scholarly journals Bradykinin and angiotensin-converting enzyme in serum of patients with diabetic retinopathy and the prognosis of diabetic macular edema development (pilot study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
V. V. Neroev ◽  
N. B. Chesnokova ◽  
O. A. Kost ◽  
T. D. Okhotsimskaya ◽  
T. A. Pavlenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Diabetes Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ace Activity

BACKGROUND. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a microvascular complication of diabetic retinopathy. One of the key roles in the pathogenesis of DME may belong to the components of rennin-angiotensin and kallikrein-kinin systems: bradykinin (Bk) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE).PURPOSE. To determine the Bk and ACE concentration and ACE activity in serum of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and to estimate the significance of these parameters for the early diagnostic and prognosis of DMO.MATERIALS AND METHODS. Serum was collected from the 2 groups of patients with II type diabetes. Group I (n=9) had DME, group II (n=27) had PDR without DME. Control group (n=14) consisted of adult volonteers without diabetes and ophthalmic diseases. Concentration of Bk and ACE was measured using ELISA kits, ACE activity was determined enzymatically with specific fluorogenic substrate.RESULTS. Concentration of Bk in serum of patients without DME did not differ from one in controls (12,00 (9,70; 12,40) pg/ml) while all patients with DME had Bk level of 14,69 (13,68; 16,78) pg/ml that was significantly higher (p<0,01). In patients without DME ACE concentration (88,60 (77,30; 97,45) ng/ml) and ACE activity (6,8 (5,1;7,1) nmol/min·ml) were higher than normal (p<0,01) while in the case of DME concentration of ACE increased (77,36 (70,24; 86,29 ng/ml, p<0,01) and activity remained normal. The Bk/ACE concentrations ratio decreased in patients without DME and increased in those having DME.CONCLUSION. Patients with DME have increased Bk concentration along with nearly normal ACE concentration that indicate predominance of Bk synthesis over its degradation that may lead to the DME development. The Bk/ACE ratio decrease in patients with uncomplicated PDR and increase significantly in ones with DME. It means that determination of Bk in serum of patients with PDR may be used for the prediction of DME development. The Bk/ACE concentrations ratio may be even more informative.

scholarly journals The potential role of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme in coronavirus disease 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhu ◽  
Ting Cai ◽  
Lingyan Fan ◽  
Kehong Lou ◽  
Xin Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Serum Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Ace Activity

Abstract Background To explore the clinical significance of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods In this retrospective study, a total of 136 consecutive patients with confirmed COVID-19 were recruited. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. The serum ACE activity was measured at baseline and during the recovery phase, and its relationship with clinical condition was analyzed. Results Of the 136 patients with confirmed COVID-19, the 16 severe patients were older and had a higher body mass index (BMI) and proportion of hypertension than the 120 nonsevere patients. In comparison to those of normal controls, the baseline serum ACE activities of subjects in the severe group and nonsevere group were decreased, with the lowest level in the severe group. However, the serum ACE activity increased in the recovery phase, and there were no significant differences among the severe group, nonsevere group and normal control group. Conclusion Serum ACE activity could be used as a marker to reflect the clinical condition of COVID-19 since low activity was associated with the severity of COVID-19 at baseline, and the activity increased with the remission of the disease.

scholarly journals The potential role of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme in coronavirus disease 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhu ◽  
Ting Cai ◽  
Lingyan Fan ◽  
Kehong Lou ◽  
Xin Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Serum Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Ace Activity

Abstract Background To explore the clinical significance of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods In this retrospective study, a total of 136 consecutive patients with confirmed COVID-19 were recruited. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. The serum ACE activity was measured at baseline and during the recovery phase, and its relationship with clinical condition was analyzed.Results Of the 136 patients with confirmed COVID-19, the 16 severe patients were older and had a higher body mass index (BMI) and proportion of hypertension than the 120 nonsevere patients. In comparison to those of normal controls, the baseline serum ACE activities of subjects in the severe group and nonsevere group were decreased, with the lowest level in the severe group. However, the serum ACE activity increased in the recovery phase, and there were no significant differences among the severe group, nonsevere group and normal control group.Conclusion Serum ACE activity could be used as a marker to reflect the clinical condition of COVID-19 since low activity was associated with the severity of COVID-19 at baseline, and the activity increased with the remission of the disease.

scholarly journals CHOROIDAL THICKNESS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-37
Author(s):  
Amash Aqil ◽  
Muhammad Moin ◽  
Khadijah Abid ◽  
Ahsan Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Macular Thickness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Central Macular Thickness ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To evaluate central macular thickness and choroidal thickness in patients with macular edema due to diabetic retinopathy versus controls. Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Ophthalmology, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, from Jan to Jul 2018. Methodology: A retrospective data of 100 eyes from 50 patients having with diabetic macular edema associated with diabetic retinopathy was extracted from hospital registry. Additionally, 100 eyes of 50 individuals without any preexisting ocular conditions, comprising a control group was included in the study. Choroidal thickness measurements were made from the posterior edge of the retinal pigment epithelium to the choroid/sclera junction at subfoveal level using optical coherence tomography. Central macular thickness was also measured for all the enrolled patients. Results: One hundred patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in our study. The mean age was 56.27 ± 14.41 years. The mean Central macular thickness of all the patients were reported as 270.49 ± 72.38 μm, while the choroidal thickness was 284.89 ± 96.51 μm. There was statistically significant difference in central macular thickness between both healthy and diabetic retinopathy with diabetic macular edema groups (p=0.001), whereas insignificant difference existed between the two groups forchoroidal thickness (p=0.735). Conclusion: In patients with diabetic macular edema no significant change in choroidal thickness was observed compared with healthy controls, while the thickness of the retina was high in patients with macular edema due to diabetes.

scholarly journals The potential role of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme in coronavirus disease 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhu ◽  
Ting Cai ◽  
Lingyan Fan ◽  
Kehong Lou ◽  
Xin Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Serum Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Ace Activity

Abstract Objective To explore the clinical significance of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods In this retrospective study, a total of 136 consecutive patients with confirmed COVID-19 were recruited. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. The serum ACE activity was measured at baseline and during the recovery phase, and its relationship with clinical condition was analyzed.Results Of the 136 patients with confirmed COVID-19, the 16 severe patients were older and had a higher body mass index (BMI) and proportion of hypertension than the 120 nonsevere patients. In comparison to those of normal controls, the baseline serum ACE activities of subjects in the severe group and nonsevere group were decreased, with the lowest level in the severe group. However, the serum ACE activity increased in the recovery phase, and there were no significant differences among the severe group, nonsevere group and normal control group.Conclusion Serum ACE activity could be used as a marker to reflect the clinical condition of COVID-19 since low activity was associated with the severity of COVID-19 at baseline, and the activity increased with the remission of the disease.

scholarly journals Distribution of DD Genotype of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene and Its Correlation with Diabetic Retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Ali-Bahar ◽  
Maysam Mard-Soltani ◽  
Yousef Paridar ◽  
Zahra Nasirbaghban ◽  
Zahra Sadat Hashemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Ace Gene ◽  
And Control

Background: One of the major microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic retinopathy (DR). Studies have shown that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms are correlated with DR progression. Accordingly, the elucidation of the association between ACE gene polymorphism and the risk of DR development seems to be highly crucial. Methods: In this study, 195 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were classified as the case group with retinopathy (99 people) and control group without retinopathy (96 people). Screening for DR was performed by ophthalmologists using clinical examination and fluorescein angiography. Different ACE genotypes (II, ID, and DD) were identified by the collection of blood samples, extraction of DNA, and PCR amplification using specific primers. Results: The frequency distribution of genotypes was significantly different between the case and control groups (P = 0.009). Interestingly, possessing a DD genotype made diabetic patients approximately 2.5 folds (95% CI = 1.271 - 4.840, P = 0.007) and 3.25 folds (95% CI = 1.312 - 8.051, P = 0.01) more susceptible to DR when compared to having DI and II genotypes, respectively. Moreover, having a D allele made diabetic individuals nearly 1.75 folds (95% CI = 1.167 - 2.623, P = 0.007) more susceptible to DR than possessing an I allele. Conclusions: Our results potentiate the hypothesis that the DD genotype and D allele of the ACE gene might play a role in the pathogenesis of DR.

scholarly journals Tissue Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme in Patients With Various Clinical Forms of Psoriasis

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasminko Huskić ◽  
Faruk Alendar
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Clinical Forms ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Erythrodermic Psoriasis ◽  
Ace Activity ◽  
Tissue Angiotensin

Tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was measured in 60 patients with psoriasis and in 20 healthy individuals. According to clinical forms of psoriasis, patients were further divided into three groups: psoriasis with solitary lesions (n=20), psoriasis with multiple disseminated lesions (n=20) and erythrodermic psoriasis (n=20). The tissue ACE activity was determined before and after therapy, by the spectrophotometric method using hippuryl-l-his-tidyl-l-leucine as a substrate. The enzyme activity is expressed in units: 1 U corresponds to 1 nmol of hippuric acid released by hydrolysis of hippuryl-l-histidyl-l-leucine per minute and 50 mg of the tissue. Before therapy, tissue ACE activity was significantly increased in patients with psoriasis (4,14±0,34; X±SEM) in comparison to healthy individuals (1,86±0,16). The greatest increase in tissue ACE activity was observed in patients with erythrodermic psoriasis (4,72±0,65), followed by those with multiple disseminated lesions (4,24±0,63) and solitary psoriatic lesions (3,47±0,48). After therapy, serum ACE activity was significantly decreased in all clinical forms of the disease. Determination of tissue ACE activity might be a good nonspecific parameter for assessment therapeutic effects.

scholarly journals Incidence of diabetic eye disease in accordance with duration, glycemic control, blood and ocular pressure

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 353-358
Author(s):  
Vladimir Canadanovic ◽  
Sandra Jovanovic ◽  
Sofija Davidovic ◽  
Ana Oros ◽  
Vladislav Dzinic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Group I

Introduction. Diabetic retinopathy remains the leading cause of visual disability and blindness among professionally active adults in economically developed societies, which is of particular concern because the prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus is expected to increase sharply during the next decade. There are several known factors responsible for the development of diabetic retinopathy, duration of disease and blood sugar level being the most important ones. Material and Methods. Prospective study of 280 diabetic patients (diabetes mellitus type 2) divided into 3 groups according to the duration of diabetes mellitus. All diabetic patients underwent complete ophthalmological examination in artificial mydriasis and optic coherence tomography. A full medical history included patient age, the time elapsed from diabetes diagnosis, current treatment of diabetes, presence of hypertension and glycemic control assessed by glycosylated hemoglobin measurement. Results. The mean age of patients was 63.5 years (SD?6.5, range 57-70 years). Mean duration of diabetes was 7.3 years in group I, 12.4 years in group II and 17.2 years in group III. The average value of glycosylated hemoglobin was 6.58% in the group I, 7.64% in the group II and 8.29% in the third group of patients. No statistically significant difference in intraocular pressure and the level of blood pressure were found among groups. Cataract was present in 104 patients (37.1%). Complications related to diabetes among all patients included in our study were: nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy in 48.5%, proliferative diabetic retinopathy in 25.7% and diabetic macular edema in 22.5% of patients. Conclusion. The duration of diabetes is one of the most significant factors for the development of diabetic maculopathy and the progression from nonproliferative to its proliferative stage. There is significantly higher incidence of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema in patients with increased serum level of glycosylated hemoglobin. Diabetes accompanied by hypertension is related to worsening of the clinical course of diabetic eye diseases and developing diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

scholarly journals Variation of Concentrations of Angiotensin II, AngiotensinConverting Enzyme and Matrix Metalloprotease-9 in Tears and Serum of Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-778
Author(s):  
V. V. Neroev ◽  
N. B. Chesnokova ◽  
T. A. Pavlenko ◽  
T. D. Okhotsimskaya ◽  
O. V. Beznos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Matrix Metalloprotease ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is becoming more and more widespread disease. Investigation of local changes of metabolic pathways in the eye improves our knowledge about diabetic retinopathy pathogenesis and provide perspective for the development of new pathogenetically based and individually focused therapy of this disease.Purpose of the study was to determine the concentrations of angiotensin II (AII), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9) in tears and serum of patients with diabetic retinopathy, estimate their significance for the evaluation of diabetic retinopathy severity and choice of treatment.Patients and methods. Tear and serum samples from 31 patients with diabetic retinopathy were analysed. Control group consisted of healthy volunteers of the same sex and age. Concentrations of angiotensin II, angiotensin-converting enzyme and matrix metalloprotease-9 were measured using the ELISA kits.Results: in controls angiotensin II concentration was 9.8 ± 5.5 pg/ml, in tears — 11.8 ± 6.6 pg/ml, angiotensin-converting enzyme concentration in serum was 82.6 ± 10.9 ng/ml, in tears it was 40 times lower: 2.5 ± 0.5 ng/ml, matrix metalloprotease-9 concentration in serum was 186.3 ± 8.9 ng/ml while in tears it was 100 times lower: 2.0 ± 0.9 ng/ml. In tears of patients with diabetic retinopathy levels of all 3 substances were significantly higher than in controls. Concentration of angiotensin II was 8 times higher, angiotensin-converting enzyme concentration 5 times higher and matrix metalloprotease-9 level 3 times higher. In serum angiotensin II concentration was increased 9 times, angiotensin-converting enzyme — 2 times. No difference in serum matrix metalloprotease-9 levels was observed. Thus diabetic retinopathy cause a significant activation of local and systemic rennin-angiotensin system. Local changes are more marked than systemic. Estimation of angiotensin II, angiotensin-converting enzyme and matrix metalloprotease-9 concentrations in tears can serve as an objective test for the diabetic retinopathy diagnostic and a pathogenetic rationale for the development of a new method of therapy — topical use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. 

scholarly journals Levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 1 and 2 in serum and urine of children with Sickle Cell Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Chi Hsien ◽  
Dulce Elena Casarini ◽  
João Tomas de Abreu Carvalhaes ◽  
Fernanda Aparecida Ronchi ◽  
Lilian Caroline Gonçalves de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ace Activity

Abstract Introduction: Sickle cell nephropathy begins in childhood and presents early increases in glomerular filtration, which, over the long term, can lead to chronic renal failure. Several diseases have increased circulating and urinary angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, but there is little information about changes in ACEs activity in children with sickle cell disease (SCD). Objective: We examined circulating and urinary ACE 1 activity in children with SCD. Methods: This cross-sectional study compared children who were carriers of SCD with children who comprised a control group (CG). Serum and urinary activities of ACE were evaluated, as were biochemical factors, urinary album/creatinine rates, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Results: Urinary ACE activity was significantly higher in patients with SCD than in healthy children (median 0.01; range 0.00-0.07 vs median 0.00; range 0.00-0.01 mU/mL·creatinine, p < 0.001. No significant difference in serum ACE activities between the SCD and CG groups was observed (median 32.25; range 16.2-59.3 vs median 40.9; range 18.0-53.4) mU/m`L·creatinine, p < 0.05. Conclusion: Our data revealed a high urinary ACE 1 activity, different than plasmatic level, in SCD patients suggesting a dissociation between the intrarenal and systemic RAAS. The increase of urinary ACE 1 activity in SCD patients suggests higher levels of Ang II with a predominance of classical RAAS axis, that can induce kidney damage.

scholarly journals The effect of intravitreally administered angiogenesis inhibitor on the concentration of angiotensin-converting enzyme in the blood serum and lacrimal fluid in patients with diabetic macular edema

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Neroev ◽  
Natalia B. Chesnokova ◽  
Tatiana D. Okhotsimskaya ◽  
Marina V. Ryabina ◽  
Victoria. A. Fadeeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Lacrimal Fluid ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the more serious complications of diabetes and the main cause of blindness among working-age individuals. In recent years, information has emerged on the possible role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the pathogenesis of DR, and DRs possible connection with the system of pro-angiogenic factors. AIM: To study the impact of anti-angiogenic therapy on systemic and local concentrations of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a key component of RAS, for patients with diabetic macular edema (DME). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The concentration of ACE in the lacrimal fluid and blood serum in 10 patients (20 eyes) with DME was determined before and after intravitreal injection (IVI) of ranibizumab. The comparison group consisted of 7 patients (14 eyes) with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The control group consisted of 10 healthy individuals (20 eyes). All groups were comparable in age and sex. The concentration of ACE was determined by enzyme immunoassay. The main group was examined four times: before IVI of ranibizumab, and then one week, two weeks and one month after IVI of ranibizumab. The comparison group was examined before, and then one week after, IVI of ranibizumab. RESULTS: In patients with DME, there was an initial 1.8-fold increase in the concentration of ACE in the lacrimal fluid of both eyes. A week after IVI of ranibizumab, the concentration of ACE in the lacrimal fluid began to decrease, reaching the control level after two weeks, and remaining there one month after IVI of ranibizumab. Initially, the concentration of ACE in the blood serum in patients with DME was 2.2 times lower than the control level. After IVI of ranibizumab there was an increase in the concentration of ACE in the blood serum, but by the end of the observation, the indicators continued to remain well below the control level. In patients with AMD, the initial concentration of ACE in the lacrimal fluids was not elevated; the concentration of ACE in the lacrimal fluids decreased 1.4 times one week after IVI of ranibizumab. The concentration of ACE in the blood serum of the patients with AMD was initially 25% lower than the control level, and essentially did not change after IVI of ranibizumab. СONCLUSIONS: Changes in the concentration of ACE in patients with DME may be a new prognostic criterion for the development of DME for patients with diabetes. These changes in the concentration of ACE, in the context of antiangiogenic therapy, indicate an interaction between the renin-angiotensin and angiogenic systems. Similar changes that were observed after IVI of ranibizumab in patients with AMD confirm the mutual influence of these two systems. The data presented in this study open up prospects for finding new pathways of pathogenic therapy for diabetic macular edema and diabetes.

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