scholarly journals Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Production from Waste Catfish Fat (Pangasius Hypothalamus) Using Barnacle-Zno As A Catalyst

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.11) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Siti Norhafiza Mohd Khazaai ◽  
Nur Farah Wahida Abdul Wahid Baki ◽  
Gaanty Pragas Maniam ◽  
Mohd Hasbi Ab. Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Oxide Catalyst ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Milling Method

The abundance and diverse populations of Barnacle shells catching the intention as a source of calcium oxide catalyst to transesterify waste catfish fat into methyl ester. Calcium oxide supported with zinc oxide was prepared by ball milling method at 1:2 ratios, calcined for 3 h at 400 °C. The characterization of catalyst revealed both metals were well integrated into a bimetallic oxide. The optimal conditions were found to be: methanol/oil mass ratio, 10:1; catalyst amount, 11 wt% at the reaction temperature, 65 °C with 3 h of reaction time achieving 85.7% of methyl ester conversion. Both feedstock and catalyst from waste source have been successfully utilized to produce biodiesel.  

Characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoate-producing bacteria isolated from sludge of commercial pig farms for producing methyl esters

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2171-2177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Feng Chang ◽  
Li-Chun Chen ◽  
Cheng-Jer Hsieh ◽  
Kai-Chun Chang ◽  
Jung-Jeng Su
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Octanoic Acid ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Decanoic Acid ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Acid Methyl

The objectives of this work were to isolate and characterize the polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) producing bacteria in enriched piggery sludge and make methyl esters from PHA for industrial applications. The strain ECAe24 isolated from piggery sludge with the highest PHA production was selected to produce PHA and then methyl ester by trans-esterification using glucose as substrate under mesophilic conditions. The final product after trans-esterification consisted of approximately 75.39% of fatty acid methyl ester and was identified as decanoic acid-3-hydroxy-methyl ester, octanoic acid-3-hydroxy-methyl ester, and some other contents. The novelty of this study is to use PHA-producing bacteria from piggery sludge to make fatty acid methyl esters which can be used as materials for producing biodiesel from piggery wastes.

QSPR Modeling is Able to Predict Retention Times of Fatty Acids Using Simple Molecular Descriptors

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Mariene H. Duarte ◽  
Matheus P. Freitas ◽  
Cleiton Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Molecular Descriptors ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Chromatographic Retention ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Qspr Modeling ◽  
Mlr Model

A QSPR modeling was carried out to predict the chromatographic retention times of a series of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) widely used as standard in the characterization of lipids from agricultural and food products. Number of carbons, total double bonds, position of double bonds and geometric isomerism were used as descriptors to generate a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model. The best model yielded an RMSE = 0.167 and R2 = 0.999 for the calibration set, and RMSE = 0.151 and R2 = 1.000 for the test set. Number of carbons and total double bonds were the most important descriptors, according to the regression coefficients, but position of double bonds and isomerism cannot be neglected as they provide relevant information to improve the accuracy of the predicted property.

Effect of Saturation and Unsaturation of Fatty Methyl Esters on Biodiesel NOx Emission Characteristics

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 766-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Thangaraja ◽  
S. Rajkumar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Acid Methyl

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel and an attractive alternative to replace fossil diesel without major engine modifications. However, the emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from biodiesel fuelled engines are reported to be higher compared to diesel engine. The characteristics of biodiesel are known to depend on their fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) contents which vary with the feedstock. Thus the contribution of saturation and unsaturation of pure components of fatty acid methyl esters on NOx formation warrants a systematic investigation. This paper attempts to relate the composition of biodiesel with NOx formation. For this purpose, the NO formation from pure fatty acid methyl esters are predicted using extended Zeldovich reaction scheme. Also, the experiments are conducted for measuring oxides of nitrogen from a compression ignition engine operated using neat palm and karanja methyl esters and their blends providing biodiesel combinations of varying degree of saturation for investigation. The measured NOx concentrations are compared with the corresponding predictions to affirm the influence of fatty acid methyl ester on engine NOx characteristics. The results clearly indicate that the change in degree of saturation influences the NOx formation and an increase in the degree of saturation of biodiesel decreases the engine NOx emission.

Chromatographic characterization of triacylglycerides and fatty acid methyl esters in microalgae oils for biodiesel production

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 053111 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Soares ◽  
B. F. Silva ◽  
L. L. Fialho ◽  
M. A. G. Pequeno ◽  
A. A. H. Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Chromatographic Characterization

Size and composition of lymph chylomicrons following feeding corn oil or its fatty acid methyl esters

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 514-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu-Ying Yang ◽  
Arnis Kuksis
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Phosphatidic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Lipid Particle

Male rats with thoracic duct cannulae were intubated with com oil or fatty acid methyl esters and the lymph was collected over the next 2–72 h. The apoprotein (apo) composition of the chylomicrons, isolated by conventional ultracentrifugation, was determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate – polyacrylamide – glycerol gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. The lipid content and composition was assessed by gas–liquid chromatography. The particle size was obtained by calculation and confirmed by electron microscopy. The study demonstrates that both the monoacylglycerol (corn oil feeding) and the phosphatidic acid (methyl ester feeding) pathways of triacylglycerol biosynthesis yield chylomicrons with closely similar apoprotein profiles representing apo B-48, apo A-IV, apo E, apo A-I, and the apo C components. A protein band corresponding to apo B-100 was occasionally observed as a minor component of the chylomicrons from both groups of animals. The chylomicrons from com oil feeding had about two times larger diameters than those from methyl ester feeding. There were no significant differences in the composition of the apoproteins, although the smaller particles had two times higher apoprotein/triacylglycerol ratios. It was calculated that the amount of apo B per lipid particle for the ester fed rats ranged from one to eight molecules and was closely correlated with the particle size. The corn oil fed rats yielded about three molecules apo B per lipid particle regardless of the particle size. It is concluded that the pathway of intestinal triacylglycerol biosynthesis has a significant effect on the apoprotein mass and to a lesser extent on the apoprotein and lipid composition of the chylomicrons. The phosphatidic acid pathway produces smaller particles and transfers to the bloodstream twice as much apoprotein per gram of fat than the monoacylglycerol pathway, which yields the larger particles. Possible variations in the site and rate of biosynthesis of the triacylglycerols could not be entirely excluded as contributing factors.

Potential of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), using direct infusion, to quantify fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) in biodiesel

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (26) ◽  
pp. 3949-3955
Author(s):  
Rodrigo V. P. Leal ◽  
Gabriel F. Sarmanho ◽  
Luiz H. Leal ◽  
Bruno C. Garrido ◽  
Lucas J. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Direct Infusion ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Acid Methyl

Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) intensities, by ESI-MS, used to their quantification in biodiesel.

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