Imagining mid-nineteenth-century Beirut as a ‘City of the World’: Public intellectuals, photography, cartography and historical literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-57
Author(s):  
Rita Sakr
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
First Century ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Historical Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
Crisis Of Representation ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Post War

This study explores the process of constructing mid-nineteenth-century (1858–76) Beirut as a city of the world not merely through its gradual material instantiation in mechanisms of technological modernization and in the built environment but also, more emphatically and enduringly, as a product of the cultural imagination. The article engages the ethico-political parameters of a ‘crisis of representation’ in the context of both the selected historical period that is one of geopolitical crisis, specifically the 1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus that brought refugees, military and diplomatic intervention into Beirut, and our ongoing era of intensive contestation and critical attention to Beirut’s urban heritage. This contrapuntal framework of geocreativity invites an examination of the output of mid-nineteenth-century Beiruti intellectuals and missionaries (including newspapers, public lectures, the encyclopaedia and the memoir), alongside mid-nineteenth-century photography and cartography by military and civilian visitors to Beirut, and twenty-first-century Lebanese historical literature, particularly Rabī‘ Jabir’s Bayrūt trilogy (2003–07), that recreates mid-nineteenth-century Beirut as a city of the world from the perspectives of the archive and the consciousness of the city’s post-war transformations.

scholarly journals Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell, The Magic of Sociality, and Radical Fantasy

Humanities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Nicholas Birns
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
King John

Despite huge sales and publicity on its issuance in 2004, Susanna Clarke’s Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell has received comparatively little sustained critical attention. This article argues that much of this neglect proceeds from assumptions that the book is nostalgic for a sovereign magic, when in fact its historicity is a way of shaking up time itself. I argue Clarke is looking to the early nineteenth century as the earliest possible modernity, a time in which magic is intertwined with the world much as it would be today if magic arose now. Examining the sociable magician Norrell, the questionably resurgent medieval king John Uskglass and the African-descended manservant Stephen Black provide different models of what the interrelationship between magic and reality can be and serve to destabilize any sense of a sovereign past in the book. The book’s plural magical modernity’s counter any atavistic sovereignty. By taking the reading of Clarke’s novel beyond nostalgic sovereignty, one can understand how it participates in the twenty-first century revaluation of fantasy as politically progressive and epistemically radical.

scholarly journals Charulata 2011: Dramatizing the Glocal

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-557
Author(s):  
Rituparna Roy
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
South Asian ◽  
First Century ◽  
Anna Karenina ◽  
Madame Bovary ◽  
The World ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Satyajit Ray

AbstractA lonely wife in Kolkata and a bachelor in London have a virtual affair, but are forced to re-think their relationship when they discover he is her brother-in-law. Charulata 2011 is an ingenious post-millennial adaptation of Tagore’s novella, Nastanir (The Broken Nest, 1901), already immortalized by Satyajit Ray in his classic Charulata (1964). This intertextuality, especially with Ray, lends an added dimension to the film, allowing Chatterjee to contrast two modernities in Bengal – the colonial and glocal – over the course of a century. Both these women gain temporary respite from their suffocating marriage through an affair, but their circumstances are vastly different. While Tagore/Ray’s heroine (like Anna Karenina, Madame Bovary and Lady Chatterley) could only bond with a man she knew, technology expands Charulata’s choice in 2011. She romances the strange and the unknown – an unseen tall dark stranger with a gift for words. While the nineteenth century Bengali heroine had to reign in her erotic impulse, her twenty-first century counterpart submits to it, though with an overwhelming sense of guilt. But there are similarities too – both are childless homemakers; have a literary sensibility; and though a 100 years apart, in both their cases, the lover eventually departs, and duty ultimately wins over passion, bringing back the duly chastened wife to the wronged husband. Charulata 2011 thus dramatizes a glocalized South Asian narrative, where the protagonist negotiates an uneasy juxtaposition of a globalized outlook on the world with the entrapment of age-old social obligations in her self.

Epilogue

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Migrant Labor ◽  
Labor Discipline ◽  
Land Dispossession ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Indigenous Land

This book’s epilogue considers how the story of the rise and fall of Hawaiʻi’s indigenous workers—and the diasporic, migratory nature of their experiences—revolutionizes what we think we know about the place of Hawaiʻi in the Pacific, and the place of the Pacific in the world. I also raise questions about what this story can contribute to twenty-first-century struggles over capitalism and colonialism in Hawaiʻi as well as across our globalizing world. The epilogue looks specifically at the twenty-first-century legacies of nineteenth-century practices and experiences of Hawaiian migrant labor, state labor discipline, indigenous land dispossession, policing and incarceration, and life in “perpetual diaspora.”

scholarly journals Quarantine(d) Space: Urla-Izmir (Smyrna) Island

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-252
Author(s):  
Gonca Z. Tuncbilek
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
First Century ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Healthcare Architecture

Even in the twenty-first century, pandemics lead to a particular kind of spatial organization, such as quarantine. The outbreak of the contamination era re-justifies the medicalization of spaces. Throughout history, there have been several attempts to design spaces for contagious diseases and pandemic situations all over the world—quarantine islands, lazarettos, and healthcare architecture. In the nineteenth century, the first quarantine procedures started in the Ottoman Empire, and Urla-Izmir (Smyrna) island was established as one of the examples of the quarantine system. This study investigates the architecture organization of the quarantine island as an example of a “panoptic” space.

scholarly journals Complementary and Competitive Regimes of Accumulation: Natural Resources and Development in the World-System

2012 ◽  
pp. 50-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astra Bonini
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Economic Mobility ◽  
The World ◽  
Post War

During the post-war period, natural resource production has often been associated withperipheralization in the world-economy. This paper seeks to demonstrate that this associationdoes not hold when examined from a long-term perspective, and explains the conditions underwhich natural resource production can support upward economic mobility in the world-system.First, this paper provides evidence that the production of cash crops and resource extraction hasnot always equaled peripheralization in the world-economy, as demonstrated by, among otherthings, the upward economic mobility of the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealandduring the nineteenth century. It then puts forth a new hypothesis that the existence ofopportunities for raw material producing countries depends on whether the hegemonic regime ofaccumulation at a given time structures the economy in a way that is either complementary orcompetitive to the economic development of raw material producing countries. By examining theBritish centered regime of accumulation during the nineteenth century, we find that it wascomparatively complementary to economic development in raw material producing countrieswhereas the twentieth century United States centered regime was comparatively competitive withraw material producers. Based on a comparison with Britain and the United States, the paperalso suggests that China’s increasingly central role in the world-economy may be comparativelycomplementary to economic development in raw material producing countries.

Fashioning Prince: Bikini briefs, trench coats and zoot suits, 1978–91

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 91-108
Author(s):  
Casci Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Academic Work ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Music Videos ◽  
First Century ◽  
The World ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
Twenty First Century

Minneapolis-born Prince Rogers Nelson is often revered as one of the most influential figures in twenty-first-century popular culture. A true provocateur, Prince consistently challenged perceptions of gender and sexuality throughout his career, which spanned over four decades. Since his untimely passing on 21 April 2016, not only have fans around the world celebrated the musician’s life, but his oeuvre, representation and style have garnered increasing critical academic attention. This article will contribute to this burgeoning body of academic work on Prince and his lasting legacy, through a focus upon tracing the development of Prince’s iconic sartorial style, from his debut release For You (1978) to the worldwide success of his thirteenth studio album, Diamonds and Pearls (1991). Throughout this period, Prince aroused, entertained and shocked audiences simultaneously. Whilst critical attention has been paid to his music, background and identity, there remains comparatively little academic work focusing specifically and in detail upon his garments and style. This article will chart the emerging custom designed and created style of Prince through sequential album eras, focusing on important garments worn throughout music videos, concerts and album art.

Making science international: Chilean journals and communities in the world of science

2020 ◽  
pp. 030631272094970
Author(s):  
Tomás Koch ◽  
Raf Vanderstraeten ◽  
Ricardo Ayala
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Scholarly Journals ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Inductive Analysis

Drawing on the evolution of socio-geographical imaginaries of scholarly journals published in Chile, this article provides a picture of the socio-historical trajectories of internationalization of scholarly journals and communities in that part of the (semi-)periphery of science. In order to break with the presentism of many contemporary discussions, the analysis covers a relatively long period of time, from the end of the nineteenth century until the first decades of the twenty-first century. However, based on an inductive analysis of the journals, the article particularly focuses on the rise of nationalist and regionalist orientations in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and the intensification of the pressures for internationalization in more recent decades. Building on the findings, the article concludes highlighting key elements and making some general observations on the internationalization processes in the semi-periphery of science.

scholarly journals Preparing Young Writers for Invoking and Addressing Today’s Interactive Digital Audiences

2013 ◽  
pp. 54-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa McGrail ◽  
J. Patrick McGrail
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Fifth Graders ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Classroom Teachers ◽  
Interactive Method ◽  
The World ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
Twenty First Century

Twenty-first century technologies, in particular the Internet and Web 2.0 applications, have transformed the practice of writing and exposed it to interactivity. One interactive method that has received a lot of critical attention is blogging. The authors sought to understand more fully whom young bloggers both invoked in their blogging (their idealized, intentional audience) and whom they addressed (whom they actually blogged to, following interactive posts). They studied the complete, yearlong blog histories of fifteen fifth-graders, with an eye toward understanding how these students constructed audiences and modified them, according to feedback they received from teachers as well as peers and adults from around the world. The authors found that these students, who had rarely or never blogged before, were much more likely to respond to distant teachers, pre-service teachers, and graduate students than to their own classroom teachers or peers from their immediate classroom. The bloggers invoked/addressed their audiences differently too, depending on the roles that they had created for their audiences and themselves. The authors explore how and why this came to be the case with young writers.

Pretenders to History: Four Plays for Undoing Pushkin's Boris Godunov

Slavic Review ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caryl Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Narrative Poetry ◽  
Special Place ◽  
The World ◽  
To Come ◽  
Boris Godunov

Among the problematic works of great writers, Pushkin's Boris Godunov occupies a special place. This strange hybrid of history, drama, narrative poetry, and prose Pushkin called a “romantic tragedy,” and he considered it his masterpiece. Yet the play's publication in 1831 was met with surprise and dismay. By consensus of a baffled public, Boris Godunov was a failure—neither romantic, nor feasible on the tragic stage.Since that time, generations of critics, playwrights, and producers have tried to come to terms with this troublesome text. Tolstoi's famous comment—that all great nineteenth-century Russian works defy clear generic classification1—has been invoked in defense of many irregular texts, but not this one. Boris remains stubbornly, inexplicably “undramatic.” Criticism has in fact tended to redefine the play rather than to investigate it. Boundaries are routinely blurred between the historical Tsar Boris, the historical period when his tale is retold, and the world of the fictional creation itself.

John Esputa, John Philip Sousa and the Boundaries of a Musical Career

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-46
Author(s):  
Patrick Warfield
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
American Music ◽  
Concert Band ◽  
First Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Charles Ives ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth

From the standpoint of the twenty-first century, the breadth of John Philip Sousa's career seems remarkable and unprecedented. His marches, of course, continue to dominate concert band programmes around the world. But Sousa was also a notably profitable composer of dances, songs and descriptive works that were once performed not only by bands, but also by orchestras, soloists and parlour musicians. His successful run as a theatre violinist, operetta composer, novelist and commentator made the Sousa name omnipresent in late nineteenth-century American cultural life. Given his considerable breadth and remarkable fame, it is hardly surprising that Sousa's name is found in seven of the 20 chapters that comprise the recent Cambridge History of American Music (second only to Charles Ives).

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