The nexus between digitisation and knowledge-based economy in low-income countries: the case of post-conflict Syria

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alnafrah ◽  
Sulaiman Mouselli ◽  
Elena Bogdanova
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy

scholarly journals African Studies Keyword: Oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 458-483
Author(s):  
John R. Heilbrunn
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
African Studies ◽  
Local Content ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Oil Curse

AbstractOil is a metonym for terms in books and articles in diverse disciplines in African studies. Some portray oil as a causal agent that thrusts formerly low-income countries into the highly competitive neoliberal global economy. Others present it according to the oil curse/blessing binary. As a curse, petroleum causes dysfunctional and costly behavior. But increased revenues from oil just as certainly result in concrete improvements demonstrating a resource blessing. Heilbrunn uses case materials to explore environmental degradation, oil theft, community-company relations, post-conflict reconstruction, local content in contracts, and corruption. These key concepts form a basis for the keyword/concept essay on oil in Africa.

scholarly journals Political violence and mental health in Nepal: prospective study

2012 ◽  
Vol 201 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon A. Kohrt ◽  
Daniel J. Hruschka ◽  
Carol M. Worthman ◽  
Richard D. Kunz ◽  
Jennifer L. Baldwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Before And After

BackgroundPost-conflict mental health studies in low-income countries have lacked pre-conflict data to evaluate changes in psychiatric morbidity resulting from political violence.AimsThis prospective study compares mental health before and after exposure to direct political violence during the People's War in Nepal.MethodAn adult cohort completed the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory in 2000 prior to conflict violence in their community and in 2007 after the war.ResultsOf the original 316 participants, 298 (94%) participated in the post-conflict assessment. Depression increased from 30.9 to 40.6%. Anxiety increased from 26.2 to 47.7%. Post-conflict post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was 14.1%. Controlling for ageing, the depression increase was not significant. The anxiety increase showed a dose–response association with conflict exposure when controlling for ageing and daily stressors. No demographic group displayed unique vulnerability or resilience to the effects of conflict exposure.ConclusionsConflict exposure should be considered in the context of other types of psychiatric risk factors. Conflict exposure predicted increases in anxiety whereas socioeconomic factors and non-conflict stressful life events were the major predictors of depression. Research and interventions in postconflict settings therefore should consider differential trajectories for depression v. anxiety and the importance of addressing chronic social problems ranging from poverty to gender and ethnic/caste discrimination.

Academics’ societal engagement in ecologies of knowledge: A case study from Mozambique

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Casimiro Zavale ◽  
Christian Schneijderberg
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Low Income Country ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
University Industry

Abstract Sub-Saharan Africa’s (SSA) structural conditions are mostly considered unfavorable to foster academics’ societal engagement (ASE)—that is collaboration between higher education institutions and external stakeholders in general and university–industry linkages in particular. The received view is that ASE in SSA empirically studied only through macro-structural data related to approaches and metrics of national innovation system or knowledge-based economy will predictably display weak portrait and potentially not make visible specific patterns that ASE in SSA may have. This theory-led study reports findings from a case study examining the inputs, in-process, outputs, and impact/outcome of ASE in a university in Mozambique, an African low-income country. The article attempts to make visible specific patterns of ASE that occurs within the ecologies of knowledge in a country like Mozambique. However, we are far away from being able to suggest context adequate indicators. Instead, we provide insights into the qualities and patterns of ASE cooperation.

scholarly journals Navigating laboratory services quality in challenging environments: A perspective for implementation in small, low-income countries and post-conflict settings

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M. Kamau
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Laboratory Services ◽  
Acceptable Quality ◽  
Good Laboratory ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
Limited Setting

The need to establish and maintain good laboratory practices is recognised universally. However, due to differences in resources available for health services in different countries, allocation of financial and human resources in poor countries is severely constrained. The constraints faced by poor countries call for innovative approaches that would guarantee the minimum acceptable quality while striving to meet the highest standards. In resource-limited setting, it may be justifiable to develop and use ‘fit for purpose’ quality standards based on internationally-recognised laboratory quality management frameworks or protocols.

scholarly journals INTEGRATING ICT IN SCHOOL EDUCATION: A CASE OF PRATHAM INFO TECH FOUNDATION, INDIA

10.28945/2328 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 03
Author(s):  
Prema Basargekar ◽  
Chandan Sanjayraj Singhavi
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Digital Gap ◽  
The One

In the scorching and sultry heat of a Mumbai summer Prem Yadav, the Director of Pratham Info Tech Foundation (referred to as the Foundation), Mumbai, India and his team were busy teaching basic computer skills to students attending a school for children raised in poor households. These children were stumbling at every stage. Classrooms were very small and congested. Electricity supply was erratic. Software products were available only in English and were not compatible with the hardware. Schools and teachers were unenthusiastic if not wary of the additional burden put on them. This was the situation in spite of the fact that for four years since 1998, Prem and his team had tried everything to integrate Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in 54 Municipal Corporation schools, (schools run by the civic body that governs the city) started mainly for unprivileged children. The team enjoyed moderate success, but the overall impact was small. Uses of ICT in education were perceived to be an add-on support, rather than an effective toolbox to bring consistency and equality in providing quality education and empowerment to underprivileged children. Information technology had led to decisive and sweeping changes in other fields like healthcare, e-governance, logistics, and manufacturing. Yet so far ICT had very limited success in the field of education especially at pre-primary and secondary school levels (i.e., from standard 1st to 8th). On the one hand, India was emerging as a knowledge based economy by exporting IT and IT based services to the world, and, on the other hand, most of the population belonging to the low income group did not have any access to learn basic knowledge and skills related to IT. Prem was convinced that this digital gap needed to be closed as early as possible; otherwise India would risk leaving a large section of the population far behind. He knew that it was not the technology per se, but the implementation of the technology at the grass roots level that was more important.

Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust Interest Rate Mechanism - Extension of Temporary Interest Rate Waiver

Policy Papers ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (103) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
Disaster Assistance ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Global Growth ◽  
Rate Mechanism

In recent months, a number of Directors have expressed support in the Executive Board for a further extension of the temporary exceptional interest waiver on concessional lending. An extension would send a signal of the Fund’s continued support for Low-Income Countries at a time when the global economic crisis is still ongoing. In view of the related downside risks to the global economic recovery and a decline in the ability of Low-Income Countries to respond to a further weakening of global growth, this paper proposes a further extension of the exceptional interest waiver by two years, to end-2014. This paper also proposes to further extend to April 2013 the existing subsidization of the rate of charge on outstanding Emergency Natural Disaster Assistance and Emergency Post-Conflict Assistance purchases by PRGT-eligible members.

Three Cases of Joubert Syndrome in a Consanguineous Syrian Family and a Interesting Case of Multinational Collaboration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davor Petrović ◽  
Vida Čulić ◽  
Zofia Swinderek-Alsayed
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disorder ◽  
Joubert Syndrome ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Ocular Motor ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
Motor Apraxia

AbstractJoubert syndrome (JS) is a rare congenital, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a distinctive brain malformation, developmental delay, ocular motor apraxia, breathing abnormalities, and high clinical and genetic heterogeneity. We are reporting three siblings with JS from consanguineous parents in Syria. Two of them had the same homozygous c.2172delA (p.Trp725Glyfs*) AHI1 mutation and the third was diagnosed prenatally with magnetic resonance imaging. This pathogenic variant is very rare and described in only a few cases in the literature. Multinational collaboration could be of benefit for the patients from undeveloped, low-income countries that have a low-quality health care system, especially for the diagnosis of rare diseases.

From Freezing to Investing: New Approaches to Monetary and Currency Policies

2008 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
A. Nekipelov ◽  
Yu. Goland
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy

The appeals to minimize state intervention in the Russian economy are counterproductive. However the excessive involvement of the state is fraught with the threat of building nomenclature capitalism. That is the main idea of the series of articles by prominent representatives of Russian economic thought who formulate their position on key elements of the long-term strategy of Russia’s development. The articles deal with such important issues as Russia’s economic policy, transition to knowledge-based economy, basic directions of monetary and structural policies, strengthening of property rights, development of human potential, foreign economic priorities of our state.

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