scholarly journals Richness of Thalloid Liverworts in Bilaspur, Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve and Lafa hills, Chhattisgarh (India)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-298
Author(s):  
Ashvini Kumar Dixit ◽  
Mery Aradhna Kerketta
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Microhabitat Distribution ◽  
High Species Richness

A survey of bryophyte diversity in Bilaspur District (Chhattisgarh) and nearby areas has brought to light an unexpectedly rich bryoflora. Liverworts have a great diversity which includes both leafy and thalloid forms. Presence of 24 species of thalloid liverworts was recorded collectively from protected area Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere reserve (AABR) as well as other regions of Bilaspur district and Lafa Hills, Korba. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of elevation on the diversity of bryophytes in regional scale. For the study each location was mapped zone wise on 21 micro plots ranging between altitudes 230 m to 1011 m. Using presence or absence of species, bryophyte species richness was compared at each altitude. These zones exhibit high species richness at mid–high elevation (around 525-1000 m) with an average 4-6 species of distribution rate. It is observed 83% of liverwort population as terrestrial, 10% as epiphytic, 7% grows in aquatic habitats and below 5% recorded as ubiquitous at various altitude ranges. Species composition shows variability along the elevation and microhabitat distribution which shows homogeneity of liverwort population. This study reveals the current status of liverworts in Bilaspur region.

scholarly journals The fish fauna of streams in the Madeira-Purus interfluvial region, Brazilian Amazon

Check List ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela de França Barros ◽  
Jansen Zuanon ◽  
Fernando Pereira De Mendonça ◽  
Helder Mateus Viana Espírito Santo ◽  
André Vieira Galuch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Taxonomic Group ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
High Species Richness

Small headwaters streams of the Neotropical region usually have high species richness and diversity. This study aimed to investigate the species composition and abundance of fish fauna in the headwaters streams of the Madeira-Purus interfluvial plain in the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 22 streams of 1st to 3rd order were sampled during two expeditions at two separate locations in April-May and July of 2007. A total of 5508 fishes were captured using hand and small seine nets, belonging to 78 species, 22 families and six orders. Characiformes was the most diverse taxonomic group in the samples, followed by Gymnotiformes and Siluriformes. Our findings indicate that the fish fauna of streams in the Madeira- Purus interfluvial plain is both rich and diverse and should be considered during the implementation of strengthened environmental conservation strategies in this region. 

scholarly journals Environmental filtering and spillover explain multi-species edge responses across agricultural boundaries in a biosphere reserve

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. van Schalkwyk ◽  
J. S. Pryke ◽  
M. J. Samways ◽  
R. Gaigher
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Induced Changes

Abstract To ensure integrity of protected areas we need to understand how species respond to anthropogenic borders. We investigate, from a metacommunity perspective, the direct and indirect mechanisms by which transformed areas affect distribution patterns of ground-living arthropod assemblages inhabiting an extensive protected area adjacent to fruit orchards in an important biosphere reserve. Arthropods and environmental variables were sampled along transects perpendicular to natural-orchard edges. Influence of distance from orchard boundary, degree of impermeability of the boundary, orchard habitat quality (local scale land-use intensity), and edge-induced changes in local environmental variables on arthropod species richness and composition in non-crop habitats were assessed. Arthropod groups were assessed in terms of habitat fidelity: species associated with natural habitat (stenotopic species), those within crop habitat (cultural species), and those showing no preference for either habitat (ubiquitous species). Spillover resulted in higher cultural species richness near edges, but not higher overall species richness. Environmental filtering was important for stenotopic species composition, which was influenced by edge-induced changes in environmental variables. Ubiquitous species composition was determined by orchard impermeability. Increased orchard habitat quality was associated with higher cultural and ubiquitous species richness. The effects of orchards on assemblages in natural habitats can be variable, but predictable when using species habitat specificity in conjunction with a metacommunity framework. High intensity orchards may act as sink habitats, especially for species that readily disperse between crop and natural habitats. Here we recommend that local buffer strips are > 85 m wide, which will reduce the influence of cultural species spillover on sensitive natural ecosystems.

scholarly journals Βenthic hydrozoan assemblages as potential indicators of environmental health in a Μediterranean Μarine protected area

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
IZZET NOYAN YILMAZ ◽  
LUIS MARTELL ◽  
NUR EDA TOPCU ◽  
MELEK ISINIBILIR
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
The Comparative Study

The comparative study of marine benthic hydrozoan assemblages can improve our understanding of environmental and ecological conditions in marine protected areas (MPAs) such as the large Mediterranean MPA of Datça-Bozburun, where important prospects for future intensive tourism development exist. The analysis of such assemblages may help managers detect changes in important parameters of ecosystem health within this MPA. In this study we compared the hydrozoan assemblages occurring on hard (rocky) and soft (Posidonia meadows) bottoms from stations belonging to three different conditions: i) small marinas (medium anthropogenic impact), ii) yacht stopovers (low impact), and iii) unspoiled sites (no impact) in the southern part of the Datça Peninsula during summer and winter 2015 and 2016. Significant differences in the structure, species composition and richness of benthic hydrozoans among the sampling sites were detected. In both seasons, hydroid assemblages in medium-impact sites significantly differed from little-impact and no-impact sites in terms of qualitative composition. Large structural species were widely represented in all hard-bottomed sampling sites, but small inconspicuous taxa with diverse life histories were much less abundant at the medium impacted sites. Species richness and diversity in Posidonia meadows was much higher in little- and no-impact sites, where highly specific hydroid epibionts were abundant.

scholarly journals Diversity Patterns of Different Life Forms of Plants along an Elevational Gradient in Crete, Greece

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lazarina ◽  
Athanasios Charalampopoulos ◽  
Maria Psaralexi ◽  
Nikos Krigas ◽  
Danai-Eleni Michailidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Species Pool ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Α Diversity

Elevational gradients provide a unique opportunity to explore species responses to changing environmental conditions. Here, we focus on an elevational gradient in Crete, a climate-vulnerable Mediterranean plant biodiversity hotspot and explore the diversity patterns and underlying mechanisms of different plant life forms. We found that the significant differences in life forms’ elevational and environmental ranges are reflected in α- diversity (species richness at local scale), γ-diversity (species richness at regional scale) and β-diversity (variation in species composition). The α- and γ-diversity decreased with elevation, while β-diversity followed a hump-shaped relationship, with the peak varying between life forms. However, β-deviation (deviation from null expectations) varied significantly with elevation but was life formindependent. This suggests that species composition is shaped by the size of the available species pool which depends on life form, but also by other deterministic or stochastic processes that act in a similar way for different life forms. The strength of these processes varies with elevation, with hotter–drier conditions and increased human activities filtering species composition at lowlands and large-scale processes determining the species pool size overriding local ecological processes at higher elevations.

Mite fauna associated with Cecropia pachystachya Trec. (Urticaceae)—the importance of the plant as reservoir and dissemination means for predatory mites

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1780
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Lofego ◽  
Jose Marcos Rezende ◽  
Peterson Rodrigo Demite ◽  
Reinaldo Jose Fazzio Feres
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Pioneer Plants ◽  
Pioneer Plant ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Northwest Region

Cecropia pachystachya Trec. (Urticaceae) is a common pioneer plant from South America, which is found on both degraded and preserved environments. Pioneer plants are able to disperse into agricultural environments and to introduce species of mites different from those present amongst the cultivated plants. This study evaluated the mite fauna present on plants of C. pachystachya associated with 18 forest fragment sites in the Northwest region of the state of São Paulo, a region where only 3% of the native vegetation is preserved. High species richness (82 species) and abundance (3,631 specimens) of mites were recorded on the plants, with high variation in species composition among the sites sampled. Regardless the species composition, most of the sites showed predominance of species considered predators, indicating that C. pachystachya provides some type of food for these mites. The data obtained in the study suggest that this plant can be an important reservoir of predatory mites and could facilitate their dissemination from preserved environments to degraded areas or crops.

scholarly journals ANURANS FROM BARRA DE LA LAGUNA DE ROCHA (ROCHA, URUGUAY)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Gisela Pereira ◽  
Ernesto Elgue ◽  
Raúl Maneyro
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
New Records ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Conservation Unit ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Future Studies

We present a list of amphibian species from the protected area Barra de la Laguna de Rocha (BLR), Uruguay. Fifteen monthly three-day field trips were performed between September 2011 and March 2013. During each field trip, active searches of individuals and auditive samplings were performed at seven selected sites. We recorded 19 species of amphibians belonging to five families: Bufonidae (4 especies), Hylidae (5), Leptodactylidae (7), Microhylidae (1) y Odontophrynidae (2). Comparing these data with historical records (obtained from cientific collections and literature), eight species represented new records for the study site. The species richness in the area represents 39.6% of the total richness recorded for Uruguay. We highlight the presence of Melanophryniscus montevidensis (Philippi 1902), a locally and globally threatened species. Information on BLR's amphibian species composition could help in the implementation of the management plan for this conservation unit, as well as to stimulate future studies in the area.

Diversity and Species Composition of Family Hypnaceae (Bryophyta) at Pachmarhi Sanctuary (India)

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-351
Author(s):  
Reesa Gupta ◽  
◽  
Virendra Nath ◽  
Neerja Pande ◽  
A.K. Asthana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Central India ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
Wet Rocks ◽  
Species Being

The present study elucidates the current status of moss family Hypnaceae in Pachmarhi Sanctuary that is part of the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve (PBR). On taxonomic assessment, Hypnaceae emerged as one of the dominant families of the Sanctuary with seven genera and 12 species being present. The diversity and species composition of the taxa was assessed on six selected habitats viz., soil, dry rocks, wet rocks, soil covered rocks, stony walls and stem bark (epiphytic). These mosses have been mostly encountered from terrestrial habitats. The species composition across the habitats was much dissimilar indicating towards higher diversity of the family at PBR. Presently, Ectropothecium cyperoides (Hook.) A. Jaeger, Ectropothecium rostellatum (Mitt.) A. Jaeger, Isopterygium assamicum (Mitt.) A. Jaeger, and Hypnum plumaeforme Wils. are new additions to the moss flora of central India.

scholarly journals Anuran species composition of Cancão Municipal Natural Park, Municipality of Serra do Navio, Amapá state, Brazil

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
pp. 131-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Breno Silva e Silva ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Costa-Campos
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
New Records ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Red Lists ◽  
Anuran Species ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Considerable Portion ◽  
Data Deficient

In this study, the first survey of anuran species in the Cancão Municipal Natural Park is presented, a protected area of approximately 370 hectares of Amazonian forest located in the northwest center region of the state of Amapá, Brazil. The work was performed during the dry and rainy season, through active visual and auditory survey, totaling 216 man hours of sampling effort. Forty-nine species of anuran amphibians were recorded in the Cancão Municipal Natural Park, including three new records:Hyalinobatrachiumiaspidiense, Pristimantiscf.ockendeni, andScinaxgarbei. Three species,Hyalinobatrachiumiaspidiense,Ameeregapulchripecta, andAnomaloglossusbaeobatrachus, are listed as Data Deficient and one is listed as Vulnerable (Atelopushoogmoedi) according red lists of IUCN. The rarefaction curve cumulative species did not reach an asymptote, indicating that site has potential for species that have not yet been recorded. Nine species were represented by only one individual and were considered rare in the studied environments, eight species were defined as common, and the 32 remaining species were classified as having intermediary abundance. Our data indicated that Cancão Municipal Natural Park contains a considerable portion of the anurans species richness of Amapá state, turn the area into a place of great importance for the conservation of the anurans of the Eastern Amazon.

Assemblage Patterns of Hymenoptera at Different Elevations of Gunung Datuk, Rembau

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Nasuha Abd Aziz ◽  
Siti Khairiyah Mohd Hatta ◽  
Idris Abd Ghani ◽  
Saiyid Jalaluddin Saiyid Shaifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Index Site ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Malaise Traps

A study on abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera was conducted in Gunung Datuk, Rembau. Samplings were conducted from November 2014 to February 2015 using six Malaise traps. Three traps were placed at Site 1 at 700m height for high elevation and the remaining traps were placed at Site 2 at 200m height for low elevation. A total number of 221 Hymenopteran were collected which consist of nine families namely Ichneumonidae, Formicidae, Braconidae, Bethylidae, Evaniidae, Tiphiidae, Vespidae, Pompilidae and Apidae. In this study, 93 individuals were obtained from Site 1, comprising nine families and 43 morphospecies while 127 individuals were obtained from Site 2 with nine families and 45 morphospecies. Formicidae was the most dominant family collected from both sites with a total of 104 individuals while the least family recorded was Apidae with only one individual. Shannon’s Weiner Diversity Index (H’) showed Site 1 had the higher diversity value with H’ = 3.17 compared to Site 2 with value H’ = 3.12. For Evenness Index, Site 1 had higher value compared to Site 2 with E’ = 0.84 and E’ = 0.82 respectively. Moreover, for Margalef Richness Index, Site 1 recorded R’ = 9.24 while site two recorded R’ = 9.08 which concluded that Site 1 had higher species richness compared to Site 2. Paired t-test showed that both sites had no significant difference with p>0.05. Overall study showed that the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera in Gunung Datuk were low since the value of H’ is less than 3.50.

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