Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION : UCHI/SOTO: CHALLENGING OUR CONCEPTUALIZATIONS OF SELF, SOCIAL ORDER, AND LANGUAGE

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-37
Keyword(s):  
Social Order

Who Was This Man?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitch Kachun
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Atlantic World ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Broad Context ◽  
Military Power ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Revolution

Chapter 1 introduces the broad context of the eighteenth-century Atlantic world in which Crispus Attucks lived, describes the events of the Boston Massacre, and assesses what we know about Attucks’s life. It also addresses some of the most widely known speculations and unsupported stories about Attucks’s life, experiences, and family. Much of what is assumed about Attucks today is drawn from a fictionalized juvenile biography from 1965, which was based largely on research in nineteenth-century sources. Attucks’s characterization as an unsavory outsider and a threat to the social order emerged during the soldiers’ trial. Subsequently, American Revolutionaries in Boston began the construction of a heroic Attucks as they used the memory of the massacre and all its victims to serve their own political agendas during the Revolution by portraying the victims as respectable, innocent citizens struck down by a tyrannical military power.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Ken Hirschkop
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Division ◽  
The Third ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century Europe

Chapter 1 focuses on the distinctiveness of the ‘linguistic turns’ of early twentieth-century Europe, differentiating them from nineteenth-century work on language and insisting on the need to think of these multiple turns as a whole, as a constellation across Europe. That there is such a constellation, demanding our attention, is the first of the book’s three organizing claims. The second is that language draws such a crowd because crowds have become a problem: in the linguistic turns of the early twentieth century, language is a metonym for problems of social order and social division, democracy and consent, nationality and difference. Hence the third claim: that the distinguishing feature of these linguistic turns is a commitment to some version of ‘language as such’, a force or structure within language that can provide the vitality, the order, the lucidity, or some combination of these, necessary to cure language of its present ills.

Why Does Prison Social Order Vary?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
David Skarbek
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Informal Institutions ◽  
Heterosexual Relationships ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Exit Option ◽  
To Come

Chapter 1 discusses how all prisons share essential features. Prisoners, who have either been charged with or convicted of a crime, are forced to relocate to a facility for confinement. Once there, the captive must usually interact with other people in the same situation. They suffer the pains of imprisonment, which often includes deprivation of liberty, goods and services, heterosexual relationships, autonomy, and security. Prisoners tend to come from relatively disadvantaged socio-economic backgrounds. All prisons are based on coercion, and prisoners have no voluntary exit option. The chapter then shows how there is nevertheless, tremendous variation in life behind bars. In some prisons, informal institutions are incredibly important; in others, they are nearly non-existent. In some places, prisoners create hierarchy and organizations to rule; in others, norms prevail. Finally, the chapter outlines how the book will help explain how these different systems of governance arise.

MARION BOULBY, The Muslim Brotherhood and the Kings of Jordan, 1945–1993, South Florida–Rochester–Saint Louis Studies on Religion and the Social Order, vol. 18 (Atlanta: Scholars Press for the University of South Florida, 1999). Pp. 188. $44.50 cloth.

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-426
Author(s):  
Emile Sahliyeh
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Historical Survey ◽  
Saint Louis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Conservatism ◽  
The Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
The University

In this book, Marion Boulby traces the rise and evolution of the Muslim Brotherhood movement in Jordan. In chapter 1, she gives a brief historical survey of Jordan's state-building and the economic and social developments in the country between 1921 and 1989. In chapter 2, she describes the formative phase of the Brotherhood and the conditions surrounding its establishment between 1945 and 1957. Here, Boulby contends that the concern over the future of Palestine rather than competition with leftist groups was the primary motive behind the formation of the Brotherhood. She also highlights the conservative nature of the founders of the movement and their adoption of a reformist ideology and pragmatic political stands. In her opinion, the norms of political conservatism, reform, and pragmatism, which have characterized the movement throughout its history, were behind the forging of a close alliance between the Brothers and the monarchy.

The Classical-Liberal Theory of Governance

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-39
Author(s):  
Paul Dragos Aligica ◽  
Peter J. Boettke ◽  
Vlad Tarko
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Institutional Performance ◽  
Freedom Of Association ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Classical Liberal ◽  
The Social ◽  
Failure Assessment

Chapter 1 introduces the building blocks of an updated approach to public governance in the classical-liberal tradition: (a) the repudiation of the “seeing like a state” or “synoptic” vision of social order and governance; (b) the embracement of normative individualism as an axiomatic principle and of its corollaries, freedom of choice and freedom of association, as normative guidelines; (c) skepticism toward the social welfare function aggregation and its objectification, used as focal principle and guideline for public policy; (d) and consistent employment of the comparative institutional analysis approach as a background methodology of institutional performance and failure assessment: markets, states, and “third-sector” institutional arrangements are all judged comparatively, on similar standards, in the context of their functioning. In addition to explaining each of these building blocks, the chapter draws attention to the logical links between them.

The Plan for a J-Curve Transition

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Kristen Ghodsee ◽  
Mitchell A. Orenstein
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Neoliberal Reforms ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
J Curve ◽  
Mass Privatization ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

Chapter 1 shows how economic reforms advocated by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)—the international financial institutions that oversaw transition—planned for the construction of free market systems across the postsocialist world. It shows they relied heavily on reforms designed for Latin America after the debt crisis of the 1980s, placing great faith in market mechanisms and underestimating the postcommunist social context. The most innovative reform, mass privatization, enabled corrupt institutions and individuals to act as predators in asymmetric exchanges. While policymakers planned to mitigate the impacts of neoliberal reforms on the poor through targeted social policies, reforms created an economic and social order based on widespread inequality.

Quick Reference: Chapter 1: The Musculoskeletal System: The Hand and Upper Extremity

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-5
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Column ◽  
Persistent Pain ◽  
Illness Behavior ◽  
Abnormal Illness Behavior ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Spinal Cord Dorsal ◽  
Objective Basis ◽  
Dorsal Column Stimulation ◽  
Underlying Pathology

Abstract Spinal cord (dorsal column) stimulation (SCS) and intraspinal opioids (ISO) are treatments for patients in whom abnormal illness behavior is absent but who have an objective basis for severe, persistent pain that has not been adequately relieved by other interventions. Usually, physicians prescribe these treatments in cancer pain or noncancer-related neuropathic pain settings. A survey of academic centers showed that 87% of responding centers use SCS and 84% use ISO. These treatments are performed frequently in nonacademic settings, so evaluators likely will encounter patients who were treated with SCS and ISO. Does SCS or ISO change the impairment associated with the underlying conditions for which these treatments are performed? Although the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) does not specifically address this question, the answer follows directly from the principles on which the AMA Guides impairment rating methodology is based. Specifically, “the impairment percents shown in the chapters that consider the various organ systems make allowance for the pain that may accompany the impairing condition.” Thus, impairment is neither increased due to persistent pain nor is it decreased in the absence of pain. In summary, in the absence of complications, the evaluator should rate the underlying pathology or injury without making an adjustment in the impairment for SCS or ISO.

Fifth Edition: the New Standard

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Brigham ◽  
James B. Talmage ◽  
Leon H. Ensalada
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
Medical Evaluation ◽  
Single Set

Abstract The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Fifth Edition, is available and includes numerous changes that will affect both evaluators who and systems that use the AMA Guides. The Fifth Edition is nearly twice the size of its predecessor (613 pages vs 339 pages) and contains three additional chapters (the musculoskeletal system now is split into three chapters and the cardiovascular system into two). Table 1 shows how chapters in the Fifth Edition were reorganized from the Fourth Edition. In addition, each of the chapters is presented in a consistent format, as shown in Table 2. This article and subsequent issues of The Guides Newsletter will examine these changes, and the present discussion focuses on major revisions, particularly those in the first two chapters. (See Table 3 for a summary of the revisions to the musculoskeletal and pain chapters.) Chapter 1, Philosophy, Purpose, and Appropriate Use of the AMA Guides, emphasizes objective assessment necessitating a medical evaluation. Most impairment percentages in the Fifth Edition are unchanged from the Fourth because the majority of ratings currently are accepted, there is limited scientific data to support changes, and ratings should not be changed arbitrarily. Chapter 2, Practical Application of the AMA Guides, describes how to use the AMA Guides for consistent and reliable acquisition, analysis, communication, and utilization of medical information through a single set of standards.

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