer plans; tips to make your answer really stand out from the crowd; and further reading suggestions at the end of every chapter. The book should help you to: identify typical law exam questions; structure a first-class answer; avoid common mistakes; show the examiner what you know; make your answer stand out from the crowd. This chapter covers due process, liberty, and security of the person, and the right to a fair trial, including articles 5, 6, and 7 of the ECHR and their application to matters such as prison discipline, police powers, and the fight against terrorism.

scholarly journals Pengenalan dan pengendalian hama dan penyakit utama tanaman cabai di Desa Sungai Geringging Kecamatan Kampar Kiri Kabupaten Kampar

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
Hafiz Fauzana ◽  
Rusli Rustam ◽  
Nelvia Nelvia ◽  
Yetti Elfina ◽  
Wardati Wardati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Service Programs ◽  
Question And Answer ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
And Control ◽  
Methods Of Control

Chili plants are one of the horticultural commodities that have economic value and are widely planted in Sungai Geringging Village, Kampar Kiri District, Kampar Regency. The main obstacle in achieving the quantity and quality of chili production is the attack of pests and diseases. This service aims to provide knowledge to chili farmers in Sungai Geringging Village about the types of pest and disease that attack chilies, symptoms of attack, and methods of control. The extension methods are lectures, questions and answers, discussions, demonstrations and practices with regard to chili plants. Extension is in the form of indoor presentation using LCD and in-focus tools by demonstrating the types of pest and disease that attack chilies and their attack symptoms, discussion and question and answer about pests and diseases of chili plants and their control techniques. Service programs in the form of counseling and demonstrations have been very well responded by chili farmers, counseling and demonstrations with material on how to introduce and control chili pests have never been received, plus in the cultivation of chili plants the obstacles that are often faced by farmers are problems with pests and diseases therefore participating farmers pay closer attention.

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