3 Floppy molecules—their internal dynamics, spectroscopy and applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-134
Author(s):  
Iwona Gulaczyk ◽  
Marek Kręglewski
Keyword(s):  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Floppy Molecules

Internal dynamics of simple floppy molecules

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zülicke ◽  
Ch. Zuhrt ◽  
X. Chapuisat ◽  
C. Saint-Espès
Keyword(s):  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Floppy Molecules

Floppy molecules—their internal dynamics, spectroscopy and applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Gulaczyk ◽  
Marek Kręglewski
Keyword(s):  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Dynamic Geometry ◽  
Molecular Spectra ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Floppy Molecules ◽  
Large Amplitude Vibrations ◽  
Effective Hamiltonians

Abstract Floppy molecules can be defined as molecules performing large amplitude vibrations (LAVs). There are different types of LAVs among which the most common are inversion and internal rotation. Molecules with LAVs have been of great interest for a very long time since their dynamic, geometry and molecular spectra were very often considered as a challenge. In the review, we present an outline of the history and development of various theoretical approaches concerning molecules with LAVs. Different types of LAVs are described with the emphasis on inversion tunneling (wagging) and internal rotation (torsion). Furthermore, strategies for building explicit and effective Hamiltonians are given and explained in detail using a hydrazine molecule, which is an exemplary molecule performing three LAVs—two inversions and one internal rotation. Since floppy molecules play a significant role in numerous areas as chemistry, pharmacy, astrophysics, biology, agriculture etc., we also provide an overview of their applications.

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Direct Actions in the Czech Environmental Movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-156
Author(s):  
Arnošt Novák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Environmental Movements ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Environmental Milieu ◽  
Liberal Concept

Direct actions constitute an important repertoire of action for environmental movements in Western countries. This article differentiates two ideal types of this repertoire of action: the anarchist concept, which understands direct action in terms of values and as a preferred way of doing things; and the liberal concept, which uses direct action in an instrumental way. Based on my empirical research in post-socialist Czech Republic, the article focuses on debates over environmentalism and, to be more precise, on uses of direct actions by environmental organizations. It explains why the liberal concept was very limited and why direct action as a preferred way of doing things has not become a part of the repertoire of collective action. The article argues that the movement was politically moderate due to a combination of reasons: the very specific historical experience of the Czech environmental movement, which inclines it to use dialogue rather than confrontations with power; the fear of political hostility and marginalization by the state; and the internal dynamics of the environmental milieu.

MULTIMEDIA ENVIROMENT OF GERMAN POLEMIC DISCOURSE

2019 ◽  
pp. 223-235
Author(s):  
Anna Udelkina
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Site ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Xxth Century ◽  
User Comments ◽  
Multimedia Environment ◽  
The Media ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Main Activity

This article is devoted to the study of the multimedia environment of the polemic discourse in German media with its diverse formats of impact on the audience and the actively developing internal dynamics of texts. If at the end of the XXth century the specifics of German media were the use of the Internet site as one of the possibilities to present copies of newspapers and magazines in electronic form, today we can speak of modified, hybrid Internet versions of printed publications that do not just create websites on the Internet that duplicate their main activity, but also combines the features of the traditional press and features of the functioning of texts on the Internet. The transition from linear, monomedia broadcasting platforms to discrete, multimedia ones has a significant impact on the process of creating, designing and placing modern polemics. Texts of articles and user comments are considered in the article as tmaterialization of the polemic discourse in the media. Polemic texts are formed on the basis of intertextual structures and have a hypertext nature. The use of multimedia tools (a variety of fonts, graphics, animation, photo, video and sound) in the text of the article allows the author not only to expand the amount of information provided, but also to qualitatively supplement its content through inline inclusions tn the text, to express the meaning of information by referring to verbal and non-verbal means; to provide a visual and figurative presentation of information (graphs, charts, tables), to attract attention and influence the audience, as well as to provide readers with the opportunity to participate in information exchange.

Unprecedented Relationships

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanna Hertz ◽  
Margaret K. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Sperm Donor

This chapter introduces the concept of networks of strangers linked by reliance on the same sperm donor. It draws on participants’ use of the language of genes and the language of choice to explain how these networks develop. Because the relationships within these networks are unprecedented, the members have to decide for themselves naming conventions and social norms. The introduction suggests the importance of these relationships at a time when family size is shrinking. It includes a discussion of research methods, describing how the authors located respondents and the characteristics of respondents (212 parents and 154 donor-conceived children). It also explains how the authors chose to feature particular networks that reflected different eras, different age groups of children, and different internal dynamics.

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