A Linguistic Study of Ibn-Khaldoon’s Introduction: A Procedural Study in the Light of (Folklore Linguistics Project)

The linguistic theory of heritage has adopted the ancient Arabic linguistic Folklore as a subject for various studies on the basis of the principles of rereading, which is characterized by multi-purposes like briefing ancient linguistic perceptions and interpreting them in accordance with the new trends of linguistic research in a way to equalize the ancient linguistic thought results. The new trends in linguistic theories have a new view to identify its historical and civilized value according to the new type of a new reading to have it been as an intellectual attitude by itself. As the linguistic subjects involve certain purposes, this study aims at finding out the closeness and similarity between the Arabic linguistic folklore and the new trends in linguistics. To be tackled with in our Arabic folklore is what Ibn-Khaldoon left, which is used to be distinguished and pre his era, regarding applied linguistic similarities. His remarks extended to theoretical linguistic issues related to Arabic, in particular. He talked about language and linguistics ; their concepts and natures, tackled with the issue of linguistic development and the functions of parsing regarding its nature as far as form and function concerned. He indicated rhetoric and eloquence and deeply showed the relation between language and society. Such nature and its earlier effect of what we call linguistic variation , or to put it more precisely, it was as an attempt to explore the extent of equivalence between the linguistic structure and socio-psycho structures which used to be as the basic foundation of applied linguistics; therefore, these similarities have been demonstrated in two sections: 1 - Psycholinguistic similarities according to Ibn-Khaldoon. 2 - Sociolinguistic similarity according to Ibn-Khaldoon.

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On the evolving connections between psychology and linguistics

Annual Review of Applied Linguistics ◽

10.1017/s0267190501000010 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 3-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Norman Segalowitz

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

Perspective Taking ◽

Applied Linguistics ◽

Psychological Research ◽

The Other ◽

Special Role ◽

Linguistic Research ◽

New Development ◽

Recent Developments ◽

And Linguistics

Over four decades ago the so-called Chomskyan revolution appeared to lay the foundation for a promising new partnership between linguistics and psychology. Many have now concluded, however, that the hopes originally expressed for this partnership were not realized. This chapter is about what went wrong and where we might go from here. The discussion first identifies three reasons why initial efforts at partnership may have been inherently flawed — divergent criteria for choosing among competing theories, different ideas about what was to be explained, and different approaches to questions about biology and environment. I then argue that recent developments — especially in associative learning theory, in cognitive neuroscience, and in linguistic theory — may provide a more solid basis for partnership. Next, the chapter describes two possible ways that bridges between the disciplines might develop. One draws on recent psychological research on attention focusing and on linguistic research concerning language constructions. The other draws on the concept of affordances and perspective taking. The chapter concludes that an enduring partnership between linguistics and psychology may indeed now be possible and that there may be a special role for applied linguistics in this new development.

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Overstandin: Upscaling reading positions and rescaling texts/signs

Applied Linguistics Review ◽

10.1515/applirev-2019-0138 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Jaspal Naveel Singh

Keyword(s):

Meaning Making ◽

Applied Linguistics ◽

Power Structures ◽

Language Understanding ◽

Form And Function ◽

Dream Analysis ◽

Dream State ◽

Analytical Category ◽

And Function ◽

Wake State

AbstractOverstandin occurs when languagers upscale their reading positions to rescale the meanings of texts or signs according to their own intentions. While understanding is an important faculty for languagers and a central analytical category for applied linguistics research, it cannot fully grasp agency and creativity in complex languaging in postcolonial worlds. By focusing on processes of overstandin, this article shows how languagers assume an upscaled reading position from which they find opportunities to attack the form and function of a text/sign. Thereby they can destabilise the indexical equilibrium of a sign and show up the ambivalence of language. Understanding often erases this ambivalence. For this reason, the exposure of ambivalence through overstandin can be emancipative, especially in postcolonial thinking. I further argue that overstandin is emphasised in the dream-state – both conceptualised as a state of relative unconscious experiencing and a wish, desire, aspiration for an emancipated future. In the dream-state the signifier stands over the signified. Such processes of overstandin pose challenges to applied linguistics, which continues to rely on wake-state understanding as a central analytical category for its gaze and its methods and thereby reproduces hegemonic knowledge-power structures that have been put in place during Enlightenment, colonialism and current global modernities. This article suggests that an account of processes of overstandin as an agentive meaning-making of the epistemic hinterlands of the postcolonial, could rehabilitate ambivalence as an anthropological category for our discipline. My detour via dream-states is merely a rhetoric of the argument presented here and it should not be assumed that I suggest that applied linguists have to turn to mysticism or dream analysis in order to account for overstandin, scaling and indexical ambivalence. The oneiric rhetoric itself is an overstandin, which aims to challenge common-sense empiricism in our discipline.

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A cross-disciplinary comparison of boosting in research articles

Corpora ◽

10.3366/cor.2006.1.1.61 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 61-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Matthew Peacock

Keyword(s):

Environmental Science ◽

Academic Disciplines ◽

Research Articles ◽

Research Writing ◽

Research Papers ◽

Form And Function ◽

Communicative Strategy ◽

And Function ◽

And Linguistics ◽

Leading Journals

Boosting, using terms such as obviously and of course, is a communicative strategy for expressing firm commitment to statements. This article describes an interdisciplinary comparison of the extent, form, and function of boosters in research articles (RAs) across six academic disciplines: Business, Language and Linguistics, Public and Social Administration, Law, Physics, and Environmental Science. The investigation involved quantitative and qualitative analysis of a 1,250,000 words corpus gathered from 216 articles published in leading journals (six journals from each discipline and six articles from each journal). It was found that the boosters in the corpus played a significant role in the efforts of authors to persuade readers of the validity of their claims. The highest proportion of boosters was found in Language and Linguistics and the lowest in Environmental Science. Considerable interdisciplinary variation was also found in the form of boosters: for example, a different type and narrower range of boosters was found in the two sciences than in the other four disciplines. The results have implications for our understanding of the RA and of scientific expression, and also for teaching ESP to students who are writing dissertations and research papers. We suggest that competence in research writing includes a developed knowledge of boosting.

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A Look Back into Ancient Egyptian Linguistic Studies (c. 1995-2019)

Panta Rei ◽

10.6018/pantarei.445451 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 23-42

Author(s):

Carlos Gracia Zamacona

Keyword(s):

Human Language ◽

Form And Function ◽

Ancient Egyptian ◽

Theoretical Approaches ◽

Linguistic Research ◽

Look Back ◽

Productive Research ◽

Short Comment ◽

And Function ◽

The University

En este artículo se propone una revisión personal de la investigación lingüística de los últimos 25 años sobre el egipcio antiguo, la lengua hablada y escrita en Egipto desde el origen de la civilización egipcia escrita (hacia 3150 a. Jc.) hasta la desaparición del copto como lengua viva (siglo XVII d. Jc.), la lengua humana documentada durante más tiempo. Con este fin, se revisarán las principales corrientes teóricas y su relación con la enseñanza del antiguo egipcio en ámbito universitario. Mediante el análisis de la bibliografía más relevante de este periodo, se comentan cuatro líneas de investigación productivas: forma y función; documentos y lengua; léxico y gramática; y metalingüística en el Egipto antiguo. El artículo finaliza con un breve comentario sobre la necesidad de más estudios basados en corpora en el futuro, en lugar de los basados en marcos teóricos para la interpretación del egipcio antiguo. This article provides a personal overview of the last 25-year linguistic research on ancient Egyptian, the language spoken and written in Egypt since the origin of the written Egyptian civilization (c. 3150 BC) until the disappearance of Coptic as a living language (17th century AC), the longest-attested human language. With this purpose, the main theoretical approaches and their relationship to teaching ancient Egyptian at the university are reviewed. Through the analysis of the more relevant bibliography of the period, four productive research lines are discussed: form and function; documents and the language; lexicon and grammar; and ancient Egyptian metalinguistics. The article ends with a short comment on the need of more corpus-based studies in the future instead of theoretically-based frameworks for interpreting the ancient Egyptian language.

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Traditional and new chapters of linguistics in works of Ivan Franko in research by Professor Olexandra Serbenska

Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals ◽

10.37222/2524-0331-2019-9(27)-16 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 271-283

Author(s):

Olena Kuznetsova

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Cognitive Linguistics ◽

Applied Linguistics ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

Linguistic Research ◽

Complex Approach ◽

National University ◽

And Linguistics

Linguistics in works of Ivan Franko, or the so-called «Lingvofrankiana » is one of the key directions of numerous researches of Professor of Journalism Department of The Ivan Franko National University in Lviv, Oleksandra Serbenska, Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor. It is very relevant in the conditions of a fight for the role of the Ukrainian language as the basis for the Ukrainian state. The article rediscovers numerous linguistics chapters in monograph and works of Oleksandra Serbenska dealing with the research of Ivan Franko’s works so that to spread knowledge about Ukrainian linguistics, Ukrainian language and the language of the Ukrainian genius, Ivan Franko. It also classified her scientific publications about Ivan Franko according to genres and periods. Additionally, it interpreted, analyzed and differentiated these publications per the traditional, new and dominant chapters of the applied linguistics utilizing the methods of identification, systematization, linguistics and statistical analysis. The novelty of the research is a complex approach to the discovery of traditional and new chapters of linguistics in works of professor Oleksandra Serbenska about the language, language creation and linguistics of Ivan Franko. The findings gained in the course of the research of Ivan Franko’s works’ linguistics by Prof. Oleksandra Serbenska have important theoretical, linguistic and practical meaning and support the development of research of Ivan Franko heritage. Keywords: Olexandra Serbenska, linguistic research of Franko works, terminology, lexicography, stylistics, linguistic semantics, sociolinguistics, communicative linguistics, cognitive linguistics, linguistics concepts, linguistic phenomenology.

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Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) of DNA and RNA

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100152148 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 34-35

Author(s):

Patricia G. Arscott ◽

Gil Lee ◽

Victor A. Bloomfield ◽

D. Fennell Evans

Keyword(s):

Molecular Structures ◽

Inorganic Materials ◽

Resolving Power ◽

Scanning Tunneling ◽

Tunneling Microscopy ◽

Form And Function ◽

Dna And Rna ◽

Calf Thymus ◽

And Function ◽

The Relationship

STM is one of the most promising techniques available for visualizing the fine details of biomolecular structure. It has been used to map the surface topography of inorganic materials in atomic dimensions, and thus has the resolving power not only to determine the conformation of small molecules but to distinguish site-specific features within a molecule. That level of detail is of critical importance in understanding the relationship between form and function in biological systems. The size, shape, and accessibility of molecular structures can be determined much more accurately by STM than by electron microscopy since no staining, shadowing or labeling with heavy metals is required, and there is no exposure to damaging radiation by electrons. Crystallography and most other physical techniques do not give information about individual molecules.We have obtained striking images of DNA and RNA, using calf thymus DNA and two synthetic polynucleotides, poly(dG-me5dC)·poly(dG-me5dC) and poly(rA)·poly(rU).

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