scholarly journals Effects of chronic exposure to lead, cadmium, and manganese mixtures on oxidative stress in rat liver and heart / Utjecaj kronične istodobne izloženosti olovu, kadmiju i manganu na oksidativni stres u jetri i srcu štakora

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Markiewicz-Górka ◽  
Lidia Januszewska ◽  
Aleksandra Michalak ◽  
Adam Prokopowicz ◽  
Ewa Januszewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Combined Exposure ◽  
Bilirubin Concentration ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Alt Activity

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the effects of chronic combined exposure to low, environmental doses of Cd, Pb, and Mn on oxidative stress in the liver and heart of rats and on their liver function parameters. Male Wistar rats were divided randomly into eight groups. For nine months controls were receiving drinking water alone, whereas the exposed groups were receiving drinking water with Pb (0.2 mg L-1), Cd (1 mg L-1), and Mn (2 mg L-1) alone or in combinations. Malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly increased in both heart and liver of the animals after combined exposure to metals. Heart MDA correlated with blood Cd, Pb, and Mn and liver MDA with blood Cd. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity and bilirubin concentration also increased significantly in the animal group exposed to all three metals and correlated positively with blood Cd, Pb, and Mn. Our study has confirmed the synergistic effect of the Cd, Mn, and Pb combination on the increase in heart MDA. A similar synergy was observed for Pb+Mn in the increase of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity as an indicator of liver function.

Differential oxidative stress and DNA damage in rat brain regions and blood following chronic arsenic exposure

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Mishra ◽  
SJS Flora
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Single Strand ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Chronic Arsenic Exposure ◽  
The Brain

Chronic arsenic poisoning caused by contaminated drinking water is a wide spread and worldwide problem particularly in India and Bangladesh. One of the possible mechanisms suggested for arsenic toxicity is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The present study was planned 1) to evaluate if chronic exposure to arsenic leads to oxidative stress in blood and brain – parts of male Wistar rats and 2) to evaluate which brain region of the exposed animals was more sensitive to oxidative injury. Male Wistar rats were exposed to arsenic (50 ppm sodium arsenite in drinking water) for 10 months. The brain was dissected into five major parts, pons medulla, corpus striatum, cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. A number of biochemical variables indicative of oxidative stress were studied in blood and different brain regions. Single-strand DNA damage using comet assay was also assessed in lymphocytes. We observed a significant increase in blood and brain ROS levels accompanied by the depletion of GSH/GSSG ratio and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity in different brain regions of arsenic-exposed rats. Chronic arsenic exposure also caused significant single-strand DNA damage in lymphocytes as depicted by comet with a tail in arsenic-exposed cells compared with the control cells. On the basis of results, we concluded that the cortex region of the brain was more sensitive to oxidative injury compared with the other regions studied. The present study, thus, leads us to suggest that arsenic induces differential oxidative stress in brain regions with cortex followed by hippocampus and causes single-strand DNA damage in lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Chronic exposure of adult male Wistar rats to bisphenol A causes testicular oxidative stress: Role of gallic acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Gbadebo Olukole ◽  
Eunice Olufunke Ola-Davies ◽  
Damilare Olaniyi Lanipekun ◽  
Bankole Olusiji Oke
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

AbstractObjectives. Bisphenol A (BPA) has been reported that among other male reproductive dys-functions, it can cause marked estrogenic effects including alteration in serum hormones as well as testicular lesions in exposed animals. This work sought to study the role of gallic acid (GA), a known antioxidant, on the BPA-induced testicular oxidative stress in adult male Wistar rats using serum hormone analysis, histopathology, and biochemical assays.Methods. Adult male rats were divided into four groups (n=10) including control (0.2 ml of corn oil), GA (20 mg/kg/day), BPA (10 mg/kg/day), BPA+GA (BPA, 10 mg/kg/day + GA, 20 mg/kg/day). All medications were given by oral gavage for 45 consecutive days. The body and testicular weights were measured. Blood and organ samples were collected for the serum hormonal assay: testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin (PRL), and tissue biochemistry analysis: superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), respectively.Results. The BPA-treated rats showed significant reduction in the gonadosomatic index. BPA also caused significant decrease in the levels of the serum testosterone and prolactin. Furthermore, BPA induced testicular oxidative stress by decreasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and increasing reactive oxygen species. However, co-treatment with GA protected against these alterations.Conclusion. Findings from the present study confirmed the previously reported data and show that the ability of GA, as a potent antioxidant, may protect against BPA-induced alterations in the male reproductive function. Hence, GA protects against testicular oxidative stress in adult male Wistar rats following chronic exposure to BPA.

Effects of Chronic Exposure to Electromagnetic Waves at 930 MHz Frequency on Oxidative Stress in Plasma and Some Organs of Wistar Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
L. TAZROUT L. TAZROUT ◽  
◽  
K. TALEA K. TALEA ◽  
S. EL AMRANI S. EL AMRANI ◽  
I. M’TOUGUY I. M’TOUGUY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Wistar Rats

Insulin-induced endothelin release and vasoreactivity in hypertriglyceridemic and hypertensive rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (1) ◽  
pp. H399-H404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Nava ◽  
Verónica Guarner ◽  
Rosalinda Posadas ◽  
Israel Pérez ◽  
Guadalupe Baños
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Receptor Blocker ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Contractile Responses ◽  
Femoral Arteries ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Insulin-elicited endothelin release in hypertriglyceridemic, hypertensive, hyperinsulinemic (HTG) rats was shown. Weanling male Wistar rats were given 30% sucrose in their drinking water for 20–24 wk. In vitro contractions of aorta and femoral arteries were elicited with 40 mM KCl. Endothelin release induced with KCl plus 50 μU/ml insulin resulted in increases in contractile responses: 41 ± 5.9 and 57 ± 6% for control and 65.5 ± 6 and 95 ± 9% for HTG aortas and femoral arteries, respectively. The endothelin ETB-receptor blocker BQ-788 decreased responses to KCl + insulin by 39 ± 8 and 53 ± 5% in control and 48 ± 13 and 79 ± 3.5% in HTG aortas and femoral arteries, respectively. The ETA-receptor antagonist PD-151242 inhibited these responses by 12 ± 10 and 1 ± 9% in control and by 51.5 ± 9 and 58.5 ± 1% in HTG aortas and femoral arteries, respectively. These results suggest that endothelin may contribute to the hypertension in this model.

Aortic-banding induces myocardial oxidative stress and changes in concentration and activity of antioxidants in male Wistar rats

Life Sciences ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 79 (23) ◽  
pp. 2187-2193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria H.V.M. Jacob ◽  
Mauro R.N. Pontes ◽  
Alex S.R. Araújo ◽  
Jaqueline Barp ◽  
Maria C. Irigoyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Aortic Banding ◽  
Myocardial Oxidative Stress ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

scholarly journals The subchronic effects of 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine on oxidative stress in rat brain

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081
Author(s):  
Ivan Simic ◽  
Violeta Iric-Cupic ◽  
Rada Vucic ◽  
Marina Petrovic ◽  
Violeta Mladenovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the subchronic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on several oxidative stress markers: index of lipid peroxidation (ILP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, superoxide radical (O2.-) levels, and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the frontal cortex, striatum and hippocampus of the rat. The study included 64 male Wistar rats (200-250g). The animals were treated per os with of 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) every day for 15 days. The subchronic administration of MDMA resulted in an increase in ILP, SOD and O2.-, and a decrease in GSH, from which we conclude that oxidative stress was induced in rat brain.

Chronic consumption of Hypericum humifusum leaf extracts impairs epididymis spermatozoa characters in association with oxidative stress in adult male Wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 616-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imen Hammami ◽  
Ridha Ben Ali ◽  
Afef Nahdi ◽  
Olfa Kallech-Ziri ◽  
Marwa Boussada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Male Wistar Rats
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