scholarly journals Role Modeling: A Precious Heritage in Medical Education / Učenje po modelu: dragoceno nasleđe u medicinskom obrazovanju

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Mirhaghi ◽  
Hossein Karimi Moonaghi ◽  
Simin Sharafi ◽  
Amir Emami Zeydi
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Observational Learning ◽  
Clinical Excellence ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Role Modeling ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Education Review

Summary Role modeling is a powerful form of learning and an integral part of medical education. Although role modeling has a longstanding history, it has not received enough attention in medical education. The aim of this study was to present a comprehensive review of the literature to describe dimensions of role modeling in medical education. Review of the literature was undertaken using the international databases with the following search terms or their combinations: “role modeling”, “observational learning” and “medical education” up to September 2014. Relevant articles were retrieved. A total of 39 articles were included in this review. The results showed that clinical excellence, humanistic personality and excellence in teaching composed three essential elements of role modeling. Basic outcomes of role modeling in medical education are humanism and professionalism. In conclusion, role modeling as an outstanding educational approach has been recommended for enhancing humanism and professionalism in medical education.

scholarly journals Suprafascial Free Flaps: Classification and Comprehensive Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 247275122110205
Author(s):  
Sebastian Rios ◽  
María Isabel Falguera-Uceda ◽  
Alicia Dean ◽  
Susana Heredero
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Free Flaps ◽  
Donor Site Morbidity ◽  
Anterolateral Thigh Flap ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Search Terms

Study Design: Suprafascial free flaps have become common place in reconstructive surgery units. Nomenclature related to these flaps has not been uniform throughout the scientific literature, especially in regard to planes of dissection. This study is designed as a comprehensive review of the literature. Objectives: Our study highlights which flaps are used most frequently, their main indications, their survival rate, and how they have evolved in the last few decades as innovations have been introduced. Methods: A review of the literature was performed using keywords and Medical Subject Headings search terms. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched using the appropriate search terms. Data collected from each study included flap type, dissection plane, preoperative planning, area of reconstruction, as well as complications, donor-site morbidity and survival rate. Results: Seven hundred and fifty-five studies were found based on the search criteria. After full-text screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria 34 studies were included. A total of 1332 patients were comprised in these studies. The most common types of flaps used were superficial circumflex iliac perforator flap (SCIP), anterolateral thigh flap (ALT), and radial forearm flap. The most common areas of reconstruction were head & neck and limbs. There was no significant difference in survival rates between flaps that were raised in different planes of dissection. Conclusions: Based on the author’s review of the literature, suprafascial flaps are reliable, they have low donor site morbidity, and there is a wide selection available for harvest. The use of new technologies for preoperative planning, such as CT-Angiography and UHF ultrasound, have contributed to have more predictable results. We propose a standardized classification for these flaps, in order to create a uniform nomenclature for future reference.

scholarly journals Gender Bias in Resident Assessment in Graduate Medical Education: Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 712-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Klein ◽  
◽  
Katherine A. Julian ◽  
Erin D. Snyder ◽  
Jennifer Koch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Graduate Medical Education ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Graduate Medical ◽  
Resident Assessment ◽  
Education Review

scholarly journals Candida sp. Infections in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Célia Rodrigues ◽  
Maria Rodrigues ◽  
Mariana Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Candidiasis has increased substantially worldwide over recent decades and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among critically ill patients. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that predisposes individuals to fungal infections, including those related to Candida sp., due to a immunosuppressive effect on the patient. This review aims to discuss the latest studies regarding the occurrence of candidiasis on DM patients and the pathophysiology and etiology associated with these co-morbidities. A comprehensive review of the literature was undertaken. PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier’s ScienceDirect, and Springer’s SpringerLink databases were searched using well-defined search terms. Predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to classify relevant manuscripts. Results of the review show that DM patients have an increased susceptibility to Candida sp. infections which aggravates in the cases of uncontrolled hyperglycemia. The conclusion is that, for these patients, the hospitalization periods have increased and are commonly associated with the prolonged use of indwelling medical devices, which also increase the costs associated with disease management.

scholarly journals Treatment of penile strangulation by the rotating saw and 4-needle aspiration method: Two case reports

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raidh A. Talib ◽  
Onder Canguven ◽  
Abdulla Al Ansari ◽  
Ahmad Shamsodini
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Function ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Penile Strangulation ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Pros And Cons

Introduction: The aim of this article was to describe our experience in using rotating saw and also combination of the instrument with 4-needle aspiration. Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was performed using PubMed. “Penile strangulation, -constriction, -incarceration, -entrapment” were used as search terms, and a manual bibliographic review of cross referenced items was performed. Results: Search results yielded nearly 70 cases of penile strangulation caused by a variety of objects. Various instruments have been described in the literature for their safe removal, each with its own pros and cons. Conclusions: Penile strangulation should be accepted as a self-induced priapism and managed as an emergency in order to preserve erectile function and to prevent penile necrosis. Surgical creativity and patience are necessary in order to have a successful outcome.

Time-Out: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve A. Nida ◽  
Arona R. Muckenfuss ◽  
D. Michelle Turner ◽  
Kipling D. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Time Out

Hydrocephalus in Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeetendra P. Sah ◽  
Aaron W. Abrams ◽  
Geetha Chari ◽  
Craig Linden ◽  
Yaacov Anziska
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Communicating Hydrocephalus ◽  
Type I ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn this article, we reported a case of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type I noted to have tetraventricular hydrocephalus with Blake's pouch cyst at 8 months of age following intrathecal nusinersen therapy. The association of hydrocephalus with SMA is rarely reported in the literature. Development of hydrocephalus after intrathecal nusinersen therapy is also reported in some cases, but a cause–effect relationship is not yet established. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of a patient with SMA type I and hydrocephalus, to review similar cases reported in the literature, and to explore the relationship between nusinersen therapy and development of hydrocephalus. The clinical presentation and radiographic findings of the patient are described and a comprehensive review of the literature was conducted. The adverse effect of communicating hydrocephalus related to nusinersen therapy is being reported and the authors suggest carefully monitoring for features of hydrocephalus developing during the course of nusinersen therapy.

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