Regional and Racial Trends in US Colorectal Cancer Screening

2021 ◽  
pp. 534-545
Author(s):  
Rashid Ahmed ◽  
Mark Williamson ◽  
Samia Nadeem ◽  
Saif Bahri
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
American Indians ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Behavioral Risk

Objective: Colorectal cancer screening is proven to reduce cancer burden and mortality. Despite several well-established screening methods, colorectal cancer still has the third-highest cancer mortality rate in the United States. Methods: We examine the self-reports of individuals ever having a colonoscopy or fecal occult blood test (FOBT) from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System questionnaire to determine if screening rates differed by race and year while controlling for state and other variables. Results: Colonoscopy rates increased between years while FOBT rates decreased. Blacks had higher colonoscopy rates than Whites and other racial minorities had lower rates. Blacks also had higher FOBT rates, as did American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ ANs), Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders (NH/PIs), and the multiracial category (MR). Whites and Asians saw a rise in colonoscopy rates between 2014 and 2018, whereas AI/ANs, NH/PIs, MR, and the other category (Other) saw a rise in FOBT rates. State-level screening rates were not associated with state-level incidence or mortality rates. Conclusions: Racial disparities still exist in self-reported colorectal screening patterns, though some are trending in the right direction, and there is a gap between screening rates and incidence rates by state that depend on further factors.

Increasing Colorectal Cancer Screening at an Urban FQHC Using iFOBT and Patient Navigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Martin ◽  
Madelaine Tully ◽  
Allison Kos ◽  
David Frazer ◽  
Amy Williamson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Patient Navigation ◽  
Black Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Outreach Program ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood

Introduction. Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Black Americans suffer even higher incidence and death rates than the general population. Genetics and patient perceptions explain some of this difference, however, modifiable health care system factors such as lack of access to colon cancer screening also contribute. Partnering an academic health center with local community groups, we piloted a colorectal cancer screening program at a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC) serving predominately low socioeconomic status Black Americans. The program was designed to identify and remove barriers to screening and improve screening rates. Method. At a single center FQHC, we developed an outreach program centered around (1) patient and provider education, (2) immunochemical fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) distribution, and (3) patient navigation. We identified 402 eligible patients, of which 228 (56.7%) completed screening. Results. Our 56.7% screening rate represented a twofold increase above prepilot levels at the clinic. Nine (4%) iFOBT returned positive. Three of these nine patients completed colonoscopy. Screening rates and follow through were higher under a single navigator model. Conclusions. Our academic–community partnership provided an effective, evidence based, and sustainable model for increasing colorectal cancer screening in a high risk, low resource community.

Cross-Cultural Validation of the Preventive Health Model for Colorectal Cancer Screening: An Australian Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 724-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid H. Flight ◽  
Carlene J. Wilson ◽  
Jane McGillivray ◽  
Ronald E. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Health Model

We investigated whether the five-factor structure of the Preventive Health Model for colorectal cancer screening, developed in the United States, has validity in Australia. We also tested extending the model with the addition of the factor Self-Efficacy to Screen using Fecal Occult Blood Test (SESFOBT). Randomly selected men and women aged between 50 and 76 years ( n = 414) responded to a survey. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the U.S. model provided adequate fit for the group as a whole and for men and women separately, thereby demonstrating cross-cultural validity for measuring factors influencing the decision to screen. The inclusion of SESFOBT in the model resulted in a comparable, but less parsimonious, fit. However, self-efficacy is a demonstrated mediator of intention and action, and it is argued that the addition of SESFOBT as a sixth factor may have utility for the design of strategies to increase actual uptake of FOBT.

scholarly journals Predictors of Intention to Obtain Colorectal Cancer Screening Among African American Men in a State Fair Setting

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Rogers ◽  
Patricia Goodson ◽  
Lindsey R. Dietz ◽  
Kola S. Okuyemi
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
African American ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
African American Men ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Knowledge ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Racial disparities in health among African American men in the United States are appalling. African American men have the highest mortality and incidence rates from colorectal cancer compared with all other ethnic, racial, and gender groups. Juxtaposed to their white counterparts, African American men have colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates 27% and 52% higher, respectively. Colorectal cancer is a treatable and preventable condition when detected early, yet the intricate factors influencing African American men’s intention to screen remain understudied. Employing a nonexperimental, online survey research design at the Minnesota State Fair, the purpose of this study was to explore whether male role norms, knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions influence intention to screen for colorectal cancer among 297 African American men. As hypothesized, these Minnesota men (ages 18 to 65) lacked appropriate colorectal cancer knowledge: only 33% of the sample received a “passing” knowledge score (85% or better). In a logistic regression model, the three factors significantly associated with a higher probability of obtaining colorectal cancer screening were age, perceived barriers, and perceived subjective norms. Findings from this study provide a solid basis for informing health policy and designing health promotion and early-intervention colorectal cancer prevention programs that are responsive to the needs of African American men in Minnesota and beyond.

COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY COLONOGRAPHY IN COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hanly ◽  
Mairead Skally ◽  
Helen Fenlon ◽  
Linda Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Life Years

Objectives: The European Code Against Cancer recommends individuals aged ≥50 should participate in colorectal cancer screening. CT-colonography (CTC) is one of several screening tests available. We systematically reviewed evidence on, and identified key factors influencing, cost-effectiveness of CTC screening.Methods: PubMed, Medline, and the Cochrane library were searched for cost-effectiveness or cost-utility analyses of CTC-based screening, published in English, January 1999 to July 2010. Data was abstracted on setting, model type and horizon, screening scenario(s), comparator(s), participants, uptake, CTC performance and cost, effectiveness, ICERs, and whether extra-colonic findings and medical complications were considered.Results: Sixteen studies were identified from the United States (n = 11), Canada (n = 2), and France, Italy, and the United Kingdom (1 each). Markov state-transition (n = 14) or microsimulation (n = 2) models were used. Eleven considered direct medical costs only; five included indirect costs. Fourteen compared CTC with no screening; fourteen compared CTC with colonoscopy-based screening; fewer compared CTC with sigmoidoscopy (8) or fecal tests (4). Outcomes assessed were life-years gained/saved (13), QALYs (2), or both (1). Three considered extra-colonic findings; seven considered complications. CTC appeared cost-effective versus no screening and, in general, flexible sigmoidoscopy and fecal occult blood testing. Results were mixed comparing CTC to colonoscopy. Parameters most influencing cost-effectiveness included: CTC costs, screening uptake, threshold for polyp referral, and extra-colonic findings.Conclusion: Evidence on cost-effectiveness of CTC screening is heterogeneous, due largely to between-study differences in comparators and parameter values. Future studies should: compare CTC with currently favored tests, especially fecal immunochemical tests; consider extra-colonic findings; and conduct comprehensive sensitivity analyses.

scholarly journals Scope of Artificial Intelligence in Screening and Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant Goyal ◽  
Rupinder Mann ◽  
Zainab Gandhi ◽  
Abhilash Perisetti ◽  
Aman Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Narrow Band Imaging ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Polyp Detection ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Magnifying Chromoendoscopy

Globally, colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed malignancy. It causes significant mortality and morbidity, which can be reduced by early diagnosis with an effective screening test. Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and computer-aided detection (CAD) with screening methods has shown promising colorectal cancer screening results. AI could provide a “second look” for endoscopists to decrease the rate of missed polyps during a colonoscopy. It can also improve detection and characterization of polyps by integration with colonoscopy and various advanced endoscopic modalities such as magnifying narrow-band imaging, endocytoscopy, confocal endomicroscopy, laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy, and magnifying chromoendoscopy. This descriptive review discusses various AI and CAD applications in colorectal cancer screening, polyp detection, and characterization.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document