Investment, Organizational and Environmental Aspects of Regulation of Small and Medium Business

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1841
Author(s):  
Arseniy KRIKUNOV ◽  
Ainur UTEUBAYEVA ◽  
Berik NAZHMIDENOV ◽  
Ansar KABIEV ◽  
Kulyash SYZDYKOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Ecosystem Stability ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Competitive Economy

The development of small and medium-sized businesses, which is the main source of employment, attracting investments, the foundation for building a competitive economy, is one of the main priorities for the development of the national economy. In European countries, it is SMEs, within which the middle class is formed, that are the basis of stability and economic prosperity. Increased air pollution negatively affects human health and ecosystem stability. This indicator makes it possible to assess the environmental impact of certain sectors, in particular: energy, transport, industry, agriculture and waste management. In this regard, the state is trying to take measures to maintain and improve the environment through financing and tightening environmental standards.

eu Policy and Law Regarding Railways and the Environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-45
Author(s):  
Ludwig Krämer
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Transport Networks ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Railway Freight ◽  
Planning And Operation

For decades, railway issues were considered, in Europe, as being almost entirely in the responsibility of the Member States. This history is even reflected in the present eu approach on railway issues which has, as one of its political priorities, the objective to ensure the interoperability of national legal and technical standards all over the eu. The development of trans-European transport networks, the upcoming of high-speed transboundary trains and the internationalisation of railway freight transport which are of relative recent date, all contribute to the greater awareness of railway impacts on the environment. Policies can no longer promote railways with the argument that rail is the most environment-friendly means of transport, but are more and more obliged to take into consideration, during the planning and operation of railways, local, provincial and regional environmental concerns. The contribution passes in review the most relevant environmental concerns with regard to railways. After a short description of the regulatory frame, the different environmental aspects of railways – land use, nature conservation, noise, water, air pollution, and waste management – are discussed. Some concluding remarks follow.

Mini-review of waste-to-energy related air pollution and their limit value regulations in an international comparison

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110606
Author(s):  
Isla Hodgkinson ◽  
Roman Maletz ◽  
Franz-Georg Simon ◽  
Christina Dornack
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Anthropogenic Processes ◽  
India And China

The concept of circular economy supports mitigation of climate change and other environmental pressures to the planet. Circulating materials in anthropogenic processes come with the risk of accumulating hazardous substances and compounds. In this concept, waste incineration or waste-to-energy (WtE) is a necessary technology to remove these compounds from the life cycle. In this mini-review, contaminants of major importance in the flue gas from waste incineration plants and their environmental impact are discussed. Air pollution of WtE is often seen as the most relevant environmental impact of this treatment option. The emission values parameter set for different countries is presented and compared. The most stringent legally set of emission values could be found in parts of Europe and South Korea. Japan also permits similar strict values when authorising individual incineration plants. In North America, the values are partially less strict as the best available technologies in Europe suggest being possible. Emerging economies, such as India and China, have shown efforts to improve their environmental protection standards but still have room to improve. This could be set in relation to other industrial emitting processes and therefore could be used to assess the relevance of this industry sector to the national emission inventories.

Identifying and Ranking of Alternative Fuels by Using AHP and PROMETHEE II Methods to Find Best Fuel for Bus Rapid Transit System

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-87
Author(s):  
Iman Dadashpour ◽  
Ahmadreza Rostami
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Promethee Ii ◽  
Pollution Problem ◽  
Hierarchy Analysis

Nowadays, one of the most significant concerns is regarding to air pollution. Carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, is the main pollutant that is warming Earth. Industrialized countries have worked to reduce levels of sulfur dioxide, smog, and smoke in order to improve people's health. The problem of air pollution in the metropolises of Iran has been increased. The identification and development of clean fuels and also alternative fuels can play an important role in solving pollution problem. In this article, to find best fuel in terms of economic, social and environmental aspects which are part of sustainability. So, the multi-criteria decision-making techniques like fuzzy hierarchy analysis method and PROMETHEE used to rank and determine the preferred option for alternative fuels used in high-speed buses in Tehran. The results show that the biodiesel was selected as the best fuel to prevent the air pollution emission among the available options.

scholarly journals Racing to the Bottom? Foreign Investment and Air Pollution in Developing Countries

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Developing World ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Race To The Bottom ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Trade Measures ◽  
Pollution Havens

Critics of free trade have raised the specter of a "race to the bottom" in which environmental standards collapse because polluters threaten to relocate to "pollution havens" in the developing world. Proponents of this view advocate high, globally uniform standards enforced by punitive trade measures that neutralize the cost advantage of would-be pollution havens. To test the race-to-the-bottom model, the author analyzes recent air quality trends in the United States and the three largest recipients of foreign investment in the developing world: China, Brazil, and Mexico. The evidence clearly contradicts the model's central prediction: The most dangerous form of air pollution has actually declined in major cities of all four countries during the era of globalization. Citing recent research, the author argues that the race-to-the-bottom model is flawed because its basic assumptions misrepresent the political economy of pollution control in developing countries.

scholarly journals Analysis of environmental impact on emotional health of people visiting temples of Vrindavan, India: a qualitative survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3259
Author(s):  
Purva Shoor ◽  
Bhumika Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Sacred Places ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Study Population

Background: In this century, blind faith in unhealthy environments is dwindling and more focus on environmental impact on a truly spiritual and emotionally uplifting experience is regarded as most important to contemporary visitors to sacred places. The main objective is to describe the emotional state of people visiting temples of Vrindavan and to describe the viewpoints on environmental factors affecting their emotional health.Methods: Type of study: a qualitative survey, study population: visitors to temples of Vrindavan. Method of sampling: purposive sampling, sample size: 67 people, study tool: pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire for interview, data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel spreadsheet, and tabulated.Results: 82.09% of people interviewed were of the age 18-50 years. Among the visitors all were Indians, and one NRI. Majority interviewed were males. 6 people visiting temple 1 reported feeling annoyed, disturbed and insecure during visit. There were relatively positive responses regarding environmental factors due to religious constraints. Many people reported good conduct of pujaris (temple priests) in all the three temples with quite a few bad comments like professional seekers and greedy. Long queues and no comfort was disliked for all the three temples, however some people expressed no problem with it.Conclusions: Pilgrims do not critically analyze environmental aspects managed by authorities. They felt spiritual and emotionally aroused and preferred not to comment on not so comfortable experiences. We cannot neglect the rising exceptions to the usual herd of visitors who are on the rise.

scholarly journals Stakeholders in the EIA Process: What is Important for them? The Case of Road Construction

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-82
Author(s):  
Renata Dagiliute ◽  
Gintare Juozapaitiene
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impact Assessment ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Governmental Institutions

Abstract - Public participation is one of the conditions for an effective environmental impact assessment. Quite often public participation is limited to the general public but various organizations, governmental and non-governmental institutions, business enterprises are left aside. The paper analyses the attitudes of different enterprises/organizations with focus on a road construction (Siaurine Street) case in Vilnius, Lithuania in regard to the environmental impact assessment process. The survey indicated that only a very small part of respondents from different enterprises and organizations has been approached in particular environmental impact assessment process, although the construction project was relevant for nearly half of all surveyed enterprises. Companies, located in the territory of the planned Siaurine Street, highlighted that the major significant components of environmental aspects are noise and air pollution, between socio-economic environment - suitable infrastructure, human well-being and business and job opportunities. The type of company’s activity, income, number of employees and their distance to the Siaurine Street were the main factors determining respondent choices.

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