scholarly journals Comprehending testing of distributed embedded systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.7) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Kilaru ◽  
Dr K RajaSekhara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Distributed System ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Elementary Level ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Final Test ◽  
Distributed Embedded Systems ◽  
Communication Interface

It has been stated in the literature thata test case that needs to be used for testing a distributed embedded system be decomposed into elementary level test cases that can be tested at different computing locations of the system as conducting testing considering entire distributed system is complex as the reliability of testing depends on the environment setting made at each of the location and also the complexity of the communication interface established at each of the distributed location. There should be strategy for conducting testing at each of the locations and comprehend the results to provide wholesome working position of entire distributed embedded systems.In this paper, a strategy has been presented that explain how the testing can be undertaken at individual locations using different test methods and how the results are joined such that the final test results reflects the state of testing a distributed embedded system. 

Test Case Generating for Integrated Modular Avionics Software Health Monitoring

2014 ◽  
Vol 494-495 ◽  
pp. 873-880
Author(s):  
Hui Nan Zhang ◽  
Shi Hai Wang ◽  
Xiao Xu Diao ◽  
Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Test Methodology ◽  
Maintenance And Inspection ◽  
Integrated Modular Avionics

Avionics software is safe-critical embedded system and its architecture is evolving from traditional federated architecture to Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) to improve resource usability. As an architecture widely employed in the avionics industry, supports partitioning concepts. To insure the development of the avionics software constructed on IMA operating system with high reliability and efficiency Health Monitoring (HM) has been shown to be a key step in reducing the life cycle costs for structural maintenance and inspection. In this paper , we propose a model-driven test methodology using Architecture Analysis &Design Language (AADL). It proposes modeling patterns of IMA errors to support the test case generating mechanisms of the HM module, proposing 3 kinds of test cases that can be injected in the HM to stimulate these kinds of errors, and we present the preliminary results that can meet the satisfactory from a ongoing project based on IMA system.

Image-Based Approach to Determining Regression Test Results of Dynamic Web Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (07) ◽  
pp. 1001-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Hori ◽  
Shingo Takada ◽  
Toshiyuki Kurabayashi ◽  
Haruto Tanno
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Regression Testing ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Test Execution ◽  
Dynamic Web ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Post Modification

Much work has been done on automating regression testing for applications. But most of them focus on test execution. Little work has been done on automatically determining if a test case passes or fails. This decision is often made by comparing the results of executing test cases on a base version of the application and post-modification version of the application. If the two results match, the test case passes, otherwise fails. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no regression testing method for automatically deciding pass/fail of dynamic Web applications which use JavaScript or CSS. We propose a method that automatically decides if a dynamic Web application passes a regression test case. The basic idea is to obtain a screenshot each time the GUI of the Web application (i.e. Web page) changes its state, and then compare each corresponding screenshot to see if they match. The evaluation results showed that the accuracy rate of our approach is high and our approach can be considered as fast enough for practical use.

scholarly journals A Neural Network Based Strategy (NNBS) for Automated Construction of Test Cases for Testing an Embedded System using Combinatorial Techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.3) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Prasad Mudarakola ◽  
J. K. R. Sastry
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Paper Test ◽  
Testing Tools ◽  
System A ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Important Concern

Testing an embedded system is required to locate bugs in software, diminish risk, development, repairs costs and to improve performance for both users and the company. Embedded software testing tools are useful for catching defects during unit, integration and system testing.   Embedded systems in many cases must be optimized by engaging crucial areas of the embedded systems considering all factors of the input domain.  The most important concern is to build a place of test cases depend on design of the requirements that can recognize more number of faults at a least rate and point in time in the major sections of an embedded system. This paper proposes a Neural Network Based strategy (NNBS) to generate optimized test cases based on the considerations of the system. A tool called NNTCG (Neural Network Test Case Generator) has been build up based on the method proposed in this paper. Test cases are generated for testing an embedded system using NNTCG and the same are used to determine the expected output through the neural network and the output generated from the actual firmware. The faulty paths within the firmware are determined when the output generated by the neural network is not same as the output generated by the firmware.

A Method of Testing Generation Based on Prioritized Pair

2012 ◽  
Vol 241-244 ◽  
pp. 2696-2700
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Zhen Yu Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Test Coverage ◽  
Combinatorial Testing ◽  
Critical Test ◽  
Generate Pair

Combinatorial testing has lots of test cases, but software testers hope to get the best test coverage with the smallest test case suite. For the scale of produced test cases is so large that researchers have considered the implementation of the critical test cases. This article researches the classic combinatorial test methods and proposes methods to generate pair-wise testing cases with a priority. Firstly, we design formulas to compute the weights of priorities. Secondly, we adopt a greed algorithm to solve the combinatorial testing problems. Furthermore, we integrate the greed strategy into a genetic algorithm to improve the efficiency. It improves the testing efficiency while securing the detection rate of defects under limited resources.

scholarly journals Towards Incremental FSM-based Testing of Software Product Lines

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maykon Luís Capellari ◽  
Itana Maria de Souza Gimenes ◽  
Adenilso da Silva Simão ◽  
Andre Takeshi Endo
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Finite State Machines ◽  
Product Line ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
State Machines ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Finite State ◽  
The Cost

Software Product Line (SPL) is an approach which offers several benefits for organizations, such as significant reductions in the development and maintenance costs, reduced time-to-market, and personalized software products. In SPLs, the testing activity presents challenges due to characteristics of their development process. The cost of testing SPL is usually higher than the cost of testing traditional systems. SPLs foster the reuse of artifacts that include requirement specifications, code and models. Among different models used in an SPL, state-based models, such as Finite State Machines, are promising candidates to support the test case generation. Therefore, we propose a strategy to reuse test cases generated for different products of an SPL. Test cases are derived from Finite State Machines representing products instantiated from an SPL. The test cases generated for a product are reused when testing further products instantiated from the same SPL, in order to reduce the size of additional test cases. We illustrate our strategy in a case study using two SPLs of embedded system applications.

Analisa Pengujian Repeatability Timbangan Elektronik dengan Metode Syarat Teknis Timbangan Non Otomatis dan Metode NMI Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-183
Author(s):  
Ponco Wali
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Repeat Testing ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Technical Requirements

Testing repeat electronic scales with non-automatic scales technical requirements so far is fairly long if not using a calculator or computer. The aim of this research is to compare the repeatability testing method of electronic scales using methods according to the technical requirements of non-automatic scales and the Australian NMI method, both of which refer to OIML R76 in determining the validity or cancellation of electronic scales repeatability testing. This research method is done through repeat testing on 3 samples of electronic scales, then on each electronic scale 2 test methods are performed. The conclusion is that the electronic scales repeatability testing uses the non-automatic scales technical requirements method and the Australian NMI method has some differences although both refer to OIML R76. These differences include several points, namely the charge used, the method of adding additions, the formula for determining electronic scales, and different test results. The Australian NMI method is deemed to make it easier and more time efficient compared to the non-automatic weighing technical requirements method.

scholarly journals Resource and dependency based test case generation for RESTful Web services

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Zhang ◽  
Bogdan Marculescu ◽  
Andrea Arcuri
Keyword(s):  
Web Services ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Evolutionary Search ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Mutation Operators ◽  
On Line ◽  
Restful Web Services

AbstractNowadays, RESTful web services are widely used for building enterprise applications. REST is not a protocol, but rather it defines a set of guidelines on how to design APIs to access and manipulate resources using HTTP over a network. In this paper, we propose an enhanced search-based method for automated system test generation for RESTful web services, by exploiting domain knowledge on the handling of HTTP resources. The proposed techniques use domain knowledge specific to RESTful web services and a set of effective templates to structure test actions (i.e., ordered sequences of HTTP calls) within an individual in the evolutionary search. The action templates are developed based on the semantics of HTTP methods and are used to manipulate the web services’ resources. In addition, we propose five novel sampling strategies with four sampling methods (i.e., resource-based sampling) for the test cases that can use one or more of these templates. The strategies are further supported with a set of new, specialized mutation operators (i.e., resource-based mutation) in the evolutionary search that take into account the use of these resources in the generated test cases. Moreover, we propose a novel dependency handling to detect possible dependencies among the resources in the tested applications. The resource-based sampling and mutations are then enhanced by exploiting the information of these detected dependencies. To evaluate our approach, we implemented it as an extension to the EvoMaster tool, and conducted an empirical study with two selected baselines on 7 open-source and 12 synthetic RESTful web services. Results show that our novel resource-based approach with dependency handling obtains a significant improvement in performance over the baselines, e.g., up to + 130.7% relative improvement (growing from + 27.9% to + 64.3%) on line coverage.

scholarly journals COT-13 Current situation and problems of cancer genomic profiling test in Kyoto University Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. ii22-ii22
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Arakawa ◽  
Junko Suga ◽  
Yukinori Terada ◽  
Kohei Nakajima ◽  
Masahiro Tanji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Germline Mutations ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Genomic Profiling ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Final Test ◽  
First Time ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Secondary Finding

Abstract Objective: Kyoto University Hospital has introduced the cancer genomic profiling tests, Oncoprime in 2015, Guardant360 in 2018, which are not under insurance coverage, FoundationOne CDx(F1CDx) and OncoGuide NCC Oncopanel system(NCC OP) in 2019, which received approval for insurance coverage for the first time in Japan. We investigated the results of cancer genomic profiling test under insurance coverage in our hospital. Methods: A special facility for the cancer genomic profiling tests was produced. To perform the cancer genomic profiling test, an outpatient must visit the facility three times (learning, ordering of the test, and getting the results). The expert panels decide the final test results and treatment options with the all information of the patients. Results: From November 2019 to March 2020, 51 and 9 patients were tested with F1CDx and NCC OP, respectively. 16 patients (31%) of F1CDX and 2 patients (22%) of NCC OP got treatment recommendations from the expert panels. However, only 5 patients (9.8%) of F1CDX and 1 patient (11%) of NCC OP received the treatments. The secondary finding suspecting germline mutations was found in 8 patients of F1CDX. Conclusion: After the approval the cancer genomic profiling tests with insurance coverage in Japan, it becomes easy for the patients to perform the test and get the genetic information of the tumor. However, it remains not easy to receive the recommended drugs because of several limitations of their usages.

scholarly journals Performance of Enhanced Multiple-Searching Genetic Algorithm for Test Case Generation in Software Testing

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 1779
Author(s):  
Wanida Khamprapai ◽  
Cheng-Fa Tsai ◽  
Paohsi Wang ◽  
Chi-En Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Software Testing ◽  
Random Search ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Test Case Generation ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Routing Problem

Test case generation is an important process in software testing. However, manual generation of test cases is a time-consuming process. Automation can considerably reduce the time required to create adequate test cases for software testing. Genetic algorithms (GAs) are considered to be effective in this regard. The multiple-searching genetic algorithm (MSGA) uses a modified version of the GA to solve the multicast routing problem in network systems. MSGA can be improved to make it suitable for generating test cases. In this paper, a new algorithm called the enhanced multiple-searching genetic algorithm (EMSGA), which involves a few additional processes for selecting the best chromosomes in the GA process, is proposed. The performance of EMSGA was evaluated through comparison with seven different search-based techniques, including random search. All algorithms were implemented in EvoSuite, which is a tool for automatic generation of test cases. The experimental results showed that EMSGA increased the efficiency of testing when compared with conventional algorithms and could detect more faults. Because of its superior performance compared with that of existing algorithms, EMSGA can enable seamless automation of software testing, thereby facilitating the development of different software packages.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bleeding Resistance in Chip Seal and Asphalt Emulsion Residue Rheology

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Preeda Chaturabong
Keyword(s):  
Influence Factors ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Asphalt Emulsion ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Chip Seal ◽  
Asphalt Emulsions

Chip seal bleeding is influenced by many factors, including design inputs, material properties, and project-specific conditions. It reduces the surface texture of the pavement and thus compromises the safety of the traveling public. Even though factors that bring about premature bleeding are known, currently, no laboratory test methods for evaluating bleeding in chip seals have been specified. The objective of this paper is to present the results of an investigation of the influence factors of asphalt emulsion residue properties measured by the ASTM D7405 multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) test, as well as other factors related to chip seal bleeding resistance as measured by the modified loaded wheel test (MLWT). In this study, the MSCR test was used as a tool for evaluating the performance of asphalt emulsions because it has been identified as a potential test related to bleeding in the field. In addition, MLWT was selected as a tool for evaluating chip seal bleeding performance in the laboratory. The results of the MLWT showed that the emulsion application rate (EAR), aggregate gradation, and emulsion properties were significant factors affecting bleeding. The MSCR test was found to be a promising tool for the performance evaluation of asphalt emulsion residue, as the test was able to differentiate between emulsion chemistries and modifications in terms of sensitivity to both temperature and stress. In relation to chip seal bleeding resistance, only the creep compliance (Jnr) obtained from the MSCR test results was identified as a significant property affecting potential for bleeding.

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