scholarly journals Audiodescription des arts plastiques. Autoportrait de Dora Maar

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Anna Wendorff
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Visual Disabilities ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Audio Description ◽  
Impaired Person

The article addresses the problem of intersemiotic translation: translating images into words. The first part deals with the issue of image hermeneutics. Following this, eye tracking research is briefly described and museum audio description for the blind and visually impaired is introduced. A case study of Self-portrait of Dora Maar is carried out, highlighting the importance of sight in the artist’s work. The text tries to answer the following questions: Who and using which techniques and strategies should translate images into words for recipients with visual disabilities, so that the translation is satisfactory and adapted to their perception? How to provide a visually impaired person with an aesthetic experience without imposing our own perception of the image on them?

Approaches to Increasing Assertive Behavior and Communication Skills in Blind and Visually Impaired Persons

1986 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 794-798
Author(s):  
Rona L. Harrell ◽  
Felice A. Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Learned Helplessness ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Assertive Behavior ◽  
Structured Intervention ◽  
Impaired Person ◽  
Assertion Training ◽  
Partially Sighted ◽  
Visually Impaired Persons

Many visually impaired individuals are found to be too passive or too aggressive in their social interactions. Lack of assertive behavior is related to the concept of learned helplessness. Components of assertive behavior are described with suggestions for enabling the visually impaired person to develop these skills. The underlying concepts of assertion training are explained along with specific techniques to be utilized in the school or rehabilitative setting. With a structured intervention resulting in improved assertiveness skills, blind or partially sighted individuals can increase their effectiveness in communicating with others and can feel more in control of their lives.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS WRITING FROM DICTATION FOR BLIND AND VISUALLY IMPAIRED STUDENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Ševala Tulumović ◽  
◽  
Branka Eškirović ◽  
Izeta Husić-Đuzić ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Fourth Grade ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Visual Disabilities ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Grammatical Errors ◽  
Visually Impaired Students ◽  
Impaired Children ◽  
Visually Impaired Children

Aim of this research was to get insight into mistakes that occur while blind and visually impaired students, and students with no visual disabilities, when writing by dictation. Respondents sample was consisted of three groups of students: blind (N = 51), visually impaired (N = 42) and students with no visual disabilities (N = 123). Respondents sample included students from first to fourth grade of elementary schools in Tuzla Canton as well as blind and visually impaired students from boarding schools and students from first to fifth grade in centers for blind and visually impaired children and youth, as well as population of blind and visually impaired students from first to fourth grade that are integrated into regular elementary schools in Tuzla Canton in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Obtained results have shown that in variable groups for errors estimate in variables for writing by diction of words consisting of uppercase and lowercase letters, where blind and visually impaired students mostly made mistakes in form of inability to write dictated words, grammatical errors, errors in letters and syllables: relocation, leaving out, adding, separating words and concatenating them. Level of literal development is very important for preventive acting as well as timely rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Audesc: Translating Images into Words for Spanish Visually Impaired People

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana I. Hernández-Bartolomé1 ◽  
Gustavo Mendiluce-Cabrera1
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Social Sector ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Audio Description ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Impaired People ◽  
Audiovisual Translation

Abstract Although audiovisual translation is a relatively new field within Translation Studies, it is widening its perspectives to recent areas. Some of them are particularly concerned with minority groups, such as sensory impaired people. Specifically, the blind and visually impaired constitute an unexplored group. In this paper we introduce the system of “audio description,” which translates images into words to make audiovisual products accessible to this special-needs social sector. Since not much literature on the topic is available, we will provide the background and some general procedures for this type of intersemiotic translation. However, our greatest interest will be Audesc, the Spanish audio descriptive project developed by ONCE (the Spanish Organisation for the Blind), mainly applied to the cinema and the theatre. Finally, our paper hints at attaching the audio describer’s role to the audiovisual translator’s.

scholarly journals Autonomous Navigation of a Visually Impaired Person with Loss of Limb Sensitivity, via a Smart Wheelchair (Case Study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
C. Favey ◽  
A. Zogaghi ◽  
R. Leroux ◽  
B. Vivan ◽  
R. Farcy
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Navigation ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Electric Wheelchair ◽  
Impaired Person ◽  
Smart Wheelchair

Presentation and analysis of the first experimentation of autonomous navigation, for a young man suffering from category 4 blindness, associated with disorders of the sensitivity of the limbs, moving thanks to the feelings of the accelerations and decelerations of an anti-collision and anti-fall electric wheelchair.

scholarly journals Creative description: The impact of audio description style on presence in visually impaired audiences

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Walczak ◽  
Louise Fryer
Keyword(s):  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Spatial Presence ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Audio Description ◽  
Sight Loss ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Viewing Experience ◽  
Principle Of Objectivity

This article presents a study that tested the impact of audio description (AD) style on dimensions of presence (spatial presence, ecological validity, engagement, and negative effects) in blind and visually impaired audiences. The participants were shown two fragments of a naturalistic drama with two styles of description: ‘standard’ and ‘creative’. While the former followed the principle of objectivity, the latter was an innovative type of AD that included elements of camera work and subjective descriptions of the characters, their actions, and scenes crucial to the plot. The findings show that the emotive AD prompted higher levels of presence for all participants. Overall, the new AD style seemed more natural, especially to participants with recent sight loss. The results suggest that creative scripts may stimulate presence and thus increase the chances of AD users having a more immersive viewing experience.

scholarly journals Geometric Fuzzy Techniques for Guidance of Visually Impaired People

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-157
Author(s):  
Adán Landa-Hernández ◽  
Heriberto Casarubias-Vargas ◽  
Eduardo Bayro-Corrochano
Keyword(s):  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Stereoscopic Vision ◽  
Guidance System ◽  
Vanishing Points ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Impaired People ◽  
Fuzzy Techniques ◽  
Impaired Person

In this paper we present the design of a device to guide the visually impaired person who normally uses a cane. We propose a non-invasive device that will help blind and visually impaired people to navigate. The system uses stereoscopic vision, a RGB-D sensor and an IMU to process images and to compute the distances from obstacles relative to cameras and to search for free walking paths in the scene. This computing is done using stereo vision, vanishing points, and fuzzy rules. Vanishing points are used to obtain a main orientation in structured spaces. Since the guidance system is related to a spatial reference system, the vanishing point is used like a virtual compass that helps the blind to orient him- or herself towards a goal. Reinforced with fuzzy decision rules, the system supports the blind in avoiding obstacles, thus the blind person is able to cross structured spaces and avoid obstacles without the need for a cane.

scholarly journals Strategies of planning online scientific projects for blind and visually impaired students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Gradaleva ◽  
Maria Houston
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Audio Description ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Visually Impaired Students ◽  
Tools And Techniques

The paper describes distance learning opportunities for blind and visually impaired students. The research aims at analyzing various tools and techniques that are necessary for their participation in online scientific projects and conferences. Methodology includes analysis of pedagogical studies, the survey carried out during International Conference for Students at Samara State Technical University, examination of educational activities performed for blind and visually impaired students all over the world, in particular the experience of American Foundation for the Blind. The findings show that distance learning programmes for blind and visually impaired people are becoming popular in many countries, but in Russia there are only a few of them. The authors prove the necessity of doing research in this sphere. It is recommended that more distance learning opportunities are created for such students at Russian universities. The analysis shows that it is even easier to plan the inclusion of blind and visually impaired students in the online scientific events that are not new and have already been held for wider public. The authors conclude that it is essential to adapt the existing system of distance learning using special tools and techniques, which are described in the article. These are accessible platforms, software used with assistive technologies, keyboard controls, audio description, smartphone apps, etc. Special emphasis is laid upon planning webinars for blind and low vision participants. This research can serve as a guide for making online scientific events accessible for all people.

scholarly journals Tracking multimodal cohesion in Audio Description: Examples from a Dutch audio description corpus

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Reviers
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Multimodal Interaction ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired ◽  
Sound Effects ◽  
Audio Description ◽  
Audiovisual Translation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of

One of the main questions addressed by multimodality research—the main conceptual framework for analysing audiovisual texts—is how the different modes of audiovisual texts combined—visual, verbal, aural—create supplementary meaning in texts, over and above the meanings conveyed by the individual constituents. Ensuring that this multimodal interaction or multimodal cohesion remains intact is a key challenge in the practice of audiovisual translation (AVT), and particularly in Audio Description (AD) for the blind and visually impaired. The present article therefore studies the functioning of multimodal cohesion in audio-described texts by analysing the types of interaction between descriptive units and sound effects in a selection of Dutch audio-described films and series. The article begins with a detailed description of the methodology which is based on multimodal transcription and concludes with an overview of the types of multimodal cohesive relations identified.

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