scholarly journals Effects of increased concentrations of chloride on the expression of Mn-SOD enzyme in tobacco

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Akbar Norastehnia ◽  
Parvaneh SHEYDAEI
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Manganese Superoxide ◽  
System Activation

<p>Chlorine is one of the ions contributing to salinity, despite being an essential micronutrient. Cl<sup>-</sup> absorption takes place more easily than other nutrients so, the toxic effects of chlorine on the growth has considered rather than its scarcity. Salt stress can ultimately leads to oxidative stress through ROS increase and antioxidant defense system is induced. Therefore, in this study the effect of different concentration of chlorine in irrigation water on the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase was investigated as an indicator of antioxidant defense system activation. Seedlings of tobacco were treated with different concentrations, i.e. 2, 4, 8 mM of CaCl<sub>2</sub>. Evaluation of Mn-SOD isoenzyme gene expression was performed using RT-qPCR (quantitative reverse transcription PCR) at 0, 3, 6 and 12 hours after treatment. The results showed Mn-SOD gene transcription increased after 3 h treatment with 8 mM CaCl<sub>2</sub> and peaked at 6 hours. Based on the observed changes, concentrations of calcium chloride greater than 8 mM in water used for irrigation of tobacco causes stress that results in activation of antioxidant response.</p>

scholarly journals Cryptococcus neoformans Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase: an Essential Link between Antioxidant Function and High-Temperature Growth

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven S. Giles ◽  
Ines Batinić-Haberle ◽  
John R. Perfect ◽  
Gary M. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Manganese Superoxide

ABSTRACT Manganese superoxide dismutase is an essential component of the mitochondrial antioxidant defense system of most eukaryotes. In the present study, we used a reverse-genetics approach to assess the contribution of the Cryptococcus neoformans manganese superoxide dismutase (Sod2) for antioxidant defense. Strains with mutations in the SOD2 gene exhibited increased susceptibility to oxidative stress as well as poor growth at elevated temperatures compared to isogenic wild-type strains. The sod2Δ mutants were also avirulent in a murine model of inhaled cryptococcosis. Reconstitution of a sod2Δ mutant restored Sod2 activity, eliminated the oxidative stress and temperature-sensitive (ts) phenotypes, and complemented the virulence phenotype. Characterization of the ts phenotype revealed a dependency between Sod2 antioxidant activity and the ability of C. neoformans cells to adapt to growth at elevated temperatures. The ts phenotype could be suppressed by the addition of either ascorbic acid (10 mM) or Mn salen (200 μM) at 30°C, but not at 37°C. Furthermore, sod2Δ mutant cells that were incubated for 24 h at 37°C under anaerobic, but not aerobic, conditions were viable when shifted to the permissive conditions of 25°C in the presence of air. These data suggest that the C. neoformans Sod2 is a major component of the antioxidant defense system in this human fungal pathogen and that adaptation to growth at elevated temperatures is also dependent on Sod2 activity.

scholarly journals ACTIVITY OF MITOCHONDRIAL ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEM IN YOUNG PATIENTS WITH GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-167
Author(s):  
Olga Kovalyova ◽  
Tamara Pasiieshvili
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Manganese Superoxide

Background. Despite numerous studies, the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease remains unclear. Aim of research: assessment the activity of antioxidant defense system in young patients with GERD based on expression of biomarker associated with mitochondrial function. Material and methods. The study included 45 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. The examined contingent was presented by students age from 18 to 25 years. 20 healthy persons were included as control group. Levels of manganese superoxide dismutase were determined in blood serum of study persons with enzyme immunoassays (ELISA, Elabscience, USA). Statistical data processing by the Statistica Basic Academic 13 for Windows En local was made. Results. Gastroesophageal reflux disease in young patients is characterized by significantly increasing of manganese superoxide dismutase as compare to control group (7.1700 ng/ml vs 4.4720 ng/ml respectively, p<0.01). Presence of erosion in esophagus mucous doesn't accompanied by significant changes of evaluated parameter as compare with non-erosion form of disease in patients. Conclusion. The elevation in young patients with GERD the biomarker of mitohondrial antioxidant defense system we may speculate as adaptive response contributing to non-specific citoprotection. Taking to account the publishing facts about dual role of manganese superoxide dismutase it is necessary to monitoring antioxidant enzyme in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease for prediction of possible complications and outcome.

scholarly journals NR4A3 is oxidative stress responsible transcription factor through HMOX1, and also controls cell cycle through CCNE1 and CDK2 in pancreatic islet derived 1.1B4 cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoko Nakayama ◽  
Etsuko Ueta ◽  
Mitsuru Yoshida ◽  
Yuri Shimizu ◽  
Reiko Oguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Orphan Receptor ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Oxidative Condition

The mechanism of antioxidant defense system is still controversial. As islet β-cell is weak in oxidative condition, that causes diabetes mellitus, therefore, antioxidant defense system of human pancreatic islet derived 1.1B4 cell was analyzed. Cells were exposed to H2O2 and comprehensive gene expression was analyzed by Agilent human microarray. HMOX1 and NR4A3, member of orphan receptor, were up-regulated. Therefore, NR4A3 was knocked down with siRNA, then analyzed gene expression by microarray, and found that the knocked down cells were weak in oxidative stress. HMOX1 expression was strongly inhibited by siRNA of NR4A3, and NR4A3 responsible sequence of aaggtca was found near the HMOX1 gene, suggesting NR4A3 is oxidative stress responsible transcription factor through HMOX1 expression. The expression of CCNE1 and CDK2 was also inhibited by knocked down of NR4A3, it is suggested NR4A3 is also important transcription factor for cell growth regulation.

scholarly journals Activation of antioxidant and detoxification gene expression in cucumber plants exposed to a Cu(OH)2nanopesticide

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 1750-1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Zhao ◽  
Qirui Hu ◽  
Yuxiong Huang ◽  
Aaron N. Fulton ◽  
Cameron Hannah-Bick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Detoxification Gene

A Cu(OH)2nanopesticide induced oxidative stress and activated the antioxidant defense system in cucumber plants.

Skeletal muscle uncoupling-induced longevity in mice is linked to increased substrate metabolism and induction of the endogenous antioxidant defense system

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (5) ◽  
pp. E495-E506 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Keipert ◽  
M. Ost ◽  
A. Chadt ◽  
A. Voigt ◽  
V. Ayala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Redox Signaling ◽  
Defense System ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Substrate Metabolism ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Ectopic expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in skeletal muscle (SM) mitochondria increases lifespan considerably in high-fat diet-fed UCP1 Tg mice compared with wild types (WT). To clarify the underlying mechanisms, we investigated substrate metabolism as well as oxidative stress damage and antioxidant defense in SM of low-fat- and high-fat-fed mice. Tg mice showed an increased protein expression of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase, markers of lipid turnover (p-ACC, FAT/CD36), and an increased SM ex vivo fatty acid oxidation. Surprisingly, UCP1 Tg mice showed elevated lipid peroxidative protein modifications with no changes in glycoxidation or direct protein oxidation. This was paralleled by an induction of catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, an increased redox signaling (MAPK signaling pathway), and increased expression of stress-protective heat shock protein 25. We conclude that increased skeletal muscle mitochondrial uncoupling in vivo does not reduce the oxidative stress status in the muscle cell. Moreover, it increases lipid metabolism and reactive lipid-derived carbonyls. This stress induction in turn increases the endogenous antioxidant defense system and redox signaling. Altogether, our data argue for an adaptive role of reactive species as essential signaling molecules for health and longevity.

Impact of seasonally frozen soil on germinability and antioxidant enzyme activity of Picea asperata seeds

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihong Qin ◽  
Qing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Subalpine Zone ◽  
Picea Asperata

In the subalpine zone of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau of China, Dragon spruce (Picea asperata Mast.) is commonly used for reforestation. The aim of the present work was to study the effects of seasonally frozen soil on the germination of P. asperata seeds and to investigate whether these effects were associated with resumption of the antioxidant defense system. The nonfrozen treatment resulted in near failure of germination (1%) and was associated with relatively high levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and low activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxide (APX). Germination of P. asperata seeds at 10 cm under the seasonally frozen soil was higher than that at 5 cm by 26%; this higher germination rate was associated with the recovery of SOD, CAT, and APX activities. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in seeds from seasonally frozen treatments were higher than those in the nonfrozen treatment, implying greater lipid peroxidation and that frozen seeds might have suffered from oxidative stress. The results indicate that seasonally frozen soil facilitated the germination of P. asperata seeds and that germination was closely related to the resumption of antioxidant enzymes activity. Overall, these findings suggest that the disappearance of seasonally frozen ground caused by global warming might result in failure of regeneration of P. asperata.

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