scholarly journals Macroeconomic Dimensions in the Clusterization Processes: Lithuanian Biomass Cluster Case

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Valentinas Navickas ◽  
Mantas Svazas
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Macroeconomic Analysis ◽  
Future Production ◽  
Macroeconomic Factor ◽  
Long Time

Abstract The Future production systems’ increasing significance will impose work, which maintains not a competitive, but a collaboration basis, with concentrated resources and expertise, which can help to reach the general purpose. One form of collaboration among medium-size business organizations is work in clusters. Clusterization as a phenomenon has been known from quite a long time, but it offers simple benefits to researches at micro and medium levels. The clusterization process evaluation in macroeconomic dimensions has been comparatively little investigated. Thereby, in this article, the clusterization processes is analysed by concentrating our attention on macroeconomic factor researches. The authors analyse clusterization’s influence on country’s macroeconomic growth; they apply a structure research methodology for clusterization’s macroeconomic influence evaluation and propose that clusterization processes benefit macroeconomic analysis. The theoretical model of clusterization processes was validated by referring to a biomass cluster case. Because biomass cluster case is a new phenomenon, currently there are no other scientific approaches to them. The authors’ accomplished researches show that clusterization allows the achievement of a large positive slip in macroeconomics, which proves to lead to a high value added to creation, a faster country economic growth, and social situation amelioration.

scholarly journals Macroeconomic Dimensions in the Clusterization Processes: Lithuanian Biomass Cluster Case

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Valentinas Navickas ◽  
Mantas Svazas
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Macroeconomic Analysis ◽  
Future Production ◽  
Macroeconomic Factor ◽  
Long Time

AbstractThe Future production systems’ increasing significance will impose work, which maintains not a competitive, but a collaboration basis, with concentrated resources and expertise, which can help to reach the general purpose. One form of collaboration among medium-size business organizations is work in clusters. Clusterization as a phenomenon has been known from quite a long time, but it offers simple benefits to researches at micro and medium levels. The clusterization process evaluation in macroeconomic dimensions has been comparatively little investigated. Thereby, in this article, the clusterization processes is analysed by concentrating our attention on macroeconomic factor researches. The authors analyse clusterization’s influence on country’s macroeconomic growth; they apply a structure research methodology for clusterization’s macroeconomic influence evaluation and propose that clusterization processes benefit macroeconomic analysis. The theoretical model of clusterization processes was validated by referring to a biomass cluster case. Because biomass cluster case is a new phenomenon, currently there are no other scientific approaches to them. The authors’ accomplished researches show that clusterization allows the achievement of a large positive slip in macroeconomics, which proves to lead to a high value added to creation, a faster country economic growth, and social situation amelioration.

scholarly journals Analysis of Japan’s and Ukraine’s sectoral structure of the economy within the framework of the aggregated input-output models

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-127
Author(s):  
Volodymyr KULYK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Value Added ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Table ◽  
Sectoral Structure ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Demand Structure ◽  
Long Time

The sectoral structure of the economies of Japan and Ukraine is studied. The aggregation of the input-output table of Japan’s economy (2015) to 13 constipated industries, which have traditionally been used for a long time for the analysis of the Japanese economic structure, and the input-output table of Ukraine’s economy (2018) to 10 sectors were carried out. For a more comparable comparison of the input-output tables of both economies was aggregated to the level of 3 constipated sectors (primary, secondary and tertiary). The analysis of production processes for the economy as a whole and in terms of sectors was conducted, the structure of sectoral costs and generateable income (gross value added, factor income) was investigated. The author worked out a matrix of direct costs, built heat maps, etc. Analysis based on aggregated release cost tables, including 3 sectoral input-output tables, is useful for initial familiarization with the peculiarities of inter-sectoral relationships, final demand structure and added value, peculiarities of production processes. Being quite simplified, they reflect the basic content of processes in the production sphere, can be used for educationally methodical purposes, in the development of a strategy for modernization of production, to be the basis for comparing production systems of different national economies. Further research is appropriate within more detailed input-output tables, where the classification of types of economic activity and the degree of data aggregation meets international standards.

Compiler-Aided Run-Time Performance Speed-Up in Super-Scalar Processor

10.28945/3391 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Pelleh
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Run Time

In our world, where most systems become embedded systems, the approach of designing embedded systems is still frequently similar to the approach of designing organic systems (or not embedded systems). An organic system, like a personal computer or a work station, must be able to run any task submitted to it at any time (with certain constrains depending on the machine). Consequently, it must have a sophisticated general purpose Operating System (OS) to schedule, dispatch, maintain and monitor the tasks and assist them in special cases (particularly communication and synchronization between them and with external devices). These OSs require an overhead on the memory, on the cache and on the run time. Moreover, generally they are task oriented rather than machine oriented; therefore the processor's throughput is penalized. On the other hand, an embedded system, like an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), executes always the same software application. Frequently it is a small or medium size system, or made up of several such systems. Many small or medium size embedded systems, with limited number of tasks, can be scheduled by our proposed hardware architecture, based on the Motorola 500MHz MPC7410 processor, enhancing its throughput and avoiding the software OS overhead, complexity, maintenance and price. Encouraged by our experimental results, we shall develop a compiler to assist our method. In the meantime we will present here our proposal and the experimental results.

scholarly journals Women’s Economic Empowerment in Vietnam: Performance and Constraints of Female-Led Manufacturing SMEs

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
MinhTam Bui ◽  
Trinh Q. Long
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medium Enterprises

This paper identifies whether there was a performance difference among micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) led by men and by women in Vietnam during the period 2005–2013 and aims to provide explanations for the differences, if any, in various performance indicators. The paper adopts a quantitative approach using a firm-level panel dataset in the manufacturing sector in 10 provinces/cities in Vietnam in five waves from 2005 to 2013. Fixed effect models are estimated to examine the influence of firm variables and demographic, human capital characteristics of owners/managers on firms’ value added, labor productivity and employment creation. We found that men led MSMEs did not outperform those led by women on average. Although the average value added was lower for female-led firms in the informal sector, the opposite was true in the formal sector where women tend to lead medium-size firms with higher value added and labor productivity. The performance disparity was more envisaged across levels of formality and less clear from a gender perspective. Moreover, while firms owned by businessmen seemed to create more jobs, firms owned by women had a higher share of female employees. No significant difference in business constraints faced by women and by men was found.

scholarly journals Characterization of smallholder cattle production systems in South-Kivu province, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Mugumaarhahama ◽  
Rodrigue Balthazar Basengere Ayagirwe ◽  
Valence Bwana Mutwedu ◽  
Nadège Cizungu Cirezi ◽  
Dieudonné Shukuru Wasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Mixed Data ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Cattle Farming ◽  
South Kivu

AbstractIn South-Kivu province, cattle farming is an integral component of farmers’ livelihoods and one of the few income-generating opportunities for smallholders. However, very few studies have been conducted to characterize smallholders’ cattle production systems. This study documents cattle production systems to better understand their current situation, constraints they face and opportunities they offer. For that purpose, an investigation was conducted based on a structured survey questionnaire and participatory interviews with 863 farmers in South-Kivu province. Collected data were analysed using factorial analysis of mixed data and clustering techniques. The results revealed three types of smallholder cattle farms differing mainly in their herds’ sizes and landholding. The first category is the most common and includes farmers raising small herds (6.3 ± 6.7 cattle) of local breeds in herding system (in this work, “herding system” refers to a rearing system for which the farmer drives and stays with his animals on pastures and fallow land during the day) and grazing fodder in community pastures, fallow lands and roadside grasses, while land constitutes a scarce resource. In the second category, some farmers have small tracts of land (< 5 ha) and others have large tracts (> 5 ha), but all have medium-size herds (45.1 ± 19.4 cattle) made up of local breeds, which they rear in herding system. They also exploit community pastures, fallow land and roadside fodder for animal feeding. The third and last category includes farmers with large cattle herds (78.1 ± 28.1 cattle) of local, crossbred and exotic breeds raised free range in the fenced paddocks on vast areas of land (> 5 ha) found in high-altitude regions. However, while being different according to the above-considered characteristics, the three categories of cattle farming remain extensive pastoral farms dominated by male farmers. Agriculture and/or animal husbandry are their main source of income while their livestock are also composed of goats and poultry, beside cattle. Still, the three farming groups require more inputs and improvement strategies for increased productivity in the challenging environment characterized by low land accessibility and high demand for milk and meat. Fodder cultivation and crop-livestock integration through agro-ecological systems as well as access to credit and extension services are the proposed strategies for the improvement of this economic sector.

Information overload in business organizations and entrepreneurship: An analytical review of the literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 026638212110549
Author(s):  
CA(Dr.) Gaurav Bhambri
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Agents ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Paradoxical Situation

In this paper I analytically review the literature on the information overload problem, with special reference to the business organizations and entrepreneurship and the study mainly reveals that the problem of the information overload has been existed for many years, whereas in current years the problem has become more clearly recognized and experienced. A concern stressed in the literature is the paradoxical situation that most probably there is an abundance of information available and it is often difficult to obtain useful, and relevant information when it may be needed. Both perceptions and the actual effects of information overload have exacerbated by rapid advances made in the information and communication technology, whereas it is not clear cut as to whether Internet has worsened/improved the situation. Some solutions have put forward to reduce the information overload are a reduction in duplication of the information found in professional literature; the adoption of the personal information management strategies, along with the integration of software solutions such as push technology and intelligent agents; and the provision of value-added information. Main emphasis is placed on the technology as a tool and not driver, while increased in information literacy may provide key to reducing the information overload in organisations.

Public Research Support for an Innovative Integrated Payment Model of Service Delivery

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Bracaglia ◽  
Giulia Monetta ◽  
William Vanobberghen
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Operational Program ◽  
Entrepreneurial Innovation ◽  
Card Payment ◽  
Future Business

AbstractThis paper introduces an entrepreneurial innovation supported by public research. TITAN is an R&D project funded by European Structural Funds with the National Operational Program for “Research and Competitiveness” 2007–2013 (NOP for R&C). General purpose of TITAN project is to achieve a multi-application and multi-channel platform to manage value-added services (VAS) and e-payments. From the EPAS protocols perspective of standardizing the electronic payment, VAS data management will be included in the current financial messages (CAPE – ISO 20022). In order to improve the process of card payment transactions through the delivery of new VAS was born the cooperation between EPASOrg and TITAN’s team. This cooperation would facilitate the examination and submission to ISO 20022 of data components related to the provision of added-value services meeting the requirements of those new contactless applications developed in the framework of the project. This is the principal and most entrepreneurial innovation concentrated on the integration of payment and VAS that draws attention to a new model delivering the VAS on a multi-application device used by both payment and VAS, during the same payment transaction. The latter result has led a Change Request to ISO in order to allow the extension to the VAS on the standard ISO 20022 related to card payment. The innovative model proposed is validated through a sample scenario and, finally, the conclusions summarize the next steps and underlines possible implications for future business and technological developments.

Book Reviews

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-165 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Value Added ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Book Selection ◽  
Economic Association ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In

Editor's Note: Guidelines for Selecting Books to Review Occasionally, we receive questions regarding the selection of books reviewed in the Journal of Economic Literature. A statement of our guidelines for book selection might be useful, therefore. The general purpose of our book reviews is to help keep members of the American Economic Association informed of significant English-language publications in economics research. Annotations are published of all books received. However, we receive many more books than we are able to review so choices must be made in selecting books for review. We try to identify for review scholarly, well-researched books that embody serious and original research on a particular topic. We do not review textbooks. Other things equal, we avoid volumes of collected papers such as festschriften and conference volumes. Often such volumes pose difficult problems for the reviewer who may find himself having to describe and evaluate many different contributions. Among such volumes, we prefer those on a single, well-defined theme that a typical reviewer may develop in his review. A volume that collects together papers from a wide assortment of different topics is not preferred to one devoted exclusively to one topic. We avoid volumes that collect previously published papers unless there is some material value added from bringing the papers together. Also, we refrain from reviewing second or revised editions unless the revisions of the original edition are really substantial. Our policy is not to accept offers to review (and unsolicited reviews of) particular books. We have examined the consequences of an alternative policy and have determined that we lack the resources to deal appropriately with unsolicited reviews. Coauthorship of reviews is not forbidden but discouraged and we ask our invited reviewers to discuss with us first any changes in the authorship or assigned length of a review. [Reprinted from JEL, March 1992, 30(1), p. vi.]

scholarly journals The assessment of target value of performance indicators of small and medium-sized companies’ financial management with industry and regional environmental features

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Muraveva ◽  
N. S. Talalaeva
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Basic Performance ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Standard Values

The efficient financial management in profit organizations are the getting their specific values of basic performance indicators (efficiency criteria), which characterize the solvability, financial capability, profitability of the economic agents. It’s not correct to use standard values estimating the efficiency of small and medium-sized companies’ financial management, being that such enterprises carry on business in the specific industry (there are not the diversification of business) in one specific region, having a small range of activity and sales. This determines the fundamental inequality conditions and objective preconditions their business, being reflected in financial status and results. The research takes into consideration the industry and regional environmental features, using the financial data reporting of profit-making small and medium-size enterprises of the Volgograd Region, which do business in distributive trade, manufacture, building and construction sector. Logics of research based on reference approach to estimate the efficiency of financial management: the values of basic performance indicators of enterprise getting profit a long time in spite of changing in the region’s economic climate, should be taken as the target values corresponding to efficient financial management. Based on research numerical values of industry-specific performance indicators were got. Those indicators are not equal to standard values. The target level of financial indicators serves as a guidemark for small and medium-sized companies to get the efficient financial management and be reaching profitability.

scholarly journals Lean Management Implementation in Small and Medium Sized Companies – A Success Case Study in a Manufacturing Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-121
Author(s):  
Fernando Romana
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Operational Flow ◽  
Special Relevance

Abstract Objective: The aim of this paper is to understand a production system of a forging and presses structure of a centenary factory in terms of a cultural change on the management approach. Methodology: The study was focused on many aspects such as the pieces production lead time, a time study of the setups, the Overall Equipment Effectiveness determination for the Computer Numeric Control machinery and an analysis of the production cells operational flow. Findings: For the aspects that were analysed during the study, the problems are identified, and the root causes determined. At the end of the assessment stage Lean tools and concepts for fixing the problems were proposed, like new rules for production planning, setups procedures, 5S toll usage and a Lean implementation plan that is adapted to the company. Value Added: The high industrial competitivity has dictated the development for this sector that – allied with the inconstant and unstable economic environment – makes the companies very vulnerable and highly dependent of the global market. This is a concern of special relevance for the Small and Medium Size companies that are increasingly adopting Lean solutions to continuously improve their operational value chain and the management approach, for a more systemic way of thinking. Recommendations: For some of the solutions an impact study with their implementation was made. An analysis of the success factors proposed in the literature that were verified during the assessment stage of the case study was performed as well.

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