Gender Differences in Research Productivity, Academic Rank, and Career Duration Among U.S. Academic Gastroenterology Faculty: Naomi Nakao Gender-Based Research Award

Objectives: Gender inequity in academic medicine persists despite increases in the number of women physicians. We sought to explore gender differences in research productivity for academic psychiatrists in Canada. Methods: In a cross-sectional study of the 3379 psychiatrists in all 17 university departments of psychiatry in Canada, research productivity, as measured by the h-index and number of publications, was compared between women and men using a negative log binomial regression model to generate relative rates (RRs), adjusted for career duration (aRR). Findings were stratified by academic rank, institution region, and institution size. A subanalysis of those with 10 or more publications was conducted as a proxy for identifying physicians on a research track. Results: Women (43% of the sample) had a lower mean (standard deviation) h-index than men (2.87 [6.49] vs. 5.31 [11.1]; aRR, 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54 to 0.72). Differences were significant only for junior faculty and not for associate and full professors. Comparison by number of publications followed a similar pattern (aRR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.55). Among those with 10 or more publications ( n = 721), differences between men and women were smaller than in the overall cohort for both the h-index (aRR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.87) and number of publications (aRR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.72). Conclusions: Gender differences in research productivity at the national level in academic psychiatry in Canada support a call to adopt a more systematic approach to promoting equitable opportunities for women in research, especially in early career, to improve diversity and enhance future psychiatric research and discovery.

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Gender Differences on Psychosocial Factors Affecting COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13116148 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 6148

Author(s):

Nicolás Bronfman ◽

Paula Repetto ◽

Paola Cordón ◽

Javiera Castañeda ◽

Pamela Cisternas

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Psychosocial Factors ◽

Information Seeking ◽

Attribution Of Responsibility ◽

Preventive Behaviors ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Trust Level ◽

Future Risk ◽

Gender Based

Previous studies have reported differences between men and women in the adoption of preventive behaviors against infectious diseases. This study aims to examine gender differences on a set of psychosocial factors shown to influence preventive behaviors against infectious diseases such as COVID-19. We conducted a web survey (N = 1.004) a few weeks after the end of the peak of the first wave of infections in Chile. The survey assessed participants’ perception of risk and worry about the COVID-19 pandemic, confidence in the government’s competence and integrity in dealing with the crisis, attribution of responsibility to various stakeholders, and adoption of preventive behaviors such as hygiene, distancing, and information-seeking. Our results confirm significant gender-based differences for both the psychosocial factors and the adoption of preventive behaviors. We conclude that women show a higher level of worry and fear of the pandemic and are keener to adopt preventive hygiene and social distancing behaviors. Similarly, participants report a low level of trust in government authorities, with women reporting the lowest trust level. The implications of these findings for the design of future risk communication strategies are discussed.

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Gender differences in academic rank among faculty surgeons at US veterinary schools in 2019

Veterinary Surgery ◽

10.1111/vsu.13440 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 852-859

Author(s):

Michelle A. Giuffrida ◽

Michele A. Steffey ◽

Ingrid M. Balsa ◽

Samantha L. Morello ◽

Amy S. Kapatkin

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Academic Rank

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A Socio-pragmatic Analysis of Taboo Language Using Animal Names in Facebook Messenger in the Jordanian Setting: A Gender-Based Study

Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literature ◽

10.47012/jjmll.13.3.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 411-430

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

University Students ◽

Current Paper ◽

Frequency Of Occurrence ◽

Male And Female ◽

Pragmatic Analysis ◽

Taboo Words ◽

Animal Names ◽

Gender Based ◽

The Way

The current paper aimed to investigate taboo language using animal names in Facebook Messenger in the Jordanian setting based on the context where it appeared. A total of (100) male and female university students answered a questionnaire devised to examine the way how students use taboo language. It was noticed that "pig" recorded the highest frequency of occurrence comprising (11.59) of the total number of the taboo words followed by "dog" and "bitch". Important differences were observed in the frequency and use of taboo words by male (68. 8 %) and female (32.2%) students. The study explained the reasons why such words were deemed taboo in the Jordanian setting taking into consideration the socio-cultural and religious norms of the society. The study also concluded that taboo language was used to express different themes such as humor, relaxation, anger and abuse. Keywords: Taboo Language, Gender Differences, Themes, Socio-Pragmatic, Facebook Messenger.

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Gender Differences in Academic Rank and NIH Funding among Academic Maternal–Fetal Medicine Physicians in the United States

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1675332 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (05) ◽

pp. 443-448

Author(s):

Jeffrey Sperling ◽

Rachel Shulman ◽

Cinthia Blat ◽

Edward Miller ◽

Jolene Kokroko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Web Sites ◽

The United States ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Academic Rank ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Maternal Fetal Medicine ◽

Fetal Medicine ◽

Number Of Publications ◽

Nih Funding

Objective This article evaluates gender differences in academic rank and National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding among academic maternal–fetal medicine (MFM) physicians. Study Design This was a cross-sectional study of board-certified academic MFM physicians. Physicians were identified in July 2017 from the MFM fellowship Web sites. Academic rank and receipt of any NIH funding were compared by gender. Data on potential confounders were collected, including years since board certification, region of practice, additional degrees, number of publications, and h-index. Results We identified 659 MFM physicians at 72 institutions, 312 (47.3%) male and 347 (52.7%) female. There were 246 (37.3%) full, 163 (24.7%) associate, and 250 (37.9%) assistant professors. Among the 154 (23.4%) MFM physicians with NIH funding, 89 (57.8%) were male and 65 (42.2%) were female (p = 0.003). Adjusting for potential confounders, male MFM physicians were twice as likely to hold a higher academic rank than female MFM physicians (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.04 [95% confidence interval, 1.39–2.94], p < 0.001). There was no difference in NIH funding between male and female MFM physicians (aOR, 1.23 [0.79–1.92], p = 0.36). Conclusion Compared with female academic MFM physicians, male academic MFM physicians were twice as likely to hold a higher academic rank but were no more likely to receive NIH funding.

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Gender-based perception of civil engineering and construction students towards infrastructure and community resilience

International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment ◽

10.1108/ijdrbe-03-2021-0030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Saeed Rokooei ◽

Farshid Vahedifard ◽

Solomon Belay

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Natural Hazards ◽

Evaluation Model ◽

Community Resilience ◽

Female Students ◽

Content Type ◽

The Status ◽

The Usa ◽

Gender Based ◽

Civil Engineers

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of gender differences in the perception of civil engineers and construction (CEC) students toward resilience to natural hazards and extreme events in a changing climate. This study also explores to what extent CEC students perceive the status of the US infrastructure systems similar to an external evaluation model (i.e. American Society of Civil Engineers Infrastructure Report Card). Design/methodology/approach An empirical study was conducted to examine the perception of resilience among 103 females and 279 male CEC students from 15 universities across the USA. The obtained data were quantified, and different statistical methods were used to explore the similarities and differences in the gender group responses. Findings The results indicated a significant mean difference (disagreement) between male and female groups in the importance of community resilience, management and handling of natural hazards. In addition, while there was no meaningful difference between female and male students in their content knowledge, female students showed a more accurate perception about impacting factors involved. Originality/value The findings of this study offer new insight into the impacts of gender differences in the perception of resilience, which can be used to enhance the educational experience of CEC female students in areas related to community and infrastructure resilience.

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