Rare Earth Elements of Orzeskie Beds of South-West Part Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland) / Pierwiastki Ziem Rzadkich Z Pokładów Węgla Warstw Orzeskich Południowo-Zachodniej Części Gzw (Polska)

Abstract The subject of the research concerned the coal samples from 360/1, 361 and 362/1 seams of the Orzesze beds in the “Pniówek” coal mine. The obtained samples were characterized by low ash content - 2.22- 6.27% of the mass. The chemical composition of the ash indicates the presence of aluminosilicate minerals in the analyzed coal samples - most likely clay minerals, the presence of which has been confirmed in microscopic tests of the petrographic composition of channel samples of coal. The content of rare earth elements (REE sum) in the ash of the tested coal seams ranged from 364 to 1429 ppm. Variation of the REE content has been observed within a single seam. The fraction of REE indicates a relation with a mineral substance. No relation of the REE fraction and the presence of red beds has been found based on the tested samples. The content of REE found in ash, normalized to chondrites, is characterized by LREE enrichment in relation to HREE. The Eu anomaly is most likely related to tuff and tonstein levels occurring in Orzesze beds, which accompany the coal seams in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (i.a., south of the studied area). The research has indicated that LREE in the tested samples are more related to the mineral substance, while HREE have a stronger affinity with organic substances.

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Rare Earth Elements (REE) in Claystones with Selected Coal Seams of the Mudstone and Sandstone Series of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi ◽

10.1515/gospo-2016-0028 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 39-66

Author(s):

Magdalena Kokowska-Pawłowska

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Coal Seams ◽

Coal Basin ◽

High Positive Correlation ◽

The North ◽

Ignition Loss

AbstractIn this paper results of investigation on the variability of REE contents in the clayey rocks accompanying selected coal seams from Zaleskie and Ruda beds of western part of Upper Silesia Coal Basin (USCB) have been presented. 75 samples have been analysed from the claystones coexisting with coal seams 405 and 408 collected from the USCB area. Contents of selected REE have been assessed with a use of the Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA). In regard to the constraints of this method following elements underwent evaluation: scandium (Sc), lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), Europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu). Contents of yttrium (Y) was determined with a use of the Fusion-Inductively-Coupled Plasma (FUSICP) method.In all featured groups of claystone (claystone, sandy claystone and siderite claystone) the highest, although diverse content of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3and K2O were observed. Whatever the petrographic character of the claystone rocks, among the analyzed rare earth elements, the highest participation of Ce, La, Y, Nd and Sc were found. Other analyzed REE showed significantly lower content. Some regional diversity of REE in the area of study was also observed. In the south-western part of the USCB, higher participation showed: Y, Sm and Nd, while in the north-western part: Sc. To determine the dependence between content of rare earth elements and chemical composition, the correlation-coefficients were calculated. In the calculations ratio SiO2/Al2O3and increased content of P2O5, ignition loss and Fe2O3were taken into account. Most of the elements analyzed in group of rocks distinguished by increased content of P2O5and ignition loss, showed high positive correlation with chemical composition. In almost all groups of rocks negative correlation with MnO, loss on ignition and sometimes with CaO was found. Rocks represented by siderite claystone are characterized by the highest values of correlation coefficients of rare earth elements with Fe2O3.

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Sedimentary Rocks Associated with the Coal Seams of the Saddle Beds from the Chwałowice Trough – West Part of Upper Silesian Coal Basin / Skały Osadowe Towarzyszące Pokładom Węgla Warstw Siodłowych Niecki Chwałowickiej – Zachodnia Część Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego

Archives of Mining Sciences ◽

10.1515/amsc-2015-0024 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 359-373

Author(s):

Katarzyna Stanienda

Keyword(s):

Clay Minerals ◽

Sedimentary Rocks ◽

Heavy Minerals ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Coal Seams ◽

Coal Basin ◽

X Ray ◽

Upper Silesian Coal Basin ◽

West Part ◽

Small Grains

Abstract The results of investigation of the associated rocks with the Saddle Beds Coals Seams from Chwałowice Trough were presented in this article. The results of researches show that sandstones and mudstones dominate in the investigating profile. Claystones are situated mainly in ceilings and floors of coal seams. Grains of sandstones include mainly quartz, feldspars, micas and also quartzite’s and gneiss’s fragments. It is also possible to observe small grains of heavy minerals. Some of sandstones present bad compactness and are destroyed during transportation. This feature is connected with presence of little quantity of cement, especially in medium grained sandstones, which include more matrix than typical cement. The cement is built mainly of clay minerals, kaolinite and illite, carbonates and chalcedony but X-ray diffraction confirmed also the presence of halite in the cement of investigated sandstones. Mudstones and claystones are composed mainly of clay minerals. It’s also possible to find quartz and micas there. Higher amounts of quartz and micas are possible to find rather in mudstones. The associated rocks with the Saddle Beds Coal Seams from Chwałowice Trough include also organic matter.

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Volcanoclastic minerals of some Czechoslovakian tonsteins and their alteration

Clay Minerals ◽

10.1180/claymin.1992.027.3.01 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 269-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Z. Weiss ◽

A. Baronnet ◽

M. Chmielova

Keyword(s):

Coal Seams ◽

Coal Basin ◽

Upper Carboniferous ◽

Upper Silesian Coal Basin ◽

Mineral Assemblages ◽

Clayey Rocks ◽

Quartz Grains

AbstractIn the Czechoslovak part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Ostrava-Karvina Coal Basin), only part of the Upper Carboniferous (Namurian A, B, C and Westphalian A) is well developed, and tonsteins, which are clayey rocks or claystones, occur as thin, clayey interlayers in the coal seams. Two types of primary volcanic mineral assemblages were identified in four tonstein samples from different coal seams; the first type is characterized by the presence of biotite and sanidine, and the second by the presence of biotite, bytownite and Ca-amphibole. All tonsteins studied contained kaolinite minerals, volcanic quartz grains, crystals of zircon and apatite. Separated biotite flakes with an admixture of kaolinite layers were identified as 1M polytype. The flakes without kaolinite minerals were identified as epitactic overgrowth of 1M and complex polytypes, and twinned crystals of 2M1 polytype. Kaolinization of biotite flakes was observed in all tonstein samples studied. Kaolinite single layers (7 Å) as well as two-layer polytype of kaolinite minerals (14 Å) sandwiched between biotite layers (10 Å) were identified by HRTEM imaging.

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Identifying Correlation of Coal Seams in the Tien Hai Area, Northern Vietnam by Using Multivariate Statistic Methods

Inżynieria Mineralna ◽

10.29227/im-2021-02-11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

The Hung KHUONG ◽

Phuong NGUYEN ◽

Thi Cuc NGUYEN ◽

Nhu Sang PHAM ◽

Danh Tuyen NGUYEN

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Rare Earth ◽

Coal Seam ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Major And Trace Elements ◽

Coal Seams ◽

Multivariate Statistic ◽

Northern Vietnam ◽

Coal Deposits ◽

Indicator Elements

In northern Vietnam, the Tien Hai area is considered a high potential area of coal deposits. Twohundred fifty-six geochemical coal samples of 13 cores in the Tien Hai area investigate coal seams andcoal deposits to identify the correlation of coal seams. According to the statistical method and clusteranalysis of geochemical samples, the results indicate that the Mg, V, As, Ca, Zn, Cr, Co, K, Na, Sr, Fe,Ge, Re, U, Mo, Th, and Ga elements are good indicator elements of the major and trace elements in coal.Most of them comply with the normal or lognormal distribution rules. Besides, the Yb, Sc, Ho, Er, Tm,Lu, Y, Tb, Pr, Dy, and Sm elements are also good indicator elements for rare earth elements in the region.Therefore, the selected elements are used to identify the correlation of the coal seams in the Tien Hai area.Based on the similarity degree between studied objects, the results of grouping boreholes in coal seamsshow that the correlation of coal seam TV2-11 is suitable and acceptable, the coal seams TV3-6a, TV3-6b, and TV3-6c can be grouped into the coal seam TV3-6. These results present that the models can helpstudy geochemical coal samples and identify the correlation of the coal seams in the Tien Hai area.Additionally, the statistical analysis shows a remarkable degree to determine the correlation of the coalseams. Geochemical coal data can help to evaluate the indicator elements of the major, trace elements,and rare earth elements in coal seams and coal rashing of adjoining and pillar rocks in the Tien Hai area,northern Vietnam.

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Methane emissions against the background of natural and mining conditions in the Budryk and Pniówek mines in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Poland)

Environmental Earth Sciences ◽

10.1007/s12665-021-10063-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (22) ◽

Author(s):

Marcin Dreger ◽

Sławomir Kędzior

Keyword(s):

Methane Emissions ◽

Geological Structure ◽

Methane Content ◽

Coal Extraction ◽

Hard Coal ◽

Coal Seams ◽

Coal Basin ◽

Related Factors ◽

Upper Silesian Coal Basin ◽

Mining Conditions

AbstractThe paper presents the variability of hard coal output, methane content and methane emissions into coal workings and into the atmosphere from the two most methane-gassy coal mines in Poland. The Budryk mine is one of the youngest mines in Poland, but it is the most methane-gassy as well. In 2016, the total CH4 emissions exceed 140 million of m3. This large increase in methane emissions to mine workings is primarily related to the increase in the depth of coal extraction (up to 1290 m) and, consequently, the rapid increase in the methane content in coal seams (up to 10–12 m3/Mg coaldaf). On the other hand, in the Pniówek mine, methane emission was the highest at the beginning of the study period (1986–1991). During the following years, emission decreased to the values of less than 140 million of m3, which were still one of the largest amounts of emitted methane in the entire Upper Silesian Coal Basin. The coexistence of natural factors, such as the geological structure and gas distribution, as well as mining-related factors, i.e. the depth of mining, the intensity of coal extraction determines the temporal variability of methane emissions in the studied mines.

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The significance of energy consumption in environmental impact of rare earth elements recovery from tailings and mining waste

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201910802011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 108 ◽

pp. 02011

Author(s):

Karolina Kossakowska ◽

Katarzyna Grzesik

Keyword(s):

Rare Earth ◽

Environmental Impact ◽

Rare Earth Elements ◽

Energy Use ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Electricity Production ◽

The European Union ◽

The Eu ◽

Lca Results ◽

Critical Raw Materials

Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are identified as critical raw materials for the European Union economy. REEs are not currently produced in the EU, while there are several sources not properly addressed. Within the ENVIREE project tailings from New Kankberg (Sweden) and Covas (Portugal) were identified as rich in REEs and chosen for recovery processing. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology was used to evaluate the environmental impact of REEs recovery. The aim of this study is the detailed analysis of several scenarios with different electricity production schemes of REE recovery. The study discusses the share of energy use in the overall impact on the environment, taking into account diversification in the electricity production structure among EU countries. The energy use is a significant contributor to the overall environmental impact of studied cases. Its share in the total environmental burden is reaching up to 47%. The results show that applying the average electricity scheme production for Europe may lead to biased LCA results. For the accurate LCA results the local production schemes of energy for certain countries should be chosen.

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