Overstandin: Upscaling reading positions and rescaling texts/signs

AbstractOverstandin occurs when languagers upscale their reading positions to rescale the meanings of texts or signs according to their own intentions. While understanding is an important faculty for languagers and a central analytical category for applied linguistics research, it cannot fully grasp agency and creativity in complex languaging in postcolonial worlds. By focusing on processes of overstandin, this article shows how languagers assume an upscaled reading position from which they find opportunities to attack the form and function of a text/sign. Thereby they can destabilise the indexical equilibrium of a sign and show up the ambivalence of language. Understanding often erases this ambivalence. For this reason, the exposure of ambivalence through overstandin can be emancipative, especially in postcolonial thinking. I further argue that overstandin is emphasised in the dream-state – both conceptualised as a state of relative unconscious experiencing and a wish, desire, aspiration for an emancipated future. In the dream-state the signifier stands over the signified. Such processes of overstandin pose challenges to applied linguistics, which continues to rely on wake-state understanding as a central analytical category for its gaze and its methods and thereby reproduces hegemonic knowledge-power structures that have been put in place during Enlightenment, colonialism and current global modernities. This article suggests that an account of processes of overstandin as an agentive meaning-making of the epistemic hinterlands of the postcolonial, could rehabilitate ambivalence as an anthropological category for our discipline. My detour via dream-states is merely a rhetoric of the argument presented here and it should not be assumed that I suggest that applied linguists have to turn to mysticism or dream analysis in order to account for overstandin, scaling and indexical ambivalence. The oneiric rhetoric itself is an overstandin, which aims to challenge common-sense empiricism in our discipline.

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A Linguistic Study of Ibn-Khaldoon’s Introduction: A Procedural Study in the Light of (Folklore Linguistics Project)

ALUSTATH JOURNAL FOR HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36473/ujhss.v213i1.650 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 213 (1) ◽

pp. 61-86

Author(s):

Dr. Niama Dahash Farhan Al-Tae

Keyword(s):

Applied Linguistics ◽

Linguistic Theory ◽

Linguistic Variation ◽

Linguistic Development ◽

Linguistic Structure ◽

Form And Function ◽

Linguistic Research ◽

New Type ◽

And Function ◽

And Linguistics

The linguistic theory of heritage has adopted the ancient Arabic linguistic Folklore as a subject for various studies on the basis of the principles of rereading, which is characterized by multi-purposes like briefing ancient linguistic perceptions and interpreting them in accordance with the new trends of linguistic research in a way to equalize the ancient linguistic thought results. The new trends in linguistic theories have a new view to identify its historical and civilized value according to the new type of a new reading to have it been as an intellectual attitude by itself. As the linguistic subjects involve certain purposes, this study aims at finding out the closeness and similarity between the Arabic linguistic folklore and the new trends in linguistics. To be tackled with in our Arabic folklore is what Ibn-Khaldoon left, which is used to be distinguished and pre his era, regarding applied linguistic similarities. His remarks extended to theoretical linguistic issues related to Arabic, in particular. He talked about language and linguistics ; their concepts and natures, tackled with the issue of linguistic development and the functions of parsing regarding its nature as far as form and function concerned. He indicated rhetoric and eloquence and deeply showed the relation between language and society. Such nature and its earlier effect of what we call linguistic variation , or to put it more precisely, it was as an attempt to explore the extent of equivalence between the linguistic structure and socio-psycho structures which used to be as the basic foundation of applied linguistics; therefore, these similarities have been demonstrated in two sections: 1 - Psycholinguistic similarities according to Ibn-Khaldoon. 2 - Sociolinguistic similarity according to Ibn-Khaldoon.

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Form and function of negation in German and Indonesian: Searching for equivalent construction of meaning

Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics ◽

10.17509/ijal.v9i3.23218 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 675-684

Author(s):

Sulis Triyono ◽

Wening Sahayu ◽

M. Margana

Keyword(s):

Semantic Similarity ◽

Meaning Making ◽

Element Distribution ◽

Form And Function ◽

Sorting Technique ◽

Reading Technique ◽

Construction Of Meaning ◽

Distributional Method ◽

Meaning Transfer ◽

And Function

This study analysed form and function of negation in German including the complexity of negation construction in German and its equivalence in Indonesian language. This study was qualitative in nature, describing the nature of negation in German and Indonesian language in two books: Carolin Philipps’ German novel, Traume Wohnen Überall, and Liliawati Kurnia’s translation into Indonesian, Mimpi Selalu Indah as an instance of the negation realization in texts. The validity of the data was determined by experts’ judgment and the reliability of the data by interrater and intrarater estimation. The data were analysed by using a correspondential method with a referential sorting technique involving reference to negation construction as a determiner, and a distributional method with an element distribution technique and a marker reading technique. The analysis indicates that there are six negation forms with respective meanings in German characterized by semantic similarity along with grammatical differences in the negation constructions in German and Indonesian. The findings show that German negation construction is considerably more complex. However, the different degree of complexity does not substantially influence the meaning making process in both languages; rather. tend to be mutually complementary. The findings of this study inform the way in which the meaning transfer of German-Indonesian and Indonesian-German should be made regardless of the complex negation in German.

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Spectrums of thought in gesture

Pragmatics & Cognition ◽

10.1075/pc.17024.ste ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 441-473

Author(s):

Michael Paul Stevens ◽

Simon Harrison

Keyword(s):

Video Analysis ◽

Meaning Making ◽

Interview Data ◽

Form And Function ◽

Philosophical Standpoint ◽

And Function

Abstract This study examines the form and function of gestural depictions that develop over extended stretches of concept explanation by a philosopher. Building on Streeck’s (2009) explorations of depiction by gesture, we examine how this speaker’s process of exposition involves sequences of multimodal, analogical depiction by which the philosophical concepts are not only expressed through gesture forms, but also dynamically analyzed and construed through gestural activity. Drawing on perspectives of gesture as active meaning making (Müller 2014, 2016, Streeck 2009), we argue that the build-up of gestures in depiction sequences, activated through a multimodal metaphor (Müller & Cienki 2009), engages the wider philosophical standpoint of the speaker. Using video analysis supported by interview data, we demonstrate how examination of gestures within and across discourse can lead to understanding of how dynamic, embodied, and subjective processes of conceptualization contribute to philosophical theorizing.

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Relationship form and function: Exploring meaning‐making in young adults' romantic histories

Personal Relationships ◽

10.1111/pere.12400 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tyler B. Jamison ◽

Caroline M. Sanner

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Meaning Making ◽

Form And Function ◽

And Function

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Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) of DNA and RNA

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100152148 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 34-35

Author(s):

Patricia G. Arscott ◽

Gil Lee ◽

Victor A. Bloomfield ◽

D. Fennell Evans

Keyword(s):

Molecular Structures ◽

Inorganic Materials ◽

Resolving Power ◽

Scanning Tunneling ◽

Tunneling Microscopy ◽

Form And Function ◽

Dna And Rna ◽

Calf Thymus ◽

And Function ◽

The Relationship

STM is one of the most promising techniques available for visualizing the fine details of biomolecular structure. It has been used to map the surface topography of inorganic materials in atomic dimensions, and thus has the resolving power not only to determine the conformation of small molecules but to distinguish site-specific features within a molecule. That level of detail is of critical importance in understanding the relationship between form and function in biological systems. The size, shape, and accessibility of molecular structures can be determined much more accurately by STM than by electron microscopy since no staining, shadowing or labeling with heavy metals is required, and there is no exposure to damaging radiation by electrons. Crystallography and most other physical techniques do not give information about individual molecules.We have obtained striking images of DNA and RNA, using calf thymus DNA and two synthetic polynucleotides, poly(dG-me5dC)·poly(dG-me5dC) and poly(rA)·poly(rU).

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