scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus Reveals a Novel Early Control in Acute Immune Response

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e1002289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noëlla Arnaud ◽  
Stéphanie Dabo ◽  
Daisuke Akazawa ◽  
Masayoshi Fukasawa ◽  
Fumiko Shinkai-Ouchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C

Macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles mediate a long-lasting innate immune response against hepatitis C virus

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1343-1404
Author(s):  
C Cai ◽  
B Koch ◽  
S Akhras ◽  
E Hildt ◽  
S Zeuzem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune

Enhanced immune responses, PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT signaling pathways following hepatitis C virus eradication by direct-acting antiviral therapy among Egyptian patients: a case control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haidi Karam-Allah Ramadan ◽  
Gamal Badr ◽  
Nancy K Ramadan ◽  
Aml Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Stat Signaling ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract The use of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) therapy for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) results in a high sustained virological response (SVR) and subsequently alters liver immunologic environment. However, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may occur after DAAs treatment. We aimed to clarify changes of immune responses, PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT signaling pathways in HCV-induced liver diseases and HCC following DAAs treatment. Four cohorts are classified as chronic HCV patients, HCV-related cirrhosis without HCC, HCV-related cirrhosis and HCC, and healthy control group. The patient groups were further divided into treated or untreated with DAAs with SVR12. Increased percentages of CD3, CD8 and CD4, decreased CD4/FoxP3/CD25, CD8/PD-1 and CD19/PDL-1 were found in DAAs-treated patients in the three HCV groups. Following DAAs therapy, the levels of ROS, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were significantly decreased in the three HCV groups. Treated HCV patients showed up regulation of p-AKT and p-STAT5 and down regulation of p-STAT3, HIF-1α and COX-2. In conclusion, DAAs enhance the immune response in chronic HCV and liver cirrhosis, hence our study is the first to show change in PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT signaling pathways in different HCV-induced liver diseases after DAAs. In chronic HCV, DAAs have better impact on the immune response while in liver cirrhosis not all immune changes were prominent.

scholarly journals Dissection of human humoral immune response against hepatitis C virus E2 glycoprotein by repertoire cloning and generation of recombinant fab fragments

Hepatology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 810-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Burioni ◽  
Paola Plaisant ◽  
Aldo Manzin ◽  
Domenico Rosa ◽  
Valeria Delli Carri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Fab Fragments ◽  
E2 Glycoprotein

scholarly journals The Hepatitis C Virus-Induced Membranous Web in Liver Tissue

Cells ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Blanchard ◽  
Philippe Roingeard
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Hepatoma Cell ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Host Cell Membrane

Host cell membrane rearrangements induced by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been exclusively studied in vitro. These studies have shown that HCV induces double-membrane vesicles (DMVs), which probably serve to separate replication sites from the cytoplasmic sensors of the innate immune response. We report for the first time the observation of HCV-induced membrane rearrangements in liver biopsy specimens from patients chronically infected with HCV. Unlike observations performed in vitro, the membranous web detected in liver tissue seems essentially made of clusters of single-membrane vesicles derived from the endoplasmic reticulum and close to lipid droplets. This suggests that the DMVs could be a hallmark of laboratory-adapted HCV strains, possibly due to their ability to achieve a high level of replication. Alternatively, the concealment of viral RNA in DMVs may be part of innate immune response mechanisms particularly developed in hepatoma cell lines cultured in vitro. In any case, this constitutes the first report showing the differences in the membranous web established by HCV in vitro and in vivo.

scholarly journals Modulation of the Immune Response Induced by Gene Electrotransfer of a Hepatitis C Virus DNA Vaccine in Nonhuman Primates

2006 ◽  
Vol 177 (10) ◽  
pp. 7462-7471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Capone ◽  
Immacolata Zampaglione ◽  
Alessandra Vitelli ◽  
Monica Pezzanera ◽  
Lisa Kierstead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Nonhuman Primates ◽  
Gene Electrotransfer

scholarly journals Adaptive Immune Response against Hepatitis C Virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5644
Author(s):  
Janine Kemming ◽  
Robert Thimme ◽  
Christoph Neumann-Haefelin
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Persistent Infection ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Viral Escape ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Adaptive Immune Cells

A functional adaptive immune response is the major determinant for clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, in the majority of patients, this response fails and persistent infection evolves. Here, we dissect the HCV-specific key players of adaptive immunity, namely B cells and T cells, and describe factors that affect infection outcome. Once chronic infection is established, continuous exposure to HCV antigens affects functionality, phenotype, transcriptional program, metabolism, and the epigenetics of the adaptive immune cells. In addition, viral escape mutations contribute to the failure of adaptive antiviral immunity. Direct-acting antivirals (DAA) can mediate HCV clearance in almost all patients with chronic HCV infection, however, defects in adaptive immune cell populations remain, only limited functional memory is obtained and reinfection of cured individuals is possible. Thus, to avoid potential reinfection and achieve global elimination of HCV infections, a prophylactic vaccine is needed. Recent vaccine trials could induce HCV-specific immunity but failed to protect from persistent infection. Thus, lessons from natural protection from persistent infection, DAA-mediated cure, and non-protective vaccination trials might lead the way to successful vaccination strategies in the future.

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