scholarly journals Preparation of Salicylic Nitrile through Direct Catalytic Dehydration of Salicylamide with Immobilized Phosphoric Acid as Catalyst

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1082-1086
Author(s):  
Shu-Feng Yao ◽  
Zhao-Sheng Cai ◽  
Xu-Juan Huang ◽  
Lan-Xuan Song
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Gc Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Property ◽  
Catalytic Performances

Salicylic nitrile was prepared through direct catalytic dehydration of salicylamide under high temperature using immobilized phosphoric acid as catalyst. The catalytic performances of different catalysts were evaluated according to the analytic results of GC-MS, and the feasibility about the preparation of salicylic nitrile by direct catalytic dehydration of salicylamide was investigated according to the composition of product determinated by GC analysis (area nomalization). Experimental results indicated the comprehensive property of silica gel supported phosphoric acid was the best one among all of the catalysts utilized in this study. When the temperature of catalyst bed was 480 ± 10º and silica gel supported phosphoric acid was utilized as catalyst, the conversion ratio of salicylamide was 88.79%, the selectivity to salicylic nitrile was 97.97% and the yields of salicylic nitrile could up to 86.99%. Meanwhile, the experimental results showed the increase of temperature of catalyst bed could result in the increase of the conversation of salicylamide, but much more by-product could be formed when the temperature of catalyst bed was too high.

Experimental results of the Li-Pb-Pt system obtained by the high temperature drop calorimetry

2021 ◽  
pp. 115824
Author(s):  
S. Terlicka ◽  
A. Dębski ◽  
W. Gąsior ◽  
A. Fornalczyk ◽  
M. Saternus
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Drop Calorimetry

Experiment Study of Small Composite Desiccant Wheel Based on Ceramic

2012 ◽  
Vol 614-615 ◽  
pp. 665-669
Author(s):  
Chun Xia Jia
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Moisture Removal ◽  
Experiment Study ◽  
Desiccant Wheel ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Removal Capacity

Small composite desiccant wheels based on ceramic are designed and developed. The experiments test the influence of the rotating speed and wheel thickness on the dehumidification performance. Furthermore the dehumidification performance of the composite desiccant wheel is compared with the silica gel wheel. The experimental results show increasing the rotating speed of the desiccant wheel can improve the moisture removal capacity. Compared with the silica gel wheel, the moisture removal amounts of the thin composite desiccant wheel are about similar with that of the thick silica gel wheel. It is further indentified that the new composite desiccant wheel can reduce the size of the dehumidifier and has more potential for residential building field.

Macromolecular covalently cross-linked quaternary ammonium poly(ether ether ketone) with polybenzimidazole for anhydrous high temperature proton exchange membranes

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (17) ◽  
pp. 4939-4947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Chengji Zhao ◽  
Wenjia Ma ◽  
Shuang Wang ◽  
Baolong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Poly Ether Ether Ketone ◽  
Ether Ketone ◽  
Improved Performance

The phosphoric acid doped quaternary ammonium poly(ether ether ketone) membranes cross-linked with PBI showed improved performance.

scholarly journals Postheated Model of Confined High Strength Fibrous Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaleem A. Zaidi ◽  
Umesh K. Sharma ◽  
N. M. Bhandari ◽  
P. Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Confined Concrete ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Fibrous Concrete

HSC normally suffers from low stiffness and poor strain capacity after exposure to high temperature. High strength confined fibrous concrete (HSCFC) is being used in industrial structures and other high rise buildings that may be subjected to high temperature during operation or in case of an accidental fire. The proper understanding of the effect of elevated temperature on the stress-strain relationship of HSCFC is necessary for the assessment of structural safety. Further stress-strain model of HSCFC after exposure to high temperature is scarce in literature. Experimental results are used to generate the complete stress-strain curves of HSCFC after exposure to high temperature in compression. The variation in concrete mixes was achieved by varying the types of fibre, volume fraction of fibres, and temperature of exposure from ambient to 800°C. The degree of confinement was kept constant in all the specimens. A comparative assessment of different models on the high strength confined concrete was also conducted at different temperature for the accuracy of proposed model. The proposed empirical stress-strain equations are suitable for both high strength confined concrete and HSCFC after exposure to high temperature in compression. The predictions were found to be in good agreement and well fit with experimental results.

12-Silicotungstic Acid Doped Phosphoric Acid Imbibed Polybenzimidazole for Enhanced Protonic Conductivity for High Temperature Fuel Cell Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 164 (6) ◽  
pp. F504-F513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinh T. Nguyen ◽  
Jason T. Ziolo ◽  
Yuan Yang ◽  
David Diercks ◽  
Silvia M. Alfaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Protonic Conductivity ◽  
Silicotungstic Acid

Phosphoric acid doped imidazolium silane crosslinked poly(epichlorihydrin)/PTFE as high temperature proton exchange membranes

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (66) ◽  
pp. 61029-61036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingshuai Yang ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Liping Gao ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
Yixin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Proton Exchange Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange

Phosphoric acid doped novel high temperature proton exchange membranes based on the imidazolium functionalized poly(epichlorohydrin) and porous polyetrafluoroethylene were fabricated and investigated.

scholarly journals Quantifying phosphoric acid in high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell components by X-ray tomographic microscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1319-1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Eberhardt ◽  
F. Marone ◽  
M. Stampanoni ◽  
F. N. Büchi ◽  
T. J. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Diffusion Layer ◽  
Gas Diffusion Layer ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cell Components

Synchrotron-based X-ray tomographic microscopy is investigated for imaging the local distribution and concentration of phosphoric acid in high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Phosphoric acid fills the pores of the macro- and microporous fuel cell components. Its concentration in the fuel cell varies over a wide range (40–100 wt% H3PO4). This renders the quantification and concentration determination challenging. The problem is solved by using propagation-based phase contrast imaging and a referencing method. Fuel cell components with known acid concentrations were used to correlate greyscale values and acid concentrations. Thus calibration curves were established for the gas diffusion layer, catalyst layer and membrane in a non-operating fuel cell. The non-destructive imaging methodology was verified by comparing image-based values for acid content and concentration in the gas diffusion layer with those from chemical analysis.

scholarly journals Experimental results and constitutive model of the mechanical behavior of Ti6Al4V alloy at high temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 723-730
Author(s):  
Jorge Ayllón Perez ◽  
Valentín Miguel Eguía ◽  
Juana Coello Sobrino ◽  
Alberto Martínez Martínez
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Experimental Results

New model of dielectric strength of Debye relaxation in monohydroxy alcohols

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (26) ◽  
pp. 1950313
Author(s):  
Li-Na Wang ◽  
Xing-Yu Zhao ◽  
Yi-Neng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Exact Solution ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Ising Model ◽  
Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Dielectric Strength ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Debye Relaxation ◽  
New Model ◽  
Model Predictions

The Debye relaxation of dielectric spectroscopy exists extensively in monohydroxy alcohols, and the existing theory of the dielectric strength is obviously inconsistent with the experimental results. In this paper, we propose an Ising model of infinite free-rotating pseudospin chains and get the exact solution of the dielectric strength versus temperature. The model predictions are qualitatively consistent with the experimental results, especially the crossover from the low to the high-temperature Curie–Weiss law. The quantitative comparisons indicate that the model predictions can agree well with the experimental data below 250 K.

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