scholarly journals The Development of the Russian Legal System after the “Accession” of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 175-197
Author(s):  
Natalia Cwicinskaja
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Federal Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic

On March 18 2014, the Republic of Crimea became a federal subject of the Russian Federation and the Ukrainian legal system was changed to the Russian system. The transition period was set to end on January 1 2015. This transition period was characterized by the fact that the law was created on a day-to-day basis, and as the residents of Crimea were unfamiliar with Russian law they found themselves in a legal vacuum. Laws were adopted in an urgent manner to ensure that the unification was as smooth as possible. In practice it became apparent that the allocated time was not sufficient, and the transition period was extended in some areas. The Article presents a review of the accession procedure and the legal regulations established in the Republic of Crimea during the transition period, and identifies some issues which have arisen.

scholarly journals ОСОБЕННОСТИ ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИИ СВОБОДЫ В КОДЕКСЕ КАК ЯДЕРНОМ ЖАНРЕ ДИСКУРСА ПРАВОВОГО ДОКУМЕНТА

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya Nazemtseva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Legal Document ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
World Image ◽  
Selection Of

Введение. Проведен анализ репрезентации концепта свобода в кодексе как ядерном жанре дискурса правового документа. Цель – выявить специфику реализации концепта свобода, заданную модусно-диктумной организацией правового дискурса и спецификой кодекса как его ядерного жанра. Материал и методы. Материалом исследования являются кодексы РФ, а именно Семейный, Трудовой, Жилищный, Гражданский и Уголовный. Выборка материала обусловлена ядерным статусом кодекса в правовом тексте. Являясь одним из основных документов правового дискурса, кодекс наряду с Конституцией РФ отражает основы права. Свобода как ключевой концепт русской культуры по-особому репрезентируется в правовом дискурсе. Методология представлена дискурс- и концепт-анализом: дискурсивные и жанровые особенности определяются с позиции кодекса в жанровой системе правового дискурса, свобода анализируется через сравнение данного концепта в системе русской языковой картины мира в целом (на материале уже проведенных исследований) с правовым дискурсом в частности. Результаты и обсуждение. Обнаружено, что концепт свобода, в отличие от его обыденного представления в русской языковой картине мира, имеет особую небинарную специфику и трансформируется с помощью закона. В обыденном сознании существует оппозиция свобода (воля) / несвобода, в кодексе свобода реализуется посредством разрешительного (то, что можно делать в рамках закона), запретительного модуса (то, что уголовно наказуемо и предписано через несвободу, т. е. арест), а также модуса долженствования (то, что по закону должно быть совершено). Кроме того, свобода в кодексах определяется их тематической сферой: существует свобода семейных, трудовых, жилищных, гражданских и др. отношений. В оппозиции находится то, что делать запрещено и гарантирует несвободу (представлено Уголовным кодексом). Заключение. Свобода в дискурсе правового документа – официально зафиксированная возможность человека действовать в рамках закона. Кодекс как ядерный жанр правового дискурса осуществляет преобразование концепта посредством его модусно-диктумной модификации. В результате определяющим средством для реализации концепта свобода является закон, а также основные концепты каждого выбранного кодекса – семья, труд, жилище, гражданин, наказание.Introduction. The research explored representation of the concept freedom in the Сode as a nuclear genre of legal document discourse. Aim and objectives of the article are to identify the specifics of implementation of the concept freedom, defined by modus-dictum organization of legal discourse and the specifics of the Code as its nuclear genre. Material and methods. The research material consists of the Codes of the Russian Federation, which are Family, Labour, Housing, Civil, and Criminal Сodes. The selection of material is determined in accordance with the nuclear status of this genre in legal text. Being one of the main documents of legal discourse, the Code as well as the Constitution of the Russian Federation, reflects the foundations of Russian law. Freedom, as a key concept of Russian culture, is specifically represented in legal discourse. The methodology includes discourse and concept analysis: we observe discursive and genre features from the position of the Code in genre system of legal discourse. Freedom is analyzed through comparing this concept in the system of Russian linguistic world-image on the whole (based on material from studies already conducted) with legal discourse in particular. Results and discussion. We found that the concept freedom, in contrast to its common representation in Russian linguistic world-image, has a particular non-binary specificity and is transformed through the law. In everyday language, there is an opposition freedom (will)/unfreedom, and in the Code freedom is realized through a permissive (what can be done within the framework of the law), prohibitive modus (what is criminally punishable and prescribed through unfreedom, i.e. arrest), and a modus of obligation (what is required to be done by law). In addition, freedom in the Codes is influenced by their thematic sphere: there are freedom of family, labour, housing, and civil relationships. In opposition is what is prohibited to do and guarantees unfreedom (represented by the Criminal Code). Conclusion. Freedom in the legal document discourse is an officially recorded ability of a person to operate within the confines of the law. The Code as a nuclear genre of legal discourse transforms the concept through its modus-dictum modification. As a result, pivotal for the implementation of the concept freedom is the law, as well as the basic concepts of each selected Code – family, labour, housing, citizen, and punishment.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAWS OF RUSSIA AND THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN AIMED AT THE SEARCH FOR A WAY TO IMPROVE THE INSTITUTION OF SUSPICION

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Olga S. Polikarpova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Criminal Procedure Law ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Law ◽  
The Republic

The relevance of the article is due to the imperfection of the criminal procedure law of the Russian Federation in terms of the institution of suspicion. The author examines the distinctive features of the provisions of Russian law and the criminal procedure law of the Republic of Kazakhstan relating directly to the institution of suspicion and, in order to minimize permissible for criminal proceedings under Russian law, procedural violations, attention is drawn to the possibility of improving the reporting Institute by reforming criminal procedure law of the Russian Federation as a whole with a focus on the introduced in the criminal procedural legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan the criminal procedural model.

scholarly journals Application of the Principle of Increased Tolerance of Public Persons to Criticism Addressed to Them in the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
E. V. Loos
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
European Court ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Official Status

The article discusses the legal and philosophical aspects of the application in the Russian Federation of the principle of increased tolerance of public persons to criticism addressed to them established by the European Court of Human Rights. The author believes that the principle in question contradicts Article 19 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation that guarantees equality of human and civil rights and freedoms regardless of property and official status, membership in public associations, as well as other circumstances. The author has questioned the appropriateness of the introduction of the principle of increased tolerance in Russian law enforcement practice, since it does not contribute to the realization of the “spirit of the law,” while leading to unnecessary accumulation of the law. It is noted that the question of the balance between the right to freedom of expression and opinion and the right to protection of the honour and dignity of the person in the process of criticism of public persons and their activities cannot be settled exhaustively in the legislation as it affects the sphere of morality.

scholarly journals LAW-REGULATING POTENTIAL OF THE RESOLUTION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION NO. 44-П AS OF DECEMBER 6, 2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 212-216
Author(s):  
Ella Z. Dzhamil’
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Discretionary Powers

Every decision of the constitutional Court of the Russian Federation attracts the closest attention of the legal community, as it affects a wide range of public relations and the development of law in general. There is therefore no surprise about the interest in the Decision of the constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, on the 6th of December, 2018, No. 44-П adopted on business about check of constitutionality of the Law of the Republic of Ingushetia «On approval of the Agreement on the establishment of the border between the Republic of Ingushetia and the Chechen Republic» and the agreement on the establishment of the border between the Republic of Ingushetia and the Chechen Republic in connection with the request of the Head of Ingushetia, which marks another stage in the development of federalism in Russia. The conclusions formulated in this judgement clarify the competence of the Federation Council in terms of establishing the boundaries of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which explains the issues related to the referendum and to identifi cation of the views of the population of the respective municipalities when such a demarcation takes place, and defi nition of the limits of the discretionary powers of the constitutional (Charter) courts of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, in terms of blocking laws of the subjects. At the same time, many of the legal positions expressed by the Court appear to be at least controversial and need adequate refl ection.

scholarly journals The Content of Recovering and Compensating the Harm Caused by the Crime under the Legislation of the Russian Federation and Germany

Lex Russica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136-145
Author(s):  
Ya. M. Ploshkina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
German Law ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Institution ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Injured Person ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Law ◽  
The Law

The paper examines the concept of recovery of harm caused by the crime under Russian law in comparison with the concept of compensation for harm under German law. The results of the comparative legal study represent characteristics of the legal regulation and disclosure of the content of recovery and compensation for harm caused by a crime under the legislation of the Russian Federation and Germany, as well as the problems related to restrictions associated with compensation of harm in a narrow sense and recovery of harm under German Law. In Germany, the law provides for the legal institution of compensation of harm to the injured person by the person who committed a criminal act, which envisages its comprehensive legal regulation in specific provisions of criminal and criminal procedure laws. Legal regulation of recovery of harm in the Russian Federation is still unsettled due to the fact that recovery of harm is a mandatory element of various legal institutions (for example, termination of the criminal case due to active repentance, reconciliation of the parties, imposition of a judicial fine or circumstances mitigating the sentence, etc.). To determine the content of the harm caused by the crime, it is necessary to refer not only to the text of the law, but also to the legal acts of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation with due regard to the article defining the contents of recovery of harm caused by the crime. Under German law, compensation for the injured person by a person who committed a criminal act is used in two senses: narrow and broad ones, including recovery. The paper presents the criteria that allow us to limit these forms of response to the crime committed, as well as the content of compensation for harm in a broad sense.

scholarly journals DIGITAL FINANCIAL ASSETS: INTERNATIONAL APPROACHES TO REGULATION AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON RUSSIAN LAW

Banking law ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 63-75
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Shamraev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Digital Currency ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Law ◽  
The Law

This paper reviews the international approaches to regulation of digital financial assets and their influence on the Federal law of July 31, 2020 No. 259-FZ “On digital financial assets, digital currency and about modification of separate acts of the Russian Federation” (further — the Law on DFA).

scholarly journals Main Trends in the Development of Russian Law on Non-Profit Organizations

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-103
Author(s):  
A. Avtonomov ◽  
V. Grib
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

The article is a comparative study of legal regulation on non-profits in the Russian Federation by federal law, including the Constitution, federal statutes, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, resolutions of the Government and Constitutional Court rulings in connection with certain international legal acts dealing with the right to association, and by the law of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The main stages of the development of the law on non-profits both at the federal level and at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as the main trends in the development of non-profit law in modern Russia, are explored.

Re Review of Constitutionality of the Treaty between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Crimea on the Accession of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation and on Forming New Constituent Entities within the Russian Federation that has Not Entered into Legal Force

2021 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 374-386
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Vienna Convention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Constitutional Review ◽  
Treaty Provision ◽  
Federal Constitutional ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic

374Treaties — Ratification — Application — Treaty between Russia and Republic of Crimea on the Accession of the Republic of Crimea to Russia and on Forming New Constituent Entities within the Russian Federation, 2014 — Treaty not yet in force — Constitutional review of treaty as a prerequisite for ratification — Ratification necessary before international treaty can enter into force — Signature of Treaty by Russian President — Date of entry into force — Whether Treaty can be applied before entry into force — Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969 — Procedure for signature, conclusion and enactment of Crimea Accession Treaty — Treaty provision content — Whether compatible with Constitution of Russian FederationRelationship of international law and municipal law — Treaties — Signature — Ratification — Application — Treaty between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Crimea on the Accession of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation and on Forming New Constituent Entities within the Russian Federation, 2014 — Compatibility with Constitution of Russian Federation — Constitutional review of Treaty prerequisite for ratification — Article 128(3) of Constitution — Federal Constitutional Law on the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation — Federal Constitutional Law on Accession to the Russian Federation and Establishment of a New Constituent Entity within the Russian Federation — Whether Treaty can be applied before entry into force — Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969 — Procedure for signature, conclusion and enactment of Crimea Accession Treaty — Treaty provision content — Whether compatible with Constitution of Russian Federation — Effect of legal acts in new constituent territories — Integration of Russian legal systemTerritory — Acquisition — Accession — Accession of Republic of Crimea to Russian Federation — New constituent territories — Republic of Crimea — Federal city of Sevastopol — Treaties — Treaty between Russian Federation and Republic of Crimea on the Accession of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation and on Forming New Constituent Entities within the Russian Federation, 2014 — Whether accession carried out in accordance with Constitution of Russian Federation — Whether accession carried out in accordance with Treaty — Whether accession carried out in accordance with federal constitutional laws — Whether 375Treaty compatible with Constitution — Procedure for future accessions — Legal status of constituent territories — Regulation of State border — Integrity and inviolability of Russian territory — Constitutional values — Citizenship — Transition period — Military service — Elections — Effect of legal acts in new constituent territoriesNationality — Citizenship — Stateless persons — Crimea acceding to Russian Federation — New constituent territories of Russian Federation — Republic of Crimea — Federal city of Sevastopol — Ukrainian citizens and resident stateless persons at time of accession — Automatic Russian citizenship — Option to retain existing citizenship — Article 5 of Treaty between Russian Federation and Republic of Crimea on the Accession of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation and on Forming New Constituent Entities within the Russian Federation, 2014 — Whether compatible with Constitution of Russian Federation — The law of the Russian Federation

8 Generally-Recognized Principles and Norms of International Law

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Butler William E
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal System ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
State Practice ◽  
Russian Constitution ◽  
Recent Addition ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Law

This chapter studies the generally-recognized principles and norms of international law as an integral part of the Russian legal system. Most international lawyers would "rank" them higher than mere treaties because they are more fundamental, more universal, perhaps more venerable at least in origin. Indeed, in Article 15(4) of the 1993 Russian Constitution they are enumerated ahead of international treaties of the Russian Federation. However, they become important in Russian law and State practice precisely because they are provided for in Article 15(4) and thus are a comparatively recent addition to the repertoire of rules which Russian institutions, officials, and courts must apply, as a rule in priority over Russian normative legal acts. Chronologically, therefore, they appear in the Russian legal system long after treaties.

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