scholarly journals Effect of Piper Betle Leaf Extracts on Enhancement of Memory and Learning in Rodents

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
pp. 2900-2904
Author(s):  
Roopa Prasad Nayak ◽  
Uttara Krishna ◽  
Chaitra S.R.
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Memory Enhancing

BACKGROUND Medicinal plants have long been used for treating various diseases. Piper betle, an evergreen and perennial plant, is valued for its medicinal properties from ancient times. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of aqueous extract and ethanolic extract of Piper betle leaf on animal models of learning and memory and compare it with piracetam. METHODS Piper betle leaves aqueous extract (PBAE) and ethanolic extract (PBEE) were administered to the Swiss albino mice at a dose of 100, 200 mg/kg body weight orally for 14 days to evaluate their effect on spatial learning and memory using the Hebb– William’s maze (HWM) and elevated plus maze (EPM). The study group included a control (distilled water) and a standard nootropic agent (Piracetam 150 mg/kg). RESULTS One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey Kramer’s multiple comparison test (P = 0.05) were used for comparison of groups and tabulated as mean ± SE. PBEE at a dose of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg has shown significant memory enhancing activity, as indicated by a decrease in the TRC (time taken to reach the reward chamber) and TL (transfer latency) in both the screening tests of learning and memory. CONCLUSIONS PBEE possess potent memory enhancing property and can be considered as a potential drug for improving memory in the medical management of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and neurodegenerative disorders. KEY WORDS Piper betle L, Swiss Albino Mice, Hebb–Williams Maze (HWM), Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), Piracetam.

scholarly journals Preclinical evaluation of antidepressant activity of aqueous extract of Piper betle leaves in Swiss albino mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Uttara Krishna ◽  
Roopa P. Nayak ◽  
Chaitra S. R.
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Force Swim Test ◽  
Indigenous Plants ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Albino Mice

Background: There is a growing demand for alternative medicines derived from indigenous plants having natural antioxidants and neuroprotective actions for the treatment of many behavioural disorders such as anxiety and depression. This study was designed to screen antidepressant activity of aqueous extract of Piper betle L. leaf (betel leaf) in Swiss albino mice.Methods: Swiss albino mice of both sexes weighing 25-30grams were used in the present study. Piper betle leaves aqueous extract (PBAE) was administered to the animals at a dose of 100, 200mg/kg body weight orally for 14 days. On the 14th day, after 1 hour of PBAE administration, experiments on force swim test (FST) and tail suspension (TST) were carried out for studying the level of depression. In FST and TST, time of immobility was noted for a period of 5 minutes.Results: Data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey Kramer’s multiple comparison test at P = 0.05. The results were represented as Mean±SE. PBAE at a dose of 100mg/kg has shown significant antidepressant activity, as evidenced by decrease in the immobility time in both the screening tests of depression.Conclusions: Present results demonstrated that PBAE possess potent antidepressant property. The exact mechanism(s) related to the active compound(s) in Piper betle leaf extract have to be elucidated in future studies.

scholarly journals Attenuation of anxiety on acute administration of aqueous extract of Terminalia belerica fruit pulp in Swiss albino mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Chandrashekar R. ◽  
Manohar V. R. ◽  
Poovizhi Bharathi R. ◽  
Mohandas Rai
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Terminalia Belerica ◽  
Albino Mice

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the attenuation of anxiety on acute administration of aqueous extract of Terminalia belerica fruit pulp (AETBFP) by using elevated plus maze test and dark and light arena models.Methods: Thirty Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups, Group I received vehicle (1% Gum acacia suspension, 3ml/kg, orally), Group II received standard drug Diazepam (1mg/kg, orally) and Group III, IV and V received AETBFP 9, 18 and 36 mg/kg, orally respectively. In elevated plus maze test, the mouse was placed on the central platform facing towards open arm. The percentage of time spent and frequency of entries and number of rears in open arm was counted for a period of 5 min. In dark and light arena, the time spent, number of entries and number of rears in light arena was counted for a period of 5 min. The mean±SEM values were calculated for each group. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnet’s multiple comparison tests; p< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Significant (p<0.05) reduction in anxiety was noted in experimental animals when given at a dose of AETBFP (36mg/kg), where number of entries and duration of stay in open arm and light arena increased in elevated plus maze and light and dark arena respectively when compared with control animals.Conclusions: Our study reveals that AETBFP at a dose of 36mg/kg has significant attenuation of anxiety in Swiss albino mice.

scholarly journals Memory Enhancing Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Delonix regia Leaves against Scopolamine induced Amnesia in Swiss Albino Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwathi Ravichandar ◽  
K.A.S. Mohammed Shafeeq ◽  
S. Karpagam Kumara Sundari ◽  
R. Senthamarai
Keyword(s):  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Memory Enhancing

In traditional system of medicine, various parts of Delonix regia have been used for many ailments. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the memory enhancing activity of Ethanolic Extract of Delonix regia leaves (EEDRL) against scopolamine induced amnesia by using Elevated Plus Maze, Y Maze and Morris Water Maze Models. Ethanolic Extract of Delonix regia was prepared then subjected to phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, carbohydrates, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, phenols and saponins. Acute oral toxicity was performed as per OECD guidelines 423. Based on this, two dose levels of EEDRL were chosen as 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg for pharmacological screening. Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups of six animals each. EEDRL at a dose levels 200 mg/kg & 400 mg/kg showed increase in inflexion ratio in Elevated Plus Maze, increase in Percentage alterations in Y Maze & decrease in Escape latency in Morris Water Maze Model compared to disease control in dose dependent manner which indicates that the EEDRL reverses the scopolamine induced amnesia in mice. The memory enhancing activity in mice might be due to facilitation of cholinergic transmission. Hence it can be concluded that Delonix regia appears to be a promising candidate for improving memory, and it would be worthwhile to explore the potential of this plant in the management of Alzheimer patient.

scholarly journals ANTIANXIETY EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF FRUITS OF LIMONIA ACIDISSIMA IN SWISS ALBINO MICE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 104-117
Author(s):  
Chouhan Vaishali ◽  
Sujane Sandhya ◽  
Bapna Rajendra ◽  
Pyathi Asharani
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Anxiolytic Effect ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Limonia Acidissima

Anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental ailments exhibited by human. It is characterized by motor tension, sympathetic hyperactivity and apprehension and vigilance syndromes. A part from very few chemical remedies available like benzodiazepine and serotonin modulators, not much treatment options are at hand that safely and effectively alleviate anxiety. The ethanol extract of the fruits of plant Limonia acidissima was evaluated for its anti-anxiety activity in swiss albino mice at dose 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight. Anti-anxiety was assessed by using elevated plus maze (EPM) and light and dark model methods. The ethanolic extract exhibit anxiolytic effect in experimental mice. So it is supports the use of Limonia acidissima as anxiolytic agents. Further investigation should be made to elucidate the active constituent of responsible for the activity.

scholarly journals The antianxiety activity of aqueous extract of Withania coagulans fruits in swiss albino mice by elevated plus maze

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1337
Author(s):  
Devesh D. Gosavi ◽  
Amit S. Kamdi ◽  
Suvarna M. Kalambe ◽  
Pankaj N. Bohra
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
P Value ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze Test ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Withania Coagulans ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Albino Mice

Background: Several anti-anxiety drugs used today have the numerous side effects. The Withania coagulans a rare species, is not studied much for its actions on anxiety except in late seventies where it was explored for neuropsychopharmacology. Thus, it was thought commendable to explore the anti-anxiety activities of aqueous extract of Withania coagulans fruits in swiss albino mice using elevated plus maze test.Methods: Elevated plus maze (EPM) test was used for evaluating the anti-anxiety action of Withania coagulans fruits’ aqueous extract. If the extract had anti-anxiety action, then it was expected that the time spent in the open space would increase and that in the closed space would decrease. This increase in time in the open space, if found statistically significant, was considered for antianxiety action.Results: There was statistically highly significant (p value <0.001) association observed between the aqueous extract of Withania coagulans fruits with antianxiety action in the swiss albino mice by elevated plus maze test.Conclusions: The aqueous extract of Withania coagulans fruits did prove the antianxiety effect in the swiss albino mice by elevated plus maze test.

The anxiolytic action of alcoholic excerpt of Withania coagulans fruits in Swiss albino mice by Elevated Plus Maze

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-209
Author(s):  
Amit S Kamdi ◽  
◽  
Devesh D Gosavi ◽  
Suvarna M Kalambe ◽  
Pankaj N Bohra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Withania Coagulans ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Albino Mice

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effect of Green Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Convolvulus Pluricaulis Plant in The Management of Alzheimer’s Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Pravallika Poka ◽  
Krishna Mohan G. ◽  
Venkateswara Rao K. ◽  
Shanker K.
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Convolvulus Pluricaulis

To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of green synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles using aqueous extract of whole plant of Convolvulus pluricaulis (CPIO) in scopolamine induced amnesia model. CPIO were orally tested at the dose of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg for neuroprotective effect in scopolamine induced amnesia mice. In addition, neurobehavioral studies were carried out using elevated plus maze, Morris water maze to evaluate learning and memory in mice in normal and scopolamine induced amnesia mice. CPIO 400 mg/kg showed a significant improvement in learning and memory in the normal and scopolamine induced amnesia mice in exteroceptive models. Significant differences were observed in lipid peroxidation, catalase and acetylcholinesterase by 400 mg/kg of CPIO treated amnesic animals, when compared with untreated and scopolamine group animals. The highest dose of CPIO exhibited significant neuroprotective effect in normal and scopolamine induced amnesia mice. They also showed significant improvement in learning and memory in exteroceptive and interoceptive models and so might be of value in Alzheimer’s treatment.

scholarly journals Memory-Enhancing Activity of Palmatine in Mice Using Elevated Plus Maze and Morris Water Maze

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Dhingra ◽  
Varun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Morris Water Maze ◽  
Water Maze ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Improved Learning ◽  
Memory Enhancing ◽  
Brain Acetylcholinesterase

The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of palmatine on memory of Swiss young male albino mice. Palmatine (0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/kg,i.p.) and physostigmine (0.1 mg/kg,i.p.) per se were administered for 10 successive days to separate groups of mice. Effect of drugs on learning and memory of mice was evaluated using elevated plus maze and Morris water maze. Brain acetylcholinesterase activity was also estimated. Effect of palmatine on scopolamine- and diazepam-induced amnesia was also investigated. Palmatine (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and physostigmine significantly improved learning and memory of mice, as indicated by decrease in transfer latency using elevated plus maze, and decrease in escape latency during training and increase in time spent in target quadrant during retrieval using Morris water maze. The drugs did not show any significant effect on locomotor activity of the mice. Memory-enhancing activity of palmatine (1 mg/kg) was comparable to physostigmine. Palmatine (1 mg/kg) significantly reversed scopolamine- and diazepam-induced amnesia in mice. Palmatine and physostigmine also significantly reduced brain acetylcholinesterase activity of mice. Thus, palmatine showed memory-enhancing activity in mice probably by inhibiting brain acetylcholinesterase activity, through involvement of GABA-benzodiazepine pathway, and due to its antioxidant activity.

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