scholarly journals The Role of Ethnobiology in Responding to Current Problems in the Management of Biological Resources and Ecosystems in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 508-525
Author(s):  
Yohanes Purwanto

ABSTRACT Ethnobiology is defined as the scientific study of the cultural knowledge possessed by various communities. It is also related to the techniques used in the management of biological resources, and the position of those communities in their cosmic cultural vision. This study discusses the role of development and perspectives of ethnobiology in Indonesia for managing the diversity of biological resources and their ecosystems sustainably. The results of ethnobiological studies can describe the problems, potentials, and opportunities to develop the diversity of biological natural resources and their ecosystems as a source of life for the community in a sustainable manner. The current problems faced in the management of biological resources are socio-culture, limitations and disregard for science and technology, weak institutions, inability to arrange spatial planning, inaccurate determination of development priorities, misperceptions and misconception about biodiversity, policy fragmentation and inability to manage biological resources, enforcement of certification, and climate change. Therefore, ethnobiological studies must be able to reveal the benefits and potentials of biological resources and their ecosystem and provide a foundation for the management and advancement of biodiversity sustainably to increase national prosperity and development.   Keywords: Ethnobiology, Biodiversity, Management, Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Ida Kurnia

Indonesia is bordered by 10 countries, one of which is Palau. Indonesia has the right to the living natural resources in EEZ. As for the width of the EEZ a country can claim up to 200 miles. If the EEZ overlaps with other countries, one of which is Indonesia and Palau, namely using the principle of justice and followed up by making an agreement on the boundaries jurisdiction area. The goal is to have arrangements in use that are believed to be able to maintain the sustainability of living resources based on an agreement. The results show that the clarity of Indonesia's maritime boundaries has an impact on the use of its natural resources. The clarity of maritime boundaries provides the welfare of the Indonesian people, so it can be concluded that the determination of maritime boundaries between Indonesia and Palau will be sought immediately by referring to regulations and success in practices that have been carried out by Indonesia. While the determination of territorial boundaries has not reached an agreement or agreement that is final in nature, both Indonesia and Palau are obliged to follow dispute resolution procedures, according to Chapter XV UNCLOS 1982. UNCLOS 1982 also provides favorable arrangements for the parties concerned, namely during the waiting period / effort. in reaching the final arrangement, especially the regulation of biological resources in the border area, the biological resources can be utilized by implementing temporary arrangements. The research method used is the normative method by examining the related rules. Negara Indonesia berbatasan dengan 10 negara, salah satunya dengan Palau. Perbatasan maritim di ZEE Indonesia, Indonesia mempunyai hak atas sumber daya alam hayati yang terdapat di dalamnya. Adapun lebar ZEE suatu negara dapat mengklaim sampai 200 mil. Namun apabila wilayah yurisdiksi dalam hal ini ZEE tumpang tindih dengan negara lain, salah satunya Indonesia dengan Palau, maka harus dibagi sesuai ketentuan yang diatur dalam UNCLOS 1982, yaitu menggunakan prinsip keadilan dan ditindaklanjuti dengan membuat perjanjian tentang batas wilayah yurisdiksi. Tujuannya adalah adanya pengaturan dalam pemanfaatan yang diyakini dapat menjaga keberlanjutan sumber daya hayati yang didasarkan pada perjanjian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kejelasan batas wilayah maritim Indonesia berimbas pada pemanfaatan sumber daya alamnya. Kejelasan batas maritim memberikan kesejahteraan rakyat Indonesia, maka dapat disimpulkan penetapan batas maritim antara Indonesia dengan Palau segera diupayakan dengan mengacu pada peraturan dan keberhasilan dalam praktik-praktik yang telah dilakukan oleh Indonesia.  Sementara penentuan batas wilayah belum tercapai kata sepakat atau perjanjian yang sifatnya final, baik Indonesia maupun Palau, wajib mengikuti prosedur penyelesaian sengketa, sesuai Bab XV UNCLOS 1982. UNCLOS 1982 juga memberikan pengaturan yang menguntungkan bagi pihak-pihak terkait, yaitu dalam masa tunggu/upaya dalam mencapai pengaturan final, terutama pengaturan sumber daya hayati di wilayah perbatasan tersebut, maka sumber daya hayati dapat dimanfaatkan dengan dilakukan pengaturan sementara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode normatif dengan mengkaji aturan-aturan yang terkait.


Author(s):  
Vesna Popović ◽  
Vladan Ugrenović

Studying the future of food and farming, scientists have called for sustainable intensification to simultaneously raise yields and increase efficiency in the use of inputs and reduce the negative environmental effects of food production. Sustainable intensification requires sustainable agricultural techniques such as improved water management practices that result in higher, stabilized, and diversified agricultural production, and greater resilience to climate change without the deterioration of natural resources and the environment. This chapter is devoted to the role of irrigation development in Serbian agriculture and its contribution to the development of the green economy in the Republic of Serbia.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Ledda ◽  
Elisabetta Di Cesare ◽  
Giovanni Satta ◽  
Gianluca Cocco ◽  
Giovanna Calia ◽  
...  

Adaptation to climate change means adjustment of human and natural systems to climatic actual or expected events, in order to minimize damage or maximize benefit. Adaptation implies involvement, coordination, and cooperation of different actors and sectors. Multi-actor collaboration usually characterizes the drafting of regional plans, which act as bridges between national and local administrative levels. Regional administrations address resilience issues, through spatial planning processes. This study focuses on the regional plans adopted by the Autonomous Region of Sardinia (Italy), south European Mediterranean region, an area that will be negatively affected by climate change in the coming decades. We aim at proposing a method for scrutinizing regional plans related to spatial planning issues, by using criteria rooted in the scientific literature and adaptation strategies. We found out that (i) the scientific literature did not sufficiently address the role of regional plans in the context of adaptation to climate change and (ii) the method proposed and applied in this study highlights whether some key adaptation issues are included in the plans, and might make aware planners and policy makers of basic information concerning the interplay ‘regional planning vs. adaptation to climate change’.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4456
Author(s):  
Elisavet Thoidou

The growing interest in climate change and related risks has triggered efforts to address both its causes and impact. Climate action is mainstreamed in various public policies in which spatial planning has a key role and operates as a coordinating framework as well as one that enables specific interventions. At the same time, land, an indispensable element of spatial planning, is gaining attention as a natural resource that is closely related to climate change. Increasing need for land protection raises the need for a renewed role of spatial planning of all types and levels. This paper examines issues of land protection related to climate change in a peri-urban area of the Thessaloniki metropolitan area in Greece and seeks to identify how the types of spatial planning contribute to land protection. It is argued that when viewing land protection from a climate adaptation perspective, a renewed relationship between the types and levels of spatial planning that demands emphasis be placed on their cooperation and the enabling of novel approaches such as nature-based solutions becomes apparent.


Author(s):  
Douglas de Castro

The need to deal with anthropogenic effects over the environment surfaced in the 1960´s mainly due to accidents all over the world with severe impacts on the environment. Therefore, International Environmental Law gained traction and international institutions legitimacy based on the universality of the formation of International Law and the objectivity and neutrality of the science, generating essential exclusions and implication for Global South countries. As colonial domination as part of the imperial projects ceased with the recognition of the sovereignty and self-determination of nations, a new form of granting access to natural resources was necessary. In this study, we argue that International Law and Institutions are proxies of the old ways of imperialism and colonial venture by imposing legal obligations and standard practices to countries disregarding their own experiences, cultures, and values, which has in the principle of prior consultation and its derivatives the most representative stance. As such, the study relies on TWAIL and Elite Theory to unveils the role of International Law and local elites to legitimize the domination and exclusion.


2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (No 1) ◽  
pp. 159-172
Author(s):  
Nosheen Khaskhelly ◽  
Shuhabuddin Mughal ◽  
Erum Khushnood

The climate change is universal phenomenon, its severe impact can be clearly observed in poor countries having mainly dependence on natural resources and having limited coping strategies for extreme climate change. Given the role of women in society, they tend to face more damages in terms of reduction in their income level, saving pattern and the level of education in disaster prone areas. This article examines the impact of disaster on women. The data for study is collected through questionnaire from district Badin of Sindh province. The findings of study revealed that income level of household is affected after disaster, and households who were low at saving pattern are affected more than households with high savings. To combat the impact of disaster on women the government should initiate awareness drive to respond the disaster related vulnerabilities.


2017 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.M. Adams ◽  
J.G. Álvarez-Romero ◽  
S.J. Capon ◽  
G.M. Crowley ◽  
A.P. Dale ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C. Hurlimann ◽  
Alan P. March

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