Role of Triphala Kwatha Gandusha in the management of Aphthous ulcer: A review study

Mukhapaka (Stomatitis) is a common ailment seen in general practice. The Pittaja Mukhapaka (Aphthous ulcer) is fully described in Ayurveda under the term Mukha rogas. Oral ulcers are estimated to impact 4% of the global population, with aphthous ulcers being the most frequent, affecting up to 25% of the global population. Psychological stress, hormonal impacts, dietary sensitivity, and nutritional insufficiency are the primary causes of Pittaja Mukhapaka (Aphthous ulcer). It is a painful and frequently recurring inflammatory disorder of the oral mucosa that can develop as a result of several well-defined disease processes. As a result, Gandusha is described as one of the key therapies in the Ayurvedic system of medicine for both preventing and treating oral cavity illnesses. Triphala (tri means three and phala means fruits) is an Ayurvedic preparation made up of three equal parts of Indian subcontinent herbal fruits: Terminalia belerica, Phyllanthus emblica, and Terminalia chebula. Triphala includes powerful antioxidants as well as other bioactive substances such as flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, amino acids, fatty acids, and different carbohydrates. As a result, it promotes the maintenance and promotion of oral hygiene by exerting a cleansing activity and strengthening the defence mechanism in the oral cavity. An attempt is made in this regard to discuss the role of Triphala Kwatha Gandusha in Pittaja Mukhapaka.

Potentiality of Yellow Oleander (Thevetia Peruviana) Seed Oil as an Alternative Diesel Fuel in Compression Ignition Engines

Biodiesel has been accepted as a clean and an eco-friendly green diesel fuel by the entire world. In India, various non-edible oils have been tested for exploring their suitability as a fuel in diesel engines. In the north eastern states of India, many oil bearing seeds such as Koroch (a variety of Pongamia glabra), Nahar (Mesua ferrea), Terminalia (Terminalia belerica Robx), Kutkura (Meyna spinosa Roxb), Amari (Amoora Wallichii King), Yellow oleander (Thevetia peruviana) and others are found in abundance. In this article, the Yellow oleander seed oil (YOSO) has been investigated for biodiesel production and characterization. The oil content in Yellow oleander seed is found to be 63.87%. The free fatty acid (FFA) content in YOSO is measured, and is found to be 32.0%; hence the two-step acid-base catalysis transesterification process has been adopted for producing biodiesel from the YOSO. YOSO contains 5.03% palmitic, 6.92% stearic, 48.14% oleic and 31.37% linoleic acid. The density, calorific value and kinematic viscosity of Yellow oleander fatty acid methyl ester (YO-FAME) are 879.7 kg/m3, 40.159 MJ/kg and 4.63 mm2/s respectively. Most of the fuel properties of YO-FAME meet ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 biodiesel standards. The YO-FAME exhibits a low sulphur content of 13.0 ppm and a high cetane number of 58.3. Fire point and pour point of YO-FAME were found to be 158°C and 5°C respectively. The physio-chemical properties of YO-FAME has been compared with FAME of Yellow oleander, Ratanjot (Jatropha curcus), Terminalia (Terminalia belerica Robx.) and Nahar (Mesua ferrea).

A review on ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology on Terminalia belerica (Bibhitaki)

Terminalia belerica Roxb. is belonging to family combretaceae, which is growing widely throughout the Indian subcontinent, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri-Lanka, and South East Asia. It is is used in several traditional medicines to cure various diseases. There are different phytoconstituents Glucoside, Tannins, ellagic acid, ethylgallate, gallylglucose, chebulanic acid which are responsible for its wide therapeutic actions. It is mainly used as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiarrhoeal, anticancer, antidiabetic, antihypertensive and hepatoprotective agent. This review article sites the information of different pharmacological activities of Terminalia belerica which may be source for further research studies. Keywords: Phytoconstituents, pharmacologicalactivities, Terminaliabelerica, therapeutic actions.

IN VITRO ANTIUROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF MACERATED AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF TERMINALIA BELERICA BY USING TURBIDITY METHOD

Objective: To evaluate the anti-urolithiatic activity of macerated aqueous extract of Terminalia belerica by using turbidity method Method: The present study was used to study the inhibitory effect of the Terminalia belerica on urinary stone formation. The aim of study was to examine the In vitro antiurolithiatic activity of macerated aqueous extract of T.belerica was to estimate inhibitory activity of aqueous extract on the formation of urinary stone. Cystone was used as a positive control. Anti urolithiatic study was performed by turbidity method. Result: The percentage inhibition shown by aqueous extract at 20μg/ml was 60% and with almost constant inhibition at 100μg/ml and 200μg/ml ranging between 72% and 80%. The percentage inhibition showed by aqueous extract of Terminalia belerica has significant compared to standard drug. Conclusion: In future this drug can be performed in vitro and clinical study beneficial for people with avoiding adverse effect of modern medicinal drugs

"A literature review on “Triphala’s Rasayana Karmukata."

Ayurvedic physicians had formulated the triphala several thousand years back and millions of people used and benefited from this herbal preparation since then. Even today, most medial practitioners consider triphala to be the most effective as well as the safest laxative and colon cleanser found anywhere. Triphala is most popular Ayurvedic herbal formula from India that consists of equal part of three myrobalans, taken without seeds: Amalaki (Emblica officinalis), Bibhitaki (Terminalia Belerica) and Haritaki (Terminalia Chebula), with potential anti-cancer properties and is also effective colon cleanser. In additional triphala also props up the body’s strength. Triphala is a Sanskrit term that literally denotes “three fruits”. The three herbal fruits of triphala endore internal cleansing, reduce conditions of stagnation and excess and perk up digestion and absorption of nutrients. Owing to its superior dietary value, triphala possesses the capability to cleanse as well as detoxify the deepest organic levels without causing any injury or harm to the body or draining its nutritional reverses. In fact, such unique properties of triphala make it one of the most prized herbal preparation worldwide. In India, there is popular adage saying ‘A child needs not to worry even he does not have mother as triphala will take care of his requirements’. This denotes that triphala takes care of the internal body organs, as mother looks after her child. Triphala is considered to be the foundation stone of Ayurvedic medicine and comprises equal proportions of Haritaki (basically stabilizes Vata, however, is tri-doshic), Bibhitaki (provides an equilibrium to kapha nad pitta) and Amalaki (provides poise to pitta nad kapha). In ayurvedic medicine, Amalaki, biologically known as Emblica officinalis, is considered to be a supreme rejuvenator as well as physically potent natural antioxidant. This herbal fruit is also effective in enhancing the immune system and stabilizes the pitta. On the other hand, Haritaki, known as Terminalia Chebula, is regarded as the king of Tibetan medicine. Haritaki is standard tonic or natural stimulator for the heart, brain and longevity, Haritaki fruit is often portrayed in the extended palm of the Buddha and is known to stabilize vata. Bibhitaki, is potent bolster that is effective in lessening heart and liver ailments and also enhance the voice, eyesight, endorse hair growth as well as balance kapha.