scholarly journals TO STUDY THE SIGNIFICANCE OF HRCT OVER CHEST X- RAY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASES

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Agrawal ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Rajesh Agrawal ◽  
Rishi Rana
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Chest X-Ray Refresher

2014 ◽  
pp. 379-389
Author(s):  
Christopher H. Fanta
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Obstructive Lung Diseases ◽  
Chest X Ray

This Chest X-Ray Refresher is organized as a game. For each of the three topics to be discussed, we offer four chest x-rays and four clinical histories. The order of each set is random. The exercise asks that you consider the clues in the history and the findings on chest x-ray to match the history with the x-ray. In many instances, the combination will suggest a diagnosis or a limited differential of diagnostic possibilities. The three topics to be discussed are hemoptysis, chronic interstitial lung diseases, and obstructive lung diseases.

Validation of the artificial intelligence software to detect chronic fibrosing interstitial lung diseases in chest X-ray

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Nishikiori ◽  
Kenichi Hirota ◽  
Tomohiro Suzuki ◽  
Yuso Takagi ◽  
Seiwa Honda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Interstitial Pneumonia in Patients with Idhiopatic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 3953-3953
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Fontana ◽  
Elio Donna ◽  
Pamela Dudkiewicz ◽  
Gabriella Lander ◽  
Yeon S. Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
Mild Symptom ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Idhiopatic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by a premature destruction of platelets by macrophage, especially in the spleen. However in some cases, platelet sequestration and destruction may occur in other organs. Chromium labeled platelet sequestration study revealed that liver or precordial area are prominent sites of sequestration in some cases, suggesting that the lung might be the site in certain cases. Some cases of interstitial pneumonia are associated with immunologic injury to the lung and seen in patients with some autoimmune diseases, infections, drugs and transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) in which transfusions of platelets and blood products induce acute lung injury due to sequestration of platelets and neutrophils in lungs, sometimes leading to ARDS. We describe here an unusual association between ITP and interstitial pneumonia, suggesting that a lung injury similar to TRALI is involved in acute and recurrent ITP. METHODS: We have identified patients with ITP who developed interstitial pneumonia during the course of ITP. We reviewed their charts and analyzed their clinical courses of ITP and interstitial lung diseases. Laboratory tests and chest X ray or CAT scans were reviewed. The laboratory study included CBC, platelets and platelets activation was measured by PMP (platelet microparticles), expression of CD62p flowcytometrically. RESULTS: We have identified 6 patients with ITP who developed interstitial pneumonia during the course of ITP. In two of six, interstitial pneumonia was detected at the presentation of acute ITP. ITP was severe with platelet counts less than 10.000. Interstitial pneumonia was discovered incidentally by chest X ray and confirmed by CAT scans. A mild symptom of dyspnea was detected in careful examination. One underwent lung biopsy which showed findings consistent with brochiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. Repeated CAT scans in 1–3 months revealed marked improvement but residual interstitial infiltrates still persisted. Four others had a long standing chronic ITP with clinical courses characterized by frequent relapses in spite of surgical and medical therapy. Four of six patients had splenectomy. Interstitial lung diseases were detected at the time of a severe relapse with platelet counts of less than 20.000. One patient underwent chromium labeled platelet sequestration study which revealed rapid sequestration of platelets in the lung. Interstitial infiltrates improved following improvement of ITP but two progressed to interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. CD62P measured by flowcytometry was very high in all 3 patients tested, indicating persisting platelet activation in this clinical setting. SUMMARY: We report interstitial pneumonia developing in 6 patients with ITP. Clinically all were asymptomatic and detection of interstitial pneumonia was incidental radiology finding. A mild symptom of exertional dyspnea was present in careful investigation. Chest X ray or CT scans showed nonspecific interstitial infiltrates and showed an overall improvement within months but residual infiltrates persisted. Two progressed to pulmonary fibrosis. We suggest that platelets are sequestered and destroyed in the lung in some patients with ITP, to generate cytokines and lipid mediators that lead to a nonspecific interstitial lung disease.

scholarly journals Contemporary risk factors that cause disseminated lung diseases

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
E.A. Borodulina ◽  
◽  
E.V. Yakovleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Lysosomal Storage ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Research Goal

As per data provided by Rosstat, in 2018 primary morbidity with respiratory diseases amounted to 35,982 per 100 thousand people; respiratory diseases account for more than 25% in the structure of overall population morbidity and they to a great extent depend on risk factors occurrence. Disseminated lung diseases are combined into one specific group among respiratory diseases as per x-ray evidence. Our research goal was to review contemporary risk factors that cause disseminated lung diseases in order to apply them in diagnostics. We searched for scientific works that were relevant for our research in such databases as RSCI, CyberLeninka, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, and PubMed. There are a lot of classifications for disseminated lung diseases based on morphologic substrate peculiarities, etiology and other signs; it proves the issue is truly complicated. Patients with disseminated damage to lungs have similar x-ray picture of the disease and results obtained via general clinical tests also have no pathognomonic peculiarities. Clinical experts usually divide disseminations into those with infectious genesis (tuberculosis, HIV-associated disseminations, and fungus diseases) and those with non-infectious genesis (tumor disseminations, interstitial lung diseases, lysosomal storage disorders, etc.). The review outlines factors that influence both occurrence and development of lung diseases accompanied with dissemination syndrome. The greatest attention is paid to socially significant diseases as risk factors that cause them can be detected by a doctor in a patient’s case history and applied for differential diagnostics. It is necessary to develop relevant prevention activities aimed at reducing risks of disseminated lung diseases as they will allow preventing morbidity and mortality among patients suffering from lung disseminations caused by correctable risk factors.

scholarly journals Clinical features of endobronchial tuberculosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalija Samardzic ◽  
Dragana Jovanovic ◽  
Ljiljana Markovic-Denic ◽  
Marina Roksandic-Milenkovic ◽  
Spasoje Popevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Tracheobronchial Tree ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diagnostic Aspects ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Endobronchial Tuberculosis ◽  
Lung Lobes

Background/Aim. Endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) is a specific type of pulmonary tuberculosis which often affect the tracheobronchial tree, and can be microbiologically and/or pathohistologically confirmed. The aim of the study was to determine the clinical features and diagnostic aspects of EBTB. Methods. This retrospective study was conducted at the Clinic for Lung Diseases, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, from January 1997 to December 2007. All patients with EBTB confirmed by bronchoscopy with biopsy during a study period were analysed. Data included the patient?s medical history, a physical exam, chest X-ray, mycobacterial analysis of sputum samples, endoscopic types and patohistological confirmation. Results. In the study, 57.6% of the patients were males. The most frequent symptoms were cough (71.2%), malaise (54.2%), fever (49.2%), weight loss (40.7%), and hemoptysis (13.6%). Most of the patients were diagnosed within 30 days of symptoms onset. Sputum examination showed acid-fast bacilli in 31.4% of the patients, while sputum culture for tuberculosis bacilli were positive in 55.9% of the patients. The most common radiographic localization was in the upper lung lobes (63.5%). Cavities were present in 60.4% of the patients. The most common endoscopic subtype determined by bronchoscopy were nonspecific bronchitis (39.9%) and edematous-hyperemic subtype (36.4%). Conclusion. EBTB was more frequent among men, and among people in their fifties in our country. Detailed bronchoscopic examination, correlated with clinical and laboratory findings, will improve diagnostic rate and provide timely therapy.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum – a Rare Asthma Complication

Folia Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-477
Author(s):  
Serghei Covantev ◽  
Natalia Mazuruc ◽  
Rasul Uzdenov ◽  
Alexandru Corlateanu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Acute Asthma ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Tracheobronchial Tree ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Reason For Admission

Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease worldwide and its prevalence is increasing. Acute asthma complications are often the reason for admission to emergency healthcare service. In our article we present a case of a rare asthma complication – spontaneous pneumomediastinum with a short review of its incidence, etiology, diagnosis and management. Spontaneus pneumothorax is important to differentiate with secondary pneumomediastinum as well as other conditions as cardiac diseases (acute coronary syndrome, pericarditis, cardiac tamponade, pneumopericardium), lung diseases (pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, tracheobronchial tree rupture), musculoskeletal disorders, and diseases of the esophagus (rupture and perforation o the esophagus). A chest X-ray is often reliable for diagnosis of spontaneous pneumomediastinum and when inconclusive, can be followed by CT. The management is usually conservative with oxygen and analgesia. Surgery is required only in cases of tracheobronchial compression. 

scholarly journals Fast Deep Learning Computer-Aided Diagnosis against the Novel COVID-19 pandemic from Digital Chest X-ray Images

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mugahed A. Al-antari ◽  
Cam-Hao Hua ◽  
Sungyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
The Novel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Aided Diagnosis

Abstract Background and Objective: The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a harmful lung disease that rapidly attacks people worldwide. At the end of 2019, COVID-19 was discovered as mysterious lung disease in Wuhan, Hubei province of China. World health organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus outbreak a pandemic in the second week of March 2020. Simultaneous deep learning detection and classification of COVID-19 from the entire digital X-ray images is the key to efficiently assist patients and physicians for a fast and accurate diagnosis.Methods: In this paper, a deep learning computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) based on the YOLO predictor is proposed to simultaneously detect and diagnose COVID-19 among the other eight lung diseases: Atelectasis, Infiltration, Pneumothorax, Mass, Effusion, Pneumonia, Cardiomegaly, and Nodule. The proposed CAD system is assessed via five-fold tests for multi-class prediction problem using two different databases of chest X-ray images: COVID-19 and ChestX-ray8. The proposed CAD system is trained using an annotated training set of 50,490 chest X-ray images.Results: The suspicious regions of COVID-19 from the entire X-ray images are simultaneously detected and classified end-to-end via the proposed CAD predictor achieving overall detection and classification accuracies of 96.31% and 97.40%, respectively. The most testing images of COVID-19 and other lunge diseases are correctly predicted achieving intersection over union (IoU) with their GTs greater than 90%. Applying deep learning regularizers of data balancing and augmentation improve the diagnostic performance by 6.64% and 12.17% in terms of overall accuracy and F1-score, respectively. Meanwhile, the proposed CAD system presents its feasibility to diagnose the individual chest X-ray image within 0.009 second. Thus, the presented CAD system could predict 108 frames/second (FPS) at the real-time of prediction.Conclusion: The proposed deep learning CAD system shows its capability and reliability to achieve promising COVID-19 diagnostic performance among all other lung diseases. The proposed deep learning model seems reliable to assist health care systems, patients, and physicians in their practical validations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of diffuse lung diseases by high resolution computed tomography of chest

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1655
Author(s):  
Poonam Vohra ◽  
Harsumeet S. Sidhu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Diffuse Lung Diseases ◽  
Diffuse Lung

Background: Diffuse lung diseases describe a heterogeneous group of disorders of the lower respiratory tract characterized by inflammation and derangement of the interstitium and loss of functional alveolar units. The disease is not restricted to the interstitium only, as it involves epithelial, endothelial and mesenchymal cells with the disease process extending into the alveoli, acini and bronchioles. Thus, the entire pulmonary parenchyma is involved. The objective of the study was to evaluate diffuse lung diseases by high resolution computed tomography of chest.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was done in 30 patients. Adult patients of either sex of age group 18 and above showing reticular opacities on chest X-ray and those patients who were incidentally diagnosed as cases of diffuse lung diseases on HRCT chest were included in present study.Results: Reticular opacities were the most common roentgenographic finding followed by reticulonodular opacities. On HRCT, intra and interlobular septal thickening was the most common finding in Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (usual interstitial pneumonia).Conclusions: High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is superior to the plain chest X-ray for early detection and confirmation of suspected diffuse lung diseases. In addition, HRCT allows better assessment of the extent and distribution of disease, and it is especially useful in the investigation of patients with a normal chest radiograph. Coexisting disease is often best recognized on HRCT scanning.

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