scholarly journals Estudio Clínico y Epidemiológico de Cáncer de Próstata en el Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga de Cuenca - Ecuador, 2010 - 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
María Paz Orellana Jara ◽  
Juana Carolina Cordero Garate ◽  
Galo Rubén Duque Proaño
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
The Media ◽  
Total Psa

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is the fifth most common neoplasms worldwide and the second in man. In Cuenca, according to the sixth epidemiology of cancer, it is the second cause of death in males. METHODS: Observational descriptive study the sample was for convenience, made up with 315 patients with positive biopsy. The established variables were: Signs and symptoms, histopathological type, total prostate specific antigen (PSA) measure, risk factors, Gleason score, differentiation grade and clinical staging. The media and median were obtained as the crossing of variables using Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient. The software used was STATA 12 version. RESULTS: The most common symptoms were urinary frequency (56.2 %) and dysuria (36.8 %). 312 patients presented adenocarcinoma as histopathology type. The total PSA had a median of 4.4 ng/ml and a media of 34 ng/ml. The media of age was 69 years old. 141 patients presented hypertension. About the Gleason Grading system most of people were moderately differentiated (43.6 %). 67 % of cases were diagnosed during stages I and II. The Rho correlation coefficient was 0.44 between clinical stage and Gleason score; it was of 0.36 between PSA and clinical stage. CONCLUSIONS: It was found a moderately positive association between clinical stage and Gleason score. There is no minimal measure of total PSA that could assure us there is no risk of prostate cancer. More prospective studies are needed in order to find the relation between prostate cancer and risk factors.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Plasma Circulating Cell Free DNA Concentration and Integrity in Patients with Prostate Cancer in Jamaica: A Preliminary Study

Diseases ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Andrew Condappa ◽  
Donovan McGrowder ◽  
William Aiken ◽  
Wayne McLaughlin ◽  
Maxine Gossell-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Total Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarker ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Free Circulating Dna ◽  
Total Psa

Background: Cell free circulating DNA (cfcDNA) is a promising diagnostic tool for prostate cancer (PCa). This study aimed to measure the cfcDNA concentration and integrity in PCa patients using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis. This study also assessed the correlation between these molecular biomarkers with total prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Gleason score, prostate volume, and age. Methods: Eleven PCa patients and 9 persons with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were recruited. Blood samples were collected before prostate biopsy and plasma quantified by qPCR amplification of the ALU 115 DNA sequence, with the ratio of ALU 247 to ALU 115 reflecting cfcDNA integrity. Results: There were no significant differences in median, interquartile range (IQR) cfcDNA concentration or cfcDNA integrity between the patients with PCa (47.9 (214.93) ng/mL; 0.61 (0.49)) and persons with BPH (41.5 (55.13) ng/mL, p = 0.382; 0.67 (0.45), p = 0.342). A weakly positive correlation exists between cfcDNA concentration and total PSA (r = 0.200, p = 0.555) but not with age or Gleason score in PCa patients. Conclusion: cfcDNA concentration was relatively nonsignificantly higher in PCa patients in comparison to persons with BPH, whereas cfcDNA integrity was similar in both groups. Though limited in sample size, this study shows that cfcDNA concentration may be a potentially valuable noninvasive biomarker for the diagnosis of PCa.

Agent orange as a risk factor for positive prostate biopsy.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 178-178
Author(s):  
N. J. Ansbaugh ◽  
J. Shannon ◽  
M. Mori ◽  
P. E. Farris ◽  
L. Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Agent Orange ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Pathology Report ◽  
Cancer Multiple

178 Background: Agent Orange (AO), a defoliate contaminated with the known carcinogen dioxin, has become a prominent concern as veterans of the Vietnam War who were exposed to AO are now reaching the age at which prostate cancer is most prevalent. While sufficient evidence has linked AO exposure to many diseases, only limited but suggestive evidence exists to support a positive association between AO and prostate cancer. Despite mixed findings, recent studies have found that the risk of prostate cancer in those exposed to AO was as high as twice the risk in those not exposed. The goal of this study was to examine this association between AO exposure and prostate cancer in a cohort of men referred for a prostate biopsy. Methods: In this retrospective cohort-design, risk factors were identified using historical clinical data from a population of veterans referred to the Portland VA Hospital for a prostate biopsy between 1993 and 2010. In addition to AO exposure, covariates included prostate specific antigen density (PSAD), results of the digital rectal exam (DRE), age at biopsy, family history, body mass index (BMI), race, and medication use. Outcomes of the biopsies were defined as either positive or negative according to the pathology report and risk factors were compared between individuals found to have prostate cancer and those without cancer. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the effect of AO on risk of prostate cancer after adjustment for confounders. Results: Of the 2,720 veterans who underwent prostate biopsy, 896 (32.9%) were found to have prostate cancer. After adjustment for significant confounders including PSAD, DRE, age at biopsy, and family history of prostate cancer, veterans with prostate cancer were 49% more likely to have been exposed to AO as compared to those without prostate cancer (odds ratio = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.06-2.11, p=0.022). Conclusions: Agent Orange exposure was associated with a significant increase in prostate cancer detection in men referred for a prostate biopsy. The limitations in identifying biologically significant levels of AO exposure in this study may suggest potential for underestimation of the true risk. This study supports the findings of recent studies suggesting that AO exposure increases the risk of prostate cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Association of ARV7 expression with molecular and clinical characteristics in prostate cancer.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 109-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himanshu Joshi ◽  
Jacek K. Pinski
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Custom Made

109 Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in men over the age of 60 and the second leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States. Clinicopathological parameters such as Gleason score, tumor volume, surgical margins, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Ki-67 index and clinical stage are used as prognostic markers for clinical outcomes. Identification of novel molecular markers could improve our understanding of the clinical behavior of this disease. Androgen receptor isoforms, in particular variant 7 (ARV7 or AR3) have been recently studied for elucidating their potential role in PC progression, associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), disease aggressiveness, increased proliferation and therapeutic resistance. Our study is analyzing the association of ARV7 mRNA expression to clinical characteristics and is analyzing the genomic data to identify differentially altered genes by ARV expression status, summarized as a potential functional network. Methods: We obtained the TCGA public dataset of prostate adenocarcinoma tumors (N=499) that included the clinical data, gene and isoform expression and mutation data. Cases were categorized into ARV7 over-expressing (ARV+) and normal or low expression (ARV –/N) by using a cut-off of upper 25th percentile of the background genomic expression. Analysis was performed in R and Perl by using custom-made scripts. Differentially altered genes and pathways were identified and were summarized as potential functional networks. Results: We categorized 30 out of the 499 tumors as ARV+. ARV7 over-expression was found to be significantly associated with older age at diagnosis (>70), advanced clinical stage, nodal involvement, high Gleason score and a poor therapeutic response. We also observed a trend towards shorter disease-free survival among ARV+ tumors. In addition, ARV+ tumors showed significantly higher number of mutations in 20 key regulatory pathways including Jak-STAT signaling, homologous recombination, ErbB and Wnt signaling pathways. Conclusions: ARV7 overexpression is associated with genomic alterations in key regulatory pathways and poorer clinical outcome in PC patients.

Pretreatment Nomogram for Prostate-Specific Antigen Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy or External-Beam Radiation Therapy for Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony V. D'Amico ◽  
Richard Whittington ◽  
S. Bruce Malkowicz ◽  
Julie Fondurulia ◽  
Ming-Hui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
External Beam Radiation Therapy ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Psa Failure ◽  
Biopsy Gleason Score

PURPOSE: To present nomograms providing estimates of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure–free survival after radical prostatectomy (RP) or external-beam radiation therapy (RT) for men diagnosed during the PSA era with clinically localized disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A Cox regression multivariable analysis was used to determine the prognostic significance of the pretreatment PSA level, 1992 American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) clinical stage, and biopsy Gleason score in predicting the time to posttherapy PSA failure in 1,654 men with T1c,2 prostate cancer managed with either RP or RT. RESULTS: Pretherapy PSA, AJCC clinical stage, and biopsy Gleason score were independent predictors (P < .0001) of time to posttherapy PSA failure in patients managed with either RP or RT. Two-year PSA failure rates derived from the Cox regression model and bootstrap estimates of the 95% confidence intervals are presented in the format of a nomogram stratified by the pretreatment PSA, AJCC clinical stage, biopsy Gleason score, and local treatment modality. CONCLUSION: Men at high risk (> 50%) for early (≤ 2 years) PSA failure could be identified on the basis of the type of local therapy received and the clinical information obtained as part of the routine work-up for localized prostate cancer. Selection of these men for trials evaluating adjuvant systemic and improved local therapies may be justified.

Critical analysis of the ability of the endorectal coil magnetic resonance imaging scan to predict pathologic stage, margin status, and postoperative prostate-specific antigen failure in patients with clinically organ-confined prostate cancer.

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1770-1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
A V D'Amico ◽  
R Whittington ◽  
S B Malkowicz ◽  
D Schultz ◽  
M Schnall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Endorectal Coil ◽  
Psa Failure ◽  
Biopsy Gleason Score

PURPOSE To determine whether there is a role for endorectal coil magnetic resonance imaging (erMRI) in the prediction of pathologic stage, margin status, and/or postoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure in patients with clinically organ-confined prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using erMRI, the radiologic-pathologic correlation of extracapsular extension (ECE) and seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) was evaluated in 445 surgically managed patients. Logistic regression multivariable analysis was applied to the clinical stage, PSA, biopsy Gleason grade, and erMRI findings to assess the outcomes of ECE, SVI, positive surgical margins (PSM), and postoperative PSA failure. RESULTS The accuracy of erMRI to predict for ECE and SVI numerically decreased with both increasing PSA and biopsy Gleason score because of the increasing false-negative scans in cases of microscopic transcapsular or seminal vesicle disease. Of patients who could not be categorized into low or high risk for postoperative PSA failure on the basis of clinical stage, preoperative PSA, and biopsy Gleason score, a negative or positive erMRI for ECE or SVI stratified these patients into groups with a 78% versus 21% (P < .0001) 3-year rate of actuarial freedom from PSA failure. In this subgroup, the overall accuracy of the erMRI was 70% +/- 6% and 94% +/- 2% for ECE and SVI, respectively. The most significant predictor on multivariable analysis of PSM was the erMRI finding of ECE (P = .0001). CONCLUSION This initial report suggests that a preoperative erMRI can identify clinically organ-confined prostate cancer patients at high risk for having ECE, SVI, and PSM that otherwise would be missed on the basis of the clinical stage, preoperative PSA, and biopsy Gleason score. Confirmatory studies are needed.

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