scholarly journals FEASIBILITY OF WEIGHTED VEST USE DURING A DIETARY WEIGHT LOSS INTERVENTION AND EFFECTS ON BODY COMPOSITION AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION IN OLDER ADULTS

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
E. NORMANDIN ◽  
D. YOW ◽  
C. CROTTS ◽  
J. KIEL ◽  
K.M. BEAVERS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Dietary Weight Loss ◽  
Weighted Vest

Background: While intentional weight loss in older adults with obesity yields clinically important health benefits there is a need to minimize the negative effects of weight loss on concomitant loss of muscle mass and strength. Data show wearing weighted vests during exercise improves lean mass and lower extremity strength, however the efficacy of wearing a weighted vest during a period of weight loss to mitigate muscle and strength loss is not known. Objectives: This study examined the feasibility of daily weighted vest use during a dietary weight loss intervention, and examined effects of vest use on body composition and physical function in well-functioning older adults with obesity. Design: Randomized, controlled pilot study. Setting: Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center in Winston-Salem, NC. Participants: 37 older (age=65-79 yrs), obese (BMI=30-40 kg/m2) sedentary men and women. Interventions: 22-week behavioral diet intervention (targeting 10% weight loss, 1100-1300 kcals/day) with (Diet+Vest; n=20) or without (Diet; n=17) weighted vest use (goal of 10 hours/day with weight added weekly according to individual loss of body mass). Measurements: Body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and measures of physical function, mobility, and muscle strength/power. Results: Average weighted vest use was 6.7±2.2 hours/day and the vest-wear goal of 10 hrs/day was achieved for 67±22% of total intervention days. Five participants reported adverse events from wearing the vest (all back pain or soreness). Both groups lost a similar amount of weight (Diet= -11.2±4.4 kg; Diet+Vest = -11.0±6.3 kg; p<0.001), with no differences between groups (p=0.25). Fat mass, lean mass, and % body fat decreased significantly (p<0.0001), with no differences between groups. Compared to Diet+Vest, the Diet intervention resulted in greater decreases in leg power (p<0.02), with no other between group differences in physical function. Conclusion: This pilot study showed that vest use during dietary weight loss is feasible and safe in well-functioning older adults with obesity. Larger studies are needed to definitively determine whether external replacement of lost weight during caloric restriction may preserve lower extremity muscle strength and power.

scholarly journals Long-term participation in community group exercise improves lower extremity muscle strength and delays age-related declines in walking speed and physical function in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chisato Hayashi ◽  
Soshiro Ogata ◽  
Tadashi Okano ◽  
Hiromitsu Toyoda ◽  
Sonoe Mashino
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Group Exercise ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle

Abstract Background The effects of group exercise on the physical function of community-dwelling older adults remain unclear. The changes in lower extremity muscle strength, timed up and go (TUG) time, and the motor fitness scale (MFS), over time, among older adults who expressed a willingness to participate in community-based physical exercise groups, were determined using multilevel modelling. Methods We analyzed data of 2407 older adults between April 2010 and December 2019 from the registry of physical tests of community-based physical exercise groups. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the effect of physical exercise on lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores. The durations of the exercises were evaluated by frequency of physical test’s participate. Results A deterioration in lower extremity muscle strength was found in the short-term participant group only. However, in the mid-term and long-term participation groups, lower extremity muscle strength showed a trend of improvement. The TUG time and the MFS score were negatively correlated with increasing age in both groups divided by the duration of participation. However, there was a slower rate of deterioration in the long-term participation group. Discussion Lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores decline with increasing age and there were differences in the slope of deterioration that depended on the duration of participation in community-based group exercise. Conclusion Participation in group exercise improved lower extremity muscle strength, TUG time, and MFS scores of older adults living in a community. The positive effects of group exercise were dependent on long-term participation.

scholarly journals Effect of an 18-month physical activity and weight loss intervention on body composition in overweight and obese older adults

Obesity ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen M. Beavers ◽  
Daniel P. Beavers ◽  
Beverly A. Nesbit ◽  
Walter T. Ambrosius ◽  
Anthony P. Marsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Randomization to a Weight Loss Intervention in Older Adults: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise K. Houston ◽  
Michael E. Miller ◽  
Dalane W. Kitzman ◽  
W. Jack Rejeski ◽  
Stephen P. Messier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Long Term Effects

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a community-delivered pneumatic machine resistance training programme (Gym Tonic) for older adults at neighbourhood senior centres – a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuen Yee Lee ◽  
Alycia Goh ◽  
Ken Tan ◽  
Pei Ling Choo ◽  
Peck Hoon Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle

Abstract Background Resistance training with pneumatic machines attenuates the age-associated loss in muscle strength and function in older adults. However, effectiveness of scaled-up pneumatic machine resistance training in the community is not known. We evaluated the effectiveness of a multi-site community-delivered 12-week pneumatic machine resistance programme (Gym Tonic (GT)) on muscle strength and physical function in older adults. Methods Three hundred eighteen community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years were randomized into 12-week (twice/week) coach-supervised-community-based-GT-programme(n = 168) and wait-list control groups(n = 150). After 12 weeks, the intervention group continued with GT-training and the control group received supervised-GT-programme for further 12 weeks (partial-crossover-design). Fried frailty score, lower-extremity muscle strength and physical function (i.e., fast and habitual gait-speed, balance, repeated-chair-sit-to-stand, short physical performance battery (SPPB)) were determined at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks. Analysis adopted a modified-intention-to-treat-approach. Results After 12 weeks, lower-extremity muscle strength improved by 11–26%(all p < 0.05) and fast gait-speed improved by 7%(p = 0.008) in GT-intervention group(n = 132) than controls(n = 118), regardless of frailty status. Other physical function performance did not differ between control and intervention groups after 12 weeks (all p > 0.05). Frailty score improved by 0.5 in the intervention but not control group(p = 0.004). Within the intervention group, lower-extremity muscle strength and physical function outcomes improved at 24 weeks compared with baseline (all p < 0.001). Within controls, lower-extremity muscle strength, SPPB, repeated-chair-sit-to-stand and fast gait-speed improved post-GT (24-week) compared to both pre-GT (12-week) and baseline. Programme adherence was high in intervention [0–12-weeks,90%(SD,13%); 12–24-weeks,89%(SD,17%)] and control [12–24-weeks,90%(SD,19%)] groups. Conclusion Community-delivered GT resistance training programme with pneumatic machines has high adherence, improves muscle strength and fast gait-speed, and can be effectively implemented at scale for older adults. Future studies could examine if including other multi-modal function-specific training to complement GT can achieve better physical/functional performance in power, balance and endurance tasks. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04661618, Registered 10 December 2020 - Retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Maintaining Weight Loss in Obese Men with Prostate Cancer Following a Supervised Exercise and Nutrition Program—A Pilot Study

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3411
Author(s):  
Rebekah L. Wilson ◽  
Dennis R. Taaffe ◽  
Robert U. Newton ◽  
Nicolas H. Hart ◽  
Philippa Lyons-Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Nutrition Programs ◽  
Maintenance Program ◽  
Home Based

Supervised exercise and nutrition programs can mitigate or reverse androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) induced fat mass (FM) gain, lean mass (LM) loss, and impaired physical function. It is unclear whether these benefits are retained following transition to self-management. This study examined the effect of a home-based weight maintenance program on body composition and physical function in obese men with prostate cancer (PCa) on ADT following a 12-week supervised weight loss intervention. Eleven obese PCa patients (74 ± 5 years, 40.0 ± 4.9% body fat) on ADT (>6 months) completed a 12-week self-managed home-based weight maintenance program consisting of 150 min/week of aerobic and resistance training while maintaining a healthy balanced diet. Body composition (DXA), muscle strength (1RM), and cardiorespiratory fitness (400 m walk) were assessed. Significant reductions in weight (−2.8 ± 3.2 kg) and FM (−2.8 ± 2.6 kg), preservation of LM (−0.05 ± 1.6 kg), and improvements in muscle strength and VO2max were achieved across the supervised intervention. Across the home-based program, no significant changes were observed in weight (−0.6 ± 2.8 kg, p = 0.508), FM (0.2 ± 1.4 kg, p = 0.619), LM (−0.8 ± 1.6 kg, p = 0.146), muscle strength (−0.2 to 4.1%, p = 0.086–0.745), or estimated VO2max (0.3 ± 2.1 mL/min/kg, p = 0.649). Self-managed, home-based exercise and nutrition programs are a viable strategy to promote maintenance of body composition and physical function following a supervised intervention in obese PCa patients on ADT.

scholarly journals The Effects of a Multicomponent Lower Extremity Training Technique on Physical Function in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 233372142093570
Author(s):  
Hungu Jung ◽  
Yumiko Miki ◽  
Ryo Tanaka ◽  
Masahiro Yamasaki
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Functional Reach Test

Objective: We aimed to examine the outcomes of our novel multicomponent lower extremity training (MLT) technique on physical function in older adults. Methods: Participants were randomly divided into a training group (TG) or a control group (CG). The TG (4 men, 14 women) received MLT for 24 weeks, once per week. MLT contains strength, balance, and flexibility components. The CG (5 men, 10 women) did not receive any training for 24 weeks. Nine lower extremity range of motions (ROMs; hip flexion, hip abduction, hip adduction, hip extension, internal and external hip rotations, knee flexion, ankle dorsiflexion, and ankle plantar flexion) and two muscle strength assessments (knee extension and flexion) were collected. Physical performance tests were also performed, including the functional reach test, timed up and go test (TUGT), and five times sit-to-stand test (FTSST). Results: After 24 weeks, significant increases were observed in the TG in all ROMs (with the exception of knee flexion), knee extension strength, and performance in the TUGT and FTSST. Conclusions: MLT significantly improved ROM, muscle strength, and physical performance in healthy older adults. We suggest that it is an efficacious intervention in the maintenance and improvement of mobility and functional independence in healthy older adults. Trial registration: UMIN CTR, UMIN000037463. https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000041955

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