Improving logistics performance through investments and policy intervention: a causal loop model

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Amrita Jhawar ◽  
S.K. Garg ◽  
Shikha N. Khera
Keyword(s):  
Policy Intervention ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Causal Loop

scholarly journals Analysis of multi-factors affecting the performance of Nigeria's refineries: a systems thinking approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Obinna Iheukwumere ◽  
David Moore ◽  
Temitope Omotayo
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Policy Intervention ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Leverage Points ◽  
Causal Loop ◽  
Significant Factors

PurposeThe challenges facing the productivity of Nigeria's refineries have generated much academic discourse. This study was carried out to develop a causal loop model showing the interrelationships of the multiple factors driving the poor performance of the refineries. Using a framework of political, economic, social and technical (PEST) factors, the developed model helped identify leverage points for policy intervention in the system.Design/methodology/approachA mixed-method approach was adopted to collect quantitative data from 118 refinery workers and qualitative data from 14 participants polled from the various Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) subsidiaries. The quantitative data were analysed through structural equation modelling (SEM) to prioritise the more significant factors, while the qualitative data were analysed by content analysis to further validate the questionnaire findings and provide clearer contexts for the operationalisation of the factors.FindingsThe structural equation model identified several PEST factors such as government interference, political indecision, funding issues, spare parts costs, pipeline vandalism, oil theft, maintenance issues as some of the significant factors affecting the performance of the refineries. The interviews validated these findings and provided richer contexts on how these factors operate within system. A causal loop model was developed based on these findings to identify key leverage points upon which policy intervention through best practice, management autonomy and stakeholder satisfaction was proposed to address these challenges.Research limitations/implicationsThe study uncovers that the factors which affect the performance of the refineries have significant multiple interrelationships, the understanding of which is crucial for developing effective solutions by policymakers.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study lay important foundations for a deeper understanding of how PEST factors interact to drive suboptimal performance across NNPC refineries.Originality/valueThe causal loop model developed in this study provides a new approach to viewing and analysing the associated factors affecting the performance of Nigeria's refineries from a non-linear perspective.

The transformative community-based humanitarian service ecosystem

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Obaze
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Underserved Communities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Causal Loop ◽  
Value Propositions ◽  
Service Ecosystems

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the humanitarian service management categories that influence long-term transformation within complex community-based service ecosystems. Design/methodology/approach This study utilizes mixed methods to present a dynamic model that provides insight into the complexities of supplying, distributing and transporting charitable resources to underserved communities. The interdisciplinary study draws on the theory of service-dominant logic and service science, presents critical elements of transformative service research and uses system dynamics approach to propose a visual causal loop model. Findings This study develops a dynamic model for studying humanitarian service and value propositions in underserved communities. This paper combines the extant literature to emphasize key humanitarian service categories that influence, and are influenced by, service exchanges within community-based contexts. Research limitations/implications This paper is limited in providing quantitative methods in analyzing the case study data. However, the research is still helpful in providing acumen via the causal loop diagram to specifically look into each variable and see their cause and effect relationships in the community-based ecosystem. The research represents an opportunity to model the humanitarian aid and relief scenarios to help make more effective decision-making interventions. Practical implications The model serves as a managerial tool to determine critical services that optimize resource utilization within the community-based service ecosystems. Insights from this research are broadly applicable to the contexts of humanitarian logistics and supply chain management (HLSCM) solutions for community-based ventures. Originality/value This paper conceptualizes how the management of service-for-service exchanges, logistics services and charitable donation management provides transformational humanitarian services and value propositions within underserved communities. This study further provides fundamental contributions by addressing research gaps in the HLSCM domain by supporting service research and the community-based context.

Locating Potential Leverage Points In A Systems Thinking Causal Loop Diagram Toward Policy Intervention

World Futures ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 609-631
Author(s):  
Fernando Martin Y. Roxas ◽  
John Paolo R. Rivera ◽  
Eylla Laire M. Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Policy Intervention ◽  
Causal Loop Diagram ◽  
Leverage Points ◽  
Loop Diagram ◽  
Causal Loop

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF LOSS WATER ON PIPE DISTRIBUTION ”NON REVENUE WATER (NRW)” NETWORK PDAM SURYA SEMBADA CITY OF SURABAYA WITH CAUSAL LOOP DIAGRAM (CLD)

Tibuana ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Yanatra Budi Pramana
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Transmission Line ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Causal Loop Diagram ◽  
Loop Diagram ◽  
Causal Loop ◽  
Diagram Approach

Water is an important supporting factor in humanlife. The problem of clean water in an area is managed by Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Surabaya. PDAM Surya Sembada as a water management company in Surabaya is expected to be able to distributethe needs of clean water, however, in the distribution network, sometimes experiencing problems that cause water is not fully channeled to the customer, to overcome this problem, the Causal Loop Diagram  approach is used to identify the cause of the water loss,after knowing these factors, we have been  made model with Causal Loop model,to calculate the water loss that occurred, in PDAM Surya Sembada Surabaya especially DMA 109 using Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) method. The Causal Loop Diagram  approach, various causes of water loss include: physical water loss caused by reservoir leakage, transmission line leakage and distribution pipeline leakage; non physical water loss caused by meter fault, wild connection and water theft. Based on the data obtained, obtained NRW value at DMA 109 of 439.455.72 m3 / year or by 25% with a loss of 329.591.8 m3 / year. Service pipe leakage up to the customer meter is 1.757.822.8 m3 / year.

scholarly journals A systems view of responding to the COVID‐19 pandemic: A causal loop model for Taiwan's approach

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih‐Tung Hsiao ◽  
Chun‐Cheng Chen ◽  
Lee‐Kai Lin ◽  
Chung‐Shu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Loop Model ◽  
Causal Loop ◽  
Systems View

scholarly journals Basic Income with High Open Innovation Dynamics: The Way to the Entrepreneurial State

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhyo Joseph Yun ◽  
KyungBae Park ◽  
Sung Duck Hahm ◽  
Dongwook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Causal Loop ◽  
Innovation Dynamics ◽  
Growth Limits

Currently, the world economy is approaching a near-zero growth rate. Governments should move from a market-failure-oriented to a system-failure-oriented approach to understanding this problem, and transform to an entrepreneurial state to motivate the Schumpeterian dynamics of open innovation. We want to answer the following research question in this study: “How can a government enact policies to conquer the growth limits imposed on the economy by inequality or the control of big businesses?” First, we conducted a literature review to establish the concept of building a causal loop model of basic income with open innovation dynamics. Second, we built a causal loop model which includes basic income and all factors of open innovation dynamics. Third, we proved our causal loop model through a meta-analysis of global cases of basic income. Our research indicates that reflective basic income with permissionless open innovation, capital fluidity, a sharing economy, and a platform tax can motivate open innovation dynamics and arrive at a method by which an entrepreneurial state can conquer the growth limits of capitalism.

scholarly journals A systems thinking approach for incremental reduction of non-physical waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temitope Omotayo ◽  
Ayokunle Olanipekun ◽  
Lovelin Obi ◽  
Prince Boateng
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Causal Loop ◽  
Execution Phase ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
Building Project

PurposeContinual cost reduction of overhead costs of building projects can realign the concept of post-contract cost control towards value-driven construction projects and stakeholders’ satisfaction. This study synthesised and analysed the viable continuous improvement measures critical for waste reduction during the execution phase of a building project.Design/methodology/approachA review of existing literature facilitated a list of continuous improvement measures. This literature review findings enabled a Likert-scale questionnaire which was administered to two-hundred and fifty (250) small- and medium-scale construction companies (SMSCC) in Nigeria. Multiple linear regression statistical tests deduced the significant cost reduction measure from which a causal loop diagram was designed to indicate continuous improvement measures during the execution phase of a building project.FindingsCogent construction activities associated with overhead costs were deduced from the statistical tests as being payment of suppliers and sub-contractors and purchase orders. An all-inclusive casual loop model for cost reduction through waste minimisation in construction projects as a viable oriented mechanism for meeting clients' requirements was developed.Practical implicationsThe causal loop continuous improvement model recognised external and internal factors which are crucial for SMSCC to focus on for their organisational growth and performance enhancement.Originality/valueA focus on non-physical waste in construction organisations potentially addresses behavioural challenges for continuous improvement.

Inhibition of Fibrinolytic Activity In-Vivo by Dexamethasone Is Counterbalanced by an Inhibition of Platelet Aggregation

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (01) ◽  
pp. 069-073 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J J van Giezen ◽  
J W C M Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Prothrombotic State ◽  
Inhibition Of Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Pai 1

SummaryDexamethasone decreases the fibrinolytic activity in cultured medium of several cell types by an induction of PAI-1 synthesis. As a result of this enhanced PAI-1 synthesis a prothrombotic state is expected in patients treated with dexamethasone. However, such a prothrombotic state is not reported as a major adverse effect. We have studied the effects of dexamethasone (dose range: 0.1–3.0 mg/kg) on the fibrinolytic system of rats after a 5 day pretreatment period. It appeared that dexamethasone dose dependently decreased the fibrinolytic activity (a dose of 1 mg/kg showed a reduction of about 40%). This reduced fibrinolytic activity could be functionally translated into an increased thrombus size as measured with a venous thrombosis model: thrombus size was increased by 50% with 1 mg/kg dexamethasone. No effects could be measured on the coagulation system, but it appeared that ex-vivo measured platelet aggregation was dose dependently inhibited by dexamethasone treatment. This effect resulted in-vivo in prolonged obstruction times as measured with a modified aorta-loop model. These results indicate that the expected prothrombotic state due to a diminished fibrinolytic activity caused by dexamethasone is counterbalanced by an inhibition of platelet aggregation.

MODEL STRUKTUR EKONOMI RUMAH TANGGA PETANI PADI DI KABUPATEN INDRMAYU, PROVINSI JAWA BARAT (Suatu Analisis Menggunakan Sistem Thinking)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 071
Author(s):  
Ivonne Ayesha
Keyword(s):  
System Thinking ◽  
Causal Loop Diagram ◽  
Loop Diagram ◽  
Causal Loop

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membangun pemahaman (understanding) tentang fenomena ekonomi rumah tangga petani penggarap secara clear dan distinct, dan menyusun model ekonomi rumah tangga petani penggarap yang dapat menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang penentu dan interaksi variabel-variabel yang saling terkait. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan jenis studi fenomenologi. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah petani padi yang tidak punya lahan (penyakap) yang melakukan usahatani di Kabupaten Indramayu, Provinsi Jawa Barat, sebanyak 7 orang dengan lokasi yang berbeda, namun masih dalam kabupaten yang sama. Di samping itu, responden juga diambil dari perangkat desa, tokoh masyarakat, dan PPL. Responen ditetapkan secara sengaja (purposive), sesuai dengan kebutuhan penelitian ini. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan cara berfikir sistem (system thinking). Hasil analisis data ditampilkan dalam bentuk diagram sebab akibat (causal loop diagram), dengan menggunakan program Vensim PLE. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan: 1) Rumah tangga petani penyakap sebagai unit ekonomi terkecil yang memiliki sumber pemasukan dan pengeluaran rumah tangga, baik dari dan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan usahatani maupun non usahatani. Meskipun nilai penerimaan yang diperoleh sangat sedikit, namun petani penyakap tetap melaksanakan usahatani padi dari musim ke musim. Kekurangan uang dalam rumah tangga diatasi dengan melakukan pinjaman ke para pelepas uang (rentenir) dan tengkulak. Sedikit sekali petani yang memanfaatkan jasa keuangan formal dalam mengatasi masalah ekonomi rumah tangga. Pola hidup konsumtif sering menyebabkan petani terjebak dalam lingkaran hutang, dan 2) Model ekonomi rumah tangga petani penyakap yang disusun mengandung 2 lingkar sebab akibat positif dan satu lingkar sebab akibat negatif. Lingkar sebab akibat positif terdapat pada struktur pinjaman usahatani dan struktur pinjaman non usahatani. Lingkar sebab akibat negatif terdapat pada struktur pengeluaran. Model ini menunjukkan bahwa uang dalam rumah tangga bertambah dengan adanya pemasukan dan berkurang dengan adanya pengeluaran. Variabel pemasukan merupakan akumulasi dari penghasilan bersih, pinjaman usahatani dan pinjaman non usahatani. Variabel pengeluaran ditentukan oleh total pengeluaran rumah tangga. Total pengelaran rumah tangga merupakan akumulasi dari: pengeluaran usahatani, pengeluaran non usahatani, pembayaran iyuran desa, biaya sosial, konsumsi rumah tangga, dan pembayaran hutang non usahatani

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