Evidence of Impaired Event-Based Prospective Memory in Clinical Obsessive–Compulsive Checking

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne M. Harris ◽  
Lisa Vaccaro ◽  
Mairwen K. Jones ◽  
Georgina M. Boots
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
Compulsive Checking ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Subclinical Ocd

AbstractBased on findings from subclinical OCD checking samples (Cuttler & Graf, 2007; 2008), Cuttler and Graf (2009) suggested that checking may develop to compensate for prospective memory failures. The present study provides the first evidence of prospective memory problems in a clinical sample of OCD checkers (n = 26) compared to a group of healthy controls (n = 26). Consistent with earlier work with subclinical samples, the OCD checkers performed more poorly on an event-based, but not a time-based, prospective memory task. However, the OCD checkers did not report more subjective prospective memory failures than controls and their confidence in prospective memory accuracy was higher than that of controls. An explanation of the inconsistent findings with regard to metamemory in clinical and subclinical OCD checking is provided. Further research assessing both subjective memory performance and the strategies understood to support memory is needed to clarify the contribution of prospective memory to OCD checking.

Everyday memory functioning in obsessive– compulsive disorder

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 746-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
LENA JELINEK ◽  
STEFFEN MORITZ ◽  
DEIKE HEEREN ◽  
DIETER NABER
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Compulsive Checking

Memory performance in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is discussed as a pathogenetic risk factor for the emergence of OCD, particularly checking compulsions. At present, however, findings are mixed and little is known about memory performance in tasks relevant to everyday functioning in patients with OCD. For the present study, memory performance was assessed in 31 patients diagnosed with OCD and 33 healthy controls with the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (RBMT), which covers a wide range of verbal and nonverbal memory components as well as prospective memory. OCD patients performed comparably to healthy controls on the memory task for verbal, nonverbal, and prospective memory (p > .1). According to norm values, memory performance was unimpaired in most OCD patients. The present findings further challenge a broad account of the “memory deficit” hypothesis of OCD and compulsive checking, respectively (JINS, 2006, 12, 746–749.)

Does Delay Affect Prospective Memory Performance?

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Nigro ◽  
Pier Carla Cicogna
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Prospective Memory Task ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Prospective Remembering ◽  
Intention Formation ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Prospective Memory Performance

The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which the retention interval between intention formation and the execution of the action affects the occurrence of remembering and its accuracy. 126 subjects (48 men and 78 women) between 18 and 24 years participated in a two-phase experiment. An event-based prospective memory task was assigned at the end of the first experimental session, which required reporting a message to the second experimenter at the beginning of the second experimental session. The length of the interval of time between the formation of the intention and its execution varied (10 minutes, 2 days, 2 weeks). Participants were randomly assigned to the three conditions (42 each). A post-experimental interview was carried out in order to find out the strategies that subjects employed to retrieve the message and the importance they attributed to the task. Results indicate that the delay affected neither the occurrence of remembering nor its accuracy, and that the importance attributed to the planned action improved the likelihood of prospective remembering. Furthermore, results seem to indicate that external reminders do not improve prospective memory. Further implications of the finding were discussed.

scholarly journals A-47 Self-reported Difficulties in Retrospective Memory Predict Poor Verbal Memory Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 906-906
Author(s):  
K Stypulkowski ◽  
J Roberts ◽  
A Robledo ◽  
M Maxfield
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Retrospective Memory ◽  
Subjective Memory

Abstract Objective Prospective and retrospective memory complaints are common among older adults with mixed results regarding their relationship with objective memory performance. This study investigated how subjective memory reports relate to objective memory function in a clinical sample. Method Participants (N = 139, Mage = 69.9, SD = 9.2) completed a cognitive screen at a university clinic. The assessment included the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (verbal memory), the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test – Revised (visual memory) and the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire, a subjective memory measure with higher scores indicating greater perceived difficulties. Correlations and linear regressions were used to evaluate the relationship between subjective and objective memory (a priori p-value = .01). Results Retrospective memory was correlated with immediate (r = -.35, p < .001) and delayed verbal memory (r = -.31, p < .001) but unrelated to visual memory (p > .05). Prospective memory was not correlated with performance on visual or verbal memory tasks (p > .05). Retrospective memory accounted for 12.3% of the variation in immediate (adjusted R2 = 11.6%; medium effect size), and 9.3% of the variation in delayed verbal memory (adjusted R2 = 8.6%; small effect size). Retrospective memory significantly predicted immediate [F(1, 132) = 18.48, p < .001, 95% CI = -1.04 to -0.38] and delayed verbal memory scores [F(1, 132) = 13.51, p < .001, 95% CI = -1.09 to -0.33]. Conclusions Subjective reports of retrospective memory may be a better indicator of objective verbal memory performance than prospective memory in a clinical sample of older adults.

Preliminary Remarks on Type of Task and Delay in Children's Prospective Memory

2002 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Nigro ◽  
Vincenzo Paolo Senese ◽  
Ornella Natullo ◽  
Ida Sergi
Keyword(s):  
Retention Interval ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Prospective Memory Task ◽  
Target Time ◽  
Task Time ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Principal Task ◽  
Prospective Memory Performance

This study investigated the extent to which the type of task influences children's prospective memory performance. 80 subjects, aged 7 to 11 yr. participated in an experiment in which the type of task (time-based vs event-based) and the retention interval (5 min. vs 10 min.) varied. The prospective memory task was embedded in a principal task lasting about 15 min. and required subjects perform an action at a given time or in response to a specific cue. Analysis indicated that the delay was associated with prospective memory performance only on a time-based task in which the intention has to be performed after 10 min. but not age. Analysis indicated also that time monitoring was associated with shorter latency between the target time and the execution of the intention on the time-based task. Implications were discussed.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF EMOTIONAL CUES ON EVENT-BASED PROSPECTIVE MEMORY PERFORMANCE IN OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 763-764
Author(s):  
Gyula Demeter ◽  
Ferenc Kemény ◽  
András Harsányi ◽  
Katalin Csigó ◽  
Katalin Földesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Emotional Cues ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Prospective Memory Performance

scholarly journals Nighttime sleep benefits the prospective component of prospective memory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateja F. Böhm ◽  
Ute J. Bayen ◽  
Reinhard Pietrowsky
Keyword(s):  
Retention Interval ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Multinomial Processing Tree ◽  
Tree Modeling ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Nighttime Sleep ◽  
As Effects

AbstractStudies suggest that sleep benefits event-based prospective memory, which involves carrying out intentions when particular events occur. Prospective memory has a prospective component (remembering that one has an intention), and a retrospective component (remembering when to carry it out). As effects of sleep on retrospective memory are well established, the effect of sleep on prospective memory may thus be due exclusively to an effect of sleep on its retrospective component. Therefore, the authors investigated whether nighttime sleep improves the prospective component of prospective memory, or a retrospective component, or both. In a first session, participants performed an event-based prospective-memory task (that was embedded in an ongoing task) 3 minutes after forming an intention and, in a second session, 12 hours after forming an intention. The sessions were separated by either nighttime sleep or daytime wakefulness. The authors disentangled prospective-memory performance into its retrospective and prospective components via multinomial processing tree modeling. There was no effect of sleep on the retrospective component, which may have been due to a time-of-day effect. The prospective component, which is the component unique to prospective memory, declined less strongly after a retention interval filled with sleep as compared with a retention interval filled with wakefulness. A hybrid interaction suggested that refreshed attention after sleep may account for this effect, but did not support the consolidation of the association between the intention and its appropriate context as a mechanism driving the effect.

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