scholarly journals Message Ferry Route Calculation through K-means Clustering Algorithm for Partially-Connected MANET

Webology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Anand Pandey ◽  
Pankaj Singh ◽  
Prashant Mani ◽  
Saptarshi Gupta ◽  
Jay Prakash Narayan Verma
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Cluster Center ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Message Ferries ◽  
Message Ferry

Partially-connected MANETs are the Wi-Fi networks where most of the time a comprehensive path between source and destination does not exist due to narrow radio transmission range of the nodes, low density of nodes, wide deployment area, physical obstacles like high rise buildings, severe weather conditions, or other physical factors. The traditional routing protocols of the Mobile Ad-hoc Network presume that the network is connected. There are two possible solutions to solve the connectivity problem in sparse MANET. The first solution makes use of random movement of nodes to transfer messages whereas in the second, one node is given special privileges to roam in the deployment area to distribute messages in segmented areas, which is also called the Message Ferry (MF) approach for transmitting data. Message ferries keep moving in the deployment area and take the charge of storing, carrying and forwarding data of the regular nodes. In the present paper, the ferry-initiated approach has been adopted with 2 ferry nodes, which are allowed to move in such a way that they cover the maximum area of the grid. It is proposed that the ferry nodes will design their routes dynamically on the basis of current topology of MANET and in one round trip it will pass through the centers of the partitioned clusters formed by the regular nodes. The process of calculating cluster center is repeated in further trips. K-means clustering algorithm is applied to calculate the cluster centers of the partitioned clusters. The results indicate positive performances of the proposed model in various simulation experiments conducted.

scholarly journals A Novel Clustering Algorithm Based on Agent Technology for VANET

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Harrabi ◽  
Ines Ben Jaafar ◽  
Khaled Ghedira
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Agent Technology ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Network Overhead

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is a sub-family of Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET).The means goal of VANET is to provide communications between nearby nodes or between nodes and fixed infrastructure. Despite that VANET is considered as a subclass of MANET, it has for particularity the high mobility of vehicles producing the frequent changes of network topology that involve changing of road, varying node density and locations of vehicles existing in this road. That‘s why, the most proposed clustering algorithms for MANET are unsuitable for VANET. Various searches have been recently published deal with clustering for VANETs. But most of them are focused on minimizing network overhead value, number of created clusters and had not considered the vehicles interests which defined as any related data used to differentiate vehicle from another (such as traffic congestion, looking for free parking space etc). In this paper, we propose a novel clustering algorithm based on agent technology to solve the problems mentioned above and improve routing in VANET. Experimental part show promising results regarding the adoption of the proposed approach.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Routing based on Reliability for Mobile Ad hoc Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 5327-5330
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Physical Factor ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Performance Factors ◽  
And Performance

MANETs is a network which has nodes. Communication is done without use of infrastructure. Quality based routing is developed which considers end to end qualitatiove data communication. A number of protocols were designed and suggested by researchers to achieve effective communication in MANETs. Considering number of quality factors as energy, trust, bandwidth etc a number of protocols are existing. But still there are number of factors those can consider to enhance the performance of the protocols used for the communication purpose. The existing schemes were effective enough but still as factors those were considering only the resources held by a node not the physical factors were present as node is to survive and communication in network. So further enhancements were possible by considering the physical parameters. Inspired from that in this paper a proposed scheme considering physical factor name as Distance is considered as the improvement to the traditional scheme. The distance factor is behaving as finding the physical presence of the node in the network also the distance factor will help to find the appropriate node for the next hop to communicate. A simulation is conducted in MATLAB software and performance factors as throughput and energy are analyzed, also an comparison with existing system is done and the results shows that the proposed scheme is effective enough to achieve QOS based routing with reduced energy consumption and high throughput.

scholarly journals Dominating Set Based Clustering Algorithm for Mobile Adhoc Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12824-12829
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Dominating Set ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Multihop Network ◽  
Control Overhead ◽  
Mobile Adhoc Network ◽  
Adhoc Network

A group of mobile nodes using a common wireless media forms a dynamic multihop network known as Mobile Ad-Hoc network (MANET). Creating substructure (cluster) of the mobile adhoc network, basically divides the network into sub network. It has been observed that clustering of large size MANET improves the system performance to a large extent. Clustering allows the MANET to organize it in some hierarchy which reduces control overhead and make it scalable. This paper, gives a new scheme of clustering the MANET that uses the concept of dominating set. The cluster so formed by the proposed method is more stable (less mobile) than the earlier existing algorithms .Here the dominating nodes will be considered as the cluster head of a particular cluster. The non dominating nodes will select the most qualified dominating node as their cluster head and will join the cluster. The quality of the node is measured by its clustering co efficient

An Adaptable Secure Scheme in Mobile Ad hoc Network to Protect the Communication Channel From Malicious Behaviours

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-73
Author(s):  
Srilakshmi R. ◽  
Jaya Bhaskar M.
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Communication Channel ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Multipath Routing ◽  
Routing Overhead ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Packet Drop

Mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a trending field in the smart digital world; it is effectively utilized for communication sharing purposes. Besides this communication, it has numerous advances like a personal computer. However, the packet drop and low throughput ratio became serious issues. Several algorithms are implemented to increase the throughput ratio by developing multipath routing. But in some cases, the multipath routing ends in routing overhead and takes more time to transfer the data because of data load in the same path. To end this problem, this research aimed to develop a novel temporary ordered route energy migration (TOREM). Here, the migration approach balanced the data load equally and enhanced the communication channel; also, the reference node creation strategy reduced the routing overhead and packet drop ratio. Finally, the outcome of the proposed model is validated with recent existing works and earned better results by minimizing packet drop and maximizing throughput ratio.

scholarly journals A Process Of Creating A Systematic Qos Routing Technique Utilizing Manet

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (05) ◽  
pp. 670-678
Author(s):  
R Anitha ◽  
◽  
B R Tapas Bapu ◽  
S Sundararajan ◽  
M Vengadapathiraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Ga Algorithm ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc

MANET is a mobile ad-hoc network that is made of several mobile nodes that can communicate in a multi-way without any fixed or regular infrastructure. Due to its special features such as its self-organization, easy deployment it has been preferred for many military and civil applications. MANET has also gained popularity in the multimedia field. MANET has certain levels of requirements such as QoS (Quality of Service), jitter and energy, bandwidth, and end-2-end delay. MANET’s one of the basic requirements is having QoS and should have efficient routing to support other applications. In this research paper, a special Genetic Algorithm known as the GA algorithm based on routing on a Mobile Ad-hoc network is designed and termed as GAMAN. The proposed model uses a 2 QoS system for routing. The outcome of this paper showed that the GAMAN method is a significant one for QoS in MANET.

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