Optimized Routing Protocols- Enhancement in Mobile Adhoc Network

The recent developments in wireless technology have piqued academics' curiosity. Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET) is a fast-growing networking architecture used in emergency, disaster, and tactical operations applications. It covers a wide range of applications with some degradation due to its flexible and expandable nature. Because routing is the primary function of wireless networks, routing protocol design is critical in Adhoc networks. Various methods have been used to improve the performance of current routing protocols in different categories. Technical advances in routing protocols have recently been achieved, combined with optimization approaches to improve the overall performance of MANETs routing protocols. This research initially looked at several sorts of routing protocols before going through their variations for energy economy and latency reduction. The previous protocols, which were created utilizing optimization methods, will then illustrate the current requirement. Finally, the review analysis delves into many aspects such as commonly used protocols, optimization techniques, QoS parameters, performance metrics, and future paths.

Enhancement of Routing Protocols for Mobile Adhoc Network

The primaryaim of an ad-hoc network routing protocol is accurate and efficient route creation between node pairs so that messages may be delivered promptly. Route creation need to be done with reduced overhead and bandwidth. This paper presents a scheme to reduce bandwidth and power by the hibernation of nodes for a limited time. The effect of our proposal is then studied by simulation under various conditions and the analysis of the simulation results is done to comprehend the working of our protocol in various areas and how it fares in an application specific scenario.

ASR-FANET: An adaptive SDN-based routing framework for FANET

Flying ad hoc network (FANET) is widely used in many military, commercial and civilian applications. Compared with mobile adhoc network (MANET) and vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), FANET holds unique characteristics such as high mobility, intermittent links and frequent topology changes, which cause a challenging task in the design of routing protocols. A novel adaptive software defined networking (SDN)-based routing framework for FANET called ASR-FANET is proposed in this article to solve the above challenges. The ASR-FANET framework is mainly composed of three important parts, which are the topology discovery mechanism, statistics gathering mechanism and route computation mechanism. In topology discovery mechanism, the periodic information about network topology is collected, including nodes and links. In statistics gathering mechanism, the status of the wireless network connection and flight statistics are collected. In route computation mechanism, the optimal path is calculated based on link costs. The performance of ASR-FANET framework is also has been evaluated by comprehensive simulations. The simulation results show that proposed framework is much better than other traditional protocols in packet delivery fraction, average end to end delay, normalized routing load, packet loss and throughput.

VANET routing Protocols :Implementation and Analysis Using NS3 and SUMO

The emerging new form of mobile adhoc network VANETNetwork is exemplifiedby fast and drastic changes in topology over a shorter period of time. These two features have a significant impact on the efficiency ofrouting protocols used in these networks. The evaluation of various VANET routing protocols provides great feedback on the efficiency of the network. The efficacy of AODV, OLSR, DSDV and DSR protocols is evaluated in this analysis, within the VANET intersection. The movement patterns of vehicles are generated with SUMO and the simulator is NS3.Considering VANET's high velocity, frequent disassociation and highly evolving topology, the major challenge is to create a routing protocol that is more appropriate to efficiently routing packet to their end destination. System of measurementsuch as power consumption, packet distribution factor, average performance as well as maximum end-to-end delay being calculated

A Proposed AODV Black hole Detection Model using the Fuzzy Inference Method in MANET Topology

Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET)as a network of mobile routers that self-configures has raised some security concerns which one of them has been the Black Hole Attack (BHA). Studies have shown various detection and mitigation techniques in line with the black hole attack of MANET technology. However, some of the proposed models in this direction have paid less attention to how fuzzy systems could be integrated in Adhoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV)protocol, to further guide its detection abilities against a possible black hole attack. Hence the study proposed a model that integrates the Fuzzy Inference Method (FIM)on the existing AODV security measures in order to strengthen further its detection metrics. Also,an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) was introduced for an early check against possible BHA along with the Fuzzy Parameter Extraction module which performs all necessary parameter checks before passing it on to the FIM. The parameters into consideration were adapted from the study of Narang (2013), with this study modifying further its proposed algorithm using the added concepts earlier mentioned. The proposed model presented tends to perform better than the existing models in this direction with evidence from the theoretical underpinnings of the functionality of the added modules in the proposed system

An Improvement of Ant Colony Adhoc On-Demand Vector (ANT-AODV) with K-Means Clustering Nodes Method in Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) Environment

MANET (Mobile Ad hoc Network) is a technology used for data communication on mobile media. MANET moves and speeds also randomly with different distances between nodes. In the AODV reactive protocol, the development of a routing protocol with an ant colony model can significantly improve performance. The measurement results will impact the decision on the development of the ant colony protocol implemented in AODV to obtain the best route for data transmission. Several studies have developed the K-Means clustering method to obtain the shortest and best route from the AODV protocol. It does not measure congestion, distance, energy, and signal strength of the wireless network. In this research, a combination of methods was carried out, by combining clustering and also ant colony method to get the best route while dealing with the problems that have been mentioned. Implementation is done by modifying the AODV protocol and adding the two methods. At the end of the research, metric measurements were carried out to determine the Packet Delivery Ratio, End to End Delay and also the Average Hop Count.