Zkušenosti z projektového přístupu ve výuce technologických předmětů na VŠCHT Praha – výuka pro praxi

A proposal was formulated at the University of Chemical Technology (UCT) Prague in 2016 to implement the project approach in teaching technology subjects. A grant was awarded for an Operational Program Research Development and Education project called "Education Improvement – UCT Prague Priority" from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic. The project's main goals were that UCT graduates would understand the application of chemistry in practice simultaneously in the context of the given field of study, as well as the law, economy, safety and environmental impact, realize the importance of viability and profitability of technical projects, learn about usable methods applied in the implementation of technical projects, and get acquainted with the principles of creation of teams and team work. A team of teachers and outside consultants from practice have been created. Using the Internet and personal contacts, experience with the use of project approach in teaching at the Czech universities has been gathered. Experience from the project approach in teaching at UCT Prague has been summed up. Basic 12 modules of real-life technical projects have been defined and described in a Methodical Handbook which also includes a number of tools for students. A new subject has been created on the use of scheduling software. A total of 8 technology subjects have been selected for piloting of the project in 2018–2021, employing the created tools. The experience with teaching the pilot subjects was used in the lifelong education of the university teachers. The results will also be used for the teaching other technology subjects at UCT Prague. It can be expected that the project will contribute to a better employability of fresh graduates, their faster adaptation to the requirements of practice, a faster career growth, and that it will improve the feedback from graduates to the teaching staff and their activities at UCT Prague.

Implementace opatření na podporu žáků se sociálním znevýhodněním ve Zlínském kraji

The paper responds to the current topic of school issues by addressing issues of equal opportunity in education. It deals with the presentation of a specific solution to support the education of disadvantaged pupils in the Zlín Region, which is realized within the Implementation of the Regional Action Plan for the Development of Education within the Operational Program: Research, Development and Education. The aim of the paper is to introduce the activities of the Social Pedagogical Counseling Center. The priority areas of the counseling center are the early identification of the problems of pupils at risk of school failure, for socio-economic reasons, and the support of teachers in resolving difficult situations. The implementation is based on a questionnaire survey of school needs. The purpose of the measure is to connect schools with the social aspect of fieldwork and thus contribute to the sharing of good practices in socio-pedagogical issues.

Absorption of European Funds by Romania During 2014-2020

The time span between 2014 and 2020 constitutes a new, multi-annual financial framework. During this time, by negotiating with the European Union, Romania received financing through 5 major types of funds which were part of the European Structural Investments Funds (ESIF) and which were structured in six major Operational Programs, the most consistent of which is POIM - The Major Infrastructure Operational Program (MIOP). Within this financial framework, Romania needs to improve its absorption of funds based on the experience gained in the previous framework, with regards to issues like bureaucracy, corruption, lack of qualified personnel for the implementation of projects, the transition from the quantitative side of projects to the qualitative one, and the lack of a strategic vision. The country shouldn’t continue with justifications of powerlessness that are divided between political and economic factors. Romania needs a viable solution in terms of absorption, because otherwise economic and social development projects cannot be carried out in the near future. Romania's problem is that, after 2020, it has to absorb an amount of around 80 billion euros in European Funds coming from both the Recovery and Resilience Program and the 2021-2027 allocation.

Emulators as a Tool for Control Digital System Software Debugging

The simulation of control digital systems at the architecture level, that is, emulation of the instruction set, memory cells and internal programmable registers, as well as the interrupt system and direct memory access is considered. Emulators are used for debugging embedded digital system software and in the development of new custom processors. Requirements for emulators are formalized. It is shown that the main requirements are adequate simulation of digital systems at the architecture level, the presence of a set of convenient debugging modes, as well as high efficiency of emulators, that is, the minimum possible average number of instrumental computer instructions required to simulate one instruction of the target digital system. A classification of the debugging capabilities of emulators and possible ways of implementing debugging modes is given. The composition of the emulators is described. A graphical model of the structure of the emulator is proposed. The simulation process for each instruction is presented as a sequence of execution of smaller operations. If different instructions include the same operations, these operations can be performed by the same software modules. These modules can be included in all the corresponding blocks of the emulator that simulate the execution of instructions, or the emulator can include only one copy of each operational program module, and the module can be accessed while simulating the corresponding instruction. Determination of the structure of the emulator is formalized as an extreme task, the objective function of which is the minimum average time for simulating the execution of one instruction of the target digital system, and the limitation is the maximum allowable memory size of the instrumental computer occupied by the emulator. A practical method for determining the structure of the emulator is proposed.

RESULTS AND PERSPECTIVES IN IMPLEMENTING REGIONAL OPERATIONAL PROGRAM

Increasing the efficiency of structural funds and the rate of absorption is one of the opportunity that Romanian economy has to maximize. The article presents a general analysis on the absorption of Regional Operational Program for the financial programming period 2007-2013. This evolution is being regarded in the context of improving the efficiency of the Regional Operational Program for the present financial programming period 2014-2020, in order to use the experience accumulated and to increase the absorption rate.

Przedsięwzięcia prośrodowiskowe finansowane ze środków funduszy unijnych

The EU promotes the implementation of pro-ecological solutions in the member states to restore the environment in order to improve the living conditions of the citizens. Co-financing for the implementation of projects supporting the protection of climate change is mainly provided under the Infrastructure and Environment Operational Program, as well as Regional Operational Programs and the Cohesion Fund. The aim of the article is to show how helpful measures will contribute to the improvement of the favorable environment.The dogmatic and legal analysis was used as the basic research method, which made it possible to select the extent to which EU funds support pro-environmental activities.

Evaluating the Effect of Green Infrastructure in Mitigating the Urban Heat Island Effect Using Remote Sensing

<p>Urban green infrastructure in the form of green roofs and vertical gardens is gradually becoming a mainstream development option to mitigate the negative impacts of dense urbanization, and primarily those associated with the urban heat island effect and the consequent vulnerability due to climate change (Nektarios and Ntoulas, 2017). Nevertheless, the quantification of the effect of green infrastructure in comparison to conventional infrastructure as well as tree parks and gardens, can be a challenge in a rapidly changing urban environment, especially due to historical gaps in environmental parameter monitoring. Here we propose the use of land surface temperature (LST) [<sup>o</sup>C] produced using freely available LandSat imagery at 30 m resolution, to evaluate the effect of green infrastructure on urban surface temperature. The method relies on the comparison of historical LST timeseries of an area of interest which has undergone urban greening interventions with adjacent city blocks that have retained their conventional urban character. The method is applied to evaluate the impact of the recently constructed Eco Campus Orange (ECO) garden, which has resulted from the renovation of 4 city blocks in Paris, France. Within an area over 3 ha, ECO employs environmentally friendly materials and 100,000 plants to feature 2,300 m<sup>2</sup> of green wall and “the largest green roof of Europe”. For the area of interest, over 250 LandSat 5, 7, and 8 multispectral images dating from 2010 to 2020, were analyzed after Ermida et al. (2020). Results show that, since its construction, LST at ECO quickly dropped by over 2 <sup>o</sup>C, reaching the LST levels of adjacent urban parks. The method is ideal for ambient temperature timeseries reconstruction where long-term monitoring is sparce and can be applied to evaluate drastic landscape changes such as urban greening or vegetation thinning.</p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p>Ermida, S.L., Soares, P., Mantas, V., Göttsche, F.M., Trigo, I.F., 2020. Google earth engine open-source code for land surface temperature estimation from the landsat series. Remote Sens. https://doi.org/10.3390/RS12091471</p><p>Nektarios, P.A., Ntoulas, N., 2017. Designing green roofs for arid and semi-arid climates. The route towards the adaptive approach, in: Acta Horticulturae. International Society for Horticultural Science, pp. 197–202. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2017.1189.39</p><p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p><p>The research was co-financed by the European Union and Greek national funds through the Operational Program RIS3Crete (COMPOLIVE: ΚΡΗΡ3-0028773)</p><p>The research of MG was co-financed by the European Union and Greek national funds through the Operational Program "Human Resource Development, Education and Lifelong Learning", under the Act "STRENGTHENING post-doctoral fellows / researchers - B cycle" (MIS 5033021) implemented by the State Scholarship Foundation.</p>

Development of Brasov SMEs through public financing of innovative products or services

The profit of organizations can be increased by the approach to existing funding for the private actors (SMEs/Micro-enterprises), namely those through the Regional Operational Program (ROP) 2014-2020 and the various projects financed and implemented in Braşov County. This analyze was performed according to the efficient systematization of the services and innovative products obtained; the way how they apply and use the funding to achieve the overall objectives of the financed project and the indicators provided in the projects. Following these, a number of 10 projects implemented in Braşov were chosen, examples of good practice, with a final report as deliverable. It includes the results obtained and the efficiency solutions, as well as certain mistakes that should not be repeated. This paper makes, for the first time, a synthesis of the issues in the field of microenterprises financing in Braşov and then an analysis of the phenomena that occurred during the implementation of the projects. Taken in consideration the new funding for SMEs in the period 2021-2027, we need as many successful projects and beneficiaries as possible, for accessing and using existing public funds in Braşov City and County.

Operation of Public Authorities in the Time of COVID-19 in Poland – Principles of Electronic Communication with the Party and Participants to Proceedings from the Perspective of the Activity of the Managing Authority of the Regional Operational Program

On 14 March 2020 the state of epidemic threat was introduced in Poland applicable until 20 March 2020 when the state of epidemic was introduced in the territory of the Republic of Poland. The situation associated with the growing number of SARS-CoV-2 infections forced ongoing monitoring of the epidemic situation, which entailed an introduction of a number of restrictions and solutions intended to isolate the infected persons on the one hand, and to minimize the risk of development of an epidemic in Poland on the other. Activity of the Polish legislator is also essential, which tried to introduce solutions that would correspond with current expectations and needs. In this paper, the author points to the issues of communication with a public authority by specific reflections on the principles of serving documents on beneficiaries of EU programs under which they were awarded funding for their implementation. The author points to the dynamics of the legislator’s work in this respect by analyzing the rules for serving documents by a public authority on beneficiaries who are public entities and those who are not.