Orientación de Pasajeros con Discapacidad Visual dentro del Sistema de Transporte Masivo Transmilenio, mediante Geolocalización Satelital

Context: Although the mass-transport system Transmilenio provides audio information for travelers’ guidance, this is not helpful enough to blind users who are not able to transit easily within the system. For these reason, portable guidance devices are needed to improve the level of autonomy of the visually impaired people while using the transport system.Method: A review of aid devices to improve the level of autonomy of people with visual impairment was conducted so as to define the most practical technology for building an affordable device usable in the city of Bogotá. Subsequently, the functional modules of the device were defined, including file storage, sound reproduction, user interface and satellite geolocalization and location. Once built, the operation of the device was tested with 10 volunteers in condition of visual impairment who were oriented with the device between two main stations of one Transmilenio line; a final statistical study was conducted on the operation and usability perception of the device by the users.Results: 100% of the users were able to reach their destination successfully in the pilot test. In regards to the usability perception, users highlighted features such as sound indications for setting the device and orientation guidance throughout the journey. On the other hand, one of the main difficulties found was to correctly identify the bus approaching the stop and similarly locating the corresponding boarding door, as multiple bus routes may alight in the same door.Conclusions: The device was built incorporating low-cost technologies intended to make it affordable in an eventual mass—scale production. Likewise, a discreet design was chosen so as to lessen the risk of robbery, which unfortunately is a frequent issue in the Transmilenio system due to overcrowding of buses and stations. Additionally, we remark that the prototype can be made smaller by using special—purpose circuit boards. Policy-makers may take into account these considerations for an eventual wide implementation as part of governments’ plans for mobility inclusion in mass-transport systems for disabled people, in comparison with other alternatives such as smart cell phonesLanguage: Spanish.

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Initiation, proliferation and development of micro-propagation system for mass scale production of banana through meristem culture

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.5897/ajb11.2079 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 10 (70) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ali

Keyword(s):

Mass Scale ◽

Meristem Culture ◽

Scale Production ◽

Micro Propagation ◽

Mass Scale Production

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Rapid Mass Scale Production ofBambusa bambos(L.) Voss by Rhizome Induction

Agricultural Research Journal ◽

10.5958/2395-146x.2016.00021.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 119

Author(s):

Hiral P Patel ◽

Amar Sakure ◽

N Subhash

Keyword(s):

Mass Scale ◽

Scale Production ◽

Mass Scale Production ◽

Rapid Mass

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Biosynthesis and Chaerchterization of Gold Nanoparticals by Using Local Serratia spp. Isolate

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance ◽

10.25258/ijpqa.10.3.13 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Lubna Abdulazeem ◽

Frial G. Abd

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Metallic Nanoparticles ◽

Mass Scale ◽

Current Approach ◽

Biological Synthesis ◽

Scale Production ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽

Mass Scale Production

Biological sources of bacteria ,fungi, and plants are playing a major role in the reduction of metallic nanoparticles such as gold, as it attributed as an eco-friendly and contributed in application in nanotechnology. This study include the biological synthesis of gold nanoparticles using the culture supernatant of local Serratia spp. isolate. Gold(III) chloride trihydrate ( HAuCl2) in concentration1× 10-³ M added to supernatant separately. Their respective supernatants were examined for ability to produce gold nanoparticles, The events happend was in a dark place at 37Cº. After 24 h, it was observed that the color of the solutions turned from pale yellow to dark purple. The gold nanoparticles were characterized by: UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to ensure presence of different functional groups, respectively ,X-Ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), finaly,scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) to determined AuNPs size and shape. Results: The gold nanoparticles were approximatly uniform in size 57.17 nm , triangle in shape and FTIR spectra revealed the presence of various functional groups in the gold nanoparticles which were also present in the bacterial extract. Conclusion: The current approach suggests that rapid synthesis of nanoparticles would be feasible in developing a biological process for mass scale production of gold nanoparticles.

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Environmental Impacts of Distributed Manufacturing from 3-D Printing of Polymer Components and Products

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/opl.2013.319 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1492 ◽

pp. 85-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Megan Kreiger ◽

Joshua M. Pearce

Keyword(s):

Environmental Impact ◽

Open Source ◽

Large Scale ◽

Low Cost ◽

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽

Mass Scale ◽

Embodied Energy ◽

Scale Production ◽

Distributed Manufacturing ◽

And Performance

ABSTRACTAlthough additive layer manufacturing is well established for rapid prototyping the low throughput and historic costs have prevented mass-scale adoption. The recent development of the RepRap, an open source self-replicating rapid prototyper, has made low-cost 3-D printers readily available to the public at reasonable prices (<$1,000). The RepRap (Prusa Mendell variant) currently prints 3-D objects in a 200x200x140 square millimeters build envelope from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA). ABS and PLA are both thermoplastics that can be injection-molded, each with their own benefits, as ABS is rigid and durable, while PLA is plant-based and can be recycled and composted. The melting temperature of ABS and PLA enable use in low-cost 3-D printers, as these temperature are low enough to use in melt extrusion in the home, while high enough for prints to retain their shape at average use temperatures. Using 3-D printers to manufacture provides the ability to both change the fill composition by printing voids and fabricate shapes that are impossible to make using tradition methods like injection molding. This allows more complicated shapes to be created while using less material, which could reduce environmental impact.As the open source 3-D printers continue to evolve and improve in both cost and performance, the potential for economically-viable distributed manufacturing of products increases. Thus, products and components could be customized and printed on-site by individual consumers as needed, reversing the historical trend towards centrally mass-manufactured and shipped products. Distributed manufacturing reduces embodied transportation energy from the distribution of conventional centralized manufacturing, but questions remain concerning the potential for increases in the overall embodied energy of the manufacturing due to reduction in scale. In order to quantify the environmental impact of distributed manufacturing using 3-D printers, a life cycle analysis was performed on a plastic juicer. The energy consumed and emissions produced from conventional large-scale production overseas are compared to experimental measurements on a RepRap producing identical products with ABS and PLA. The results of this LCA are discussed in relation to the environmental impact of distributed manufacturing with 3-D printers and polymer selection for 3-D printing to reduce this impact. The results of this study show that distributed manufacturing uses less energy than conventional manufacturing due to the RepRap's unique ability to reduce fill composition. Distributed manufacturing also has less emissions than conventional manufacturing when using PLA and when using ABS with solar photovoltaic power. The results of this study indicate that open-source additive layer distributed manufacturing is both technically viable and beneficial from an ecological perspective.

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PROGRESS ON SCINTILLATOR RESEARCH BY THE CRYSTAL CLEAR COLLABORATION

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-348-51 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 348 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Paul Lecoq

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Physics ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Mass Scale ◽

Scale Production ◽

Good Resolution ◽

Energy Gamma ◽

Large Effort ◽

Mass Scale Production ◽

Safety Systems

ABSTRACTA large effort has been undertaken since nearly 2 years by 14 research institutes (the “Crystal Clear” collaboration, CERN RD project 18), in order to develop and investigate new dense, radiation hard and fast inorganic scintillators suitable for very good resolution electromagnetic calorimeters to be built at the new high luminosity accelerators. Other fields of interest like nuclear physics, gamma ray astronomy, medical imaging (PET), safety systems and non destructive industrial applications are also rapidly growing. Progress on cerium fluoride will be reviewed with some comments about mass scale production and cost considerations. The pro's and con's of potentially cheaper solutions based on fluoride glasses or lead compounds will be discussed. Finally some attractive candidates will be mentioned for low energy gamma ray applications.

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Nanoflakes of chloride zinc–iron–aluminum-based layered double hydroxides obtained from industrial waste: a green approach to mass-scale production

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/d1ra01201k ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (29) ◽

pp. 17760-17768

Author(s):

Larissa Bello Neves de Farias ◽

Gregorio Guadalupe Carbajal-Arízaga ◽

Luis Guilherme Giannina Sante ◽

Luciane Effting ◽

Juliana Aparecida Correa da Silva Fernandes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Layered Double Hydroxides ◽

Industrial Waste ◽

Waste Treatment ◽

Mass Scale ◽

Scale Production ◽

Green Approach ◽

Iron Aluminum ◽

Mass Scale Production ◽

Double Hydroxides ◽

Industrial Waste Treatment

A greener technology aiming at a smarter industrial waste treatment is proposed to produce chloride iron–zinc–aluminum layered double hydroxides (LDHs).

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CytroCell: Valued Cellulose from Citrus Processing Waste

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26030596 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 596

Author(s):

Antonino Scurria ◽

Lorenzo Albanese ◽

Mario Pagliaro ◽

Federica Zabini ◽

Francesco Giordano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insoluble Fraction ◽

Mass Scale ◽

Hydrodynamic Cavitation ◽

Scale Production ◽

High Porosity ◽

Functional Material ◽

Processing Waste ◽

Chemical Research ◽

Mass Scale Production ◽

Water Holding

Isolating cellulose from citrus processing waste without employing chemicals has so far been an unfulfilled goal of chemical research applied to the valorization of a widely available biowaste, annually totaling >100 million tonnes. We have applied hydrodynamic cavitation using a Venturi-type reactor for the extraction of all valued bioproducts of industrial citrus processing waste in water only, directly on a semi-industrial scale. After reporting the discovery of IntegroPectin in the soluble fraction of the aqueous extract, we now report the isolation of a cellulosic material in the water-insoluble fraction of cavitated lemon and grapefruit processing waste. Named “CytroCell”, the material is cellulose of low crystallinity, high porosity, good water holding capacity and good dispersibility in water. These properties open the route to mass-scale production of a useful functional material from a cheap and abundant biowaste.

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