Analysis of the complex rheological properties of highly concentrated proteins with a closed cavity rheometer

AbstractHighly concentrated biopolymers are used in food extrusion processing. It is well known that rheo-logical properties of biopolymers influence considerably both process conditions and product properties. Therefore, characterization of rheological properties under extrusion-relevant conditions is crucial to process and product design. Since conventional rheological methods are still lacking for this purpose, a novel approach is presented. A closed cavity rheometer known in the rubber industry was used to systematically characterize a highly concentrated soy protein, a very relevant protein in extruded meat analogues. Rheological properties were first determined and discussed in the linear viscoelastic range (SAOS). Rheo-logical analysis was then carried out in the non-linear viscoelastic range (LAOS), as high deformations in extrusion demand for measurements at process-relevant high strains. The protein showed gel behavior in the linear range, while liquid behavior was observed in the nonlinear range. An expected increase in elasticity through addition of methylcellulose was detected. The measurements in the non-linear range reveal significant changes of material behavior with increasing strain. As another tool for rheological characterization, a stress relaxation test was carried out which confirmed the increase of elastic behavior after methylcellulose addition.

Download Full-text

Non-linear Viscoelastic Rheological Properties of PCC/PEG Suspensions

Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics ◽

10.1088/1674-0068/22/01/46-50 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 46-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hai-lin Yang ◽

Jian-ming Ruan ◽

Jian-peng Zou ◽

Qiu-mei Wu ◽

Zhong-cheng Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheological Properties ◽

Non Linear ◽

Linear Viscoelastic

Download Full-text

Modeling and simulation of anisotropic linear viscoelasticity

Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials ◽

10.1007/s11043-020-09468-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Heinz E. Pettermann ◽

Camille Cheyrou ◽

Antonio DeSimone

Keyword(s):

Linear Viscoelasticity ◽

Matrix Material ◽

Temperature Shift ◽

Unit Cell ◽

Material Behavior ◽

Elastic Behavior ◽

Simple Material ◽

Linear Viscoelastic ◽

Anisotropic Elastic ◽

The Time Domain

Abstract A constitutive material law for linear viscoelasticity in the time domain is presented. It does not only allow for anisotropic elastic behavior but also for anisotropic (i.e. direction dependent) relaxation response. Under the assumption of thermo–rheological simple material behavior, the model is capable to account for direction dependent time–temperature-shift functions. The application is demonstrated for a linear viscoelastic matrix material reinforced by linear viscoelastic continuous fibers. The effective orthotropic linear viscoelastic response of the composite is computed by means of a periodic unit cell approach. These data, evaluated at different temperatures, are used to calibrate the input for the developed material law. Predictions from the latter are compared to the results from the unit cell simulations.

Download Full-text

Characterization of non-linear viscoelastic rheological properties of bioelastomers

Journal of Biomechanics ◽

10.1016/0021-9290(82)90138-5 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 804

Author(s):

D. Trevisan ◽

D. Geiger ◽

P. Flaud ◽

M. Bercovy ◽

D. Goutallier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheological Properties ◽

Non Linear ◽

Linear Viscoelastic

Download Full-text

Physical properties of UHT light cream: impact of the high-pressure homogenization and addition of hydrocolloids

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029921000558 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Virgínia Nardy Paiva ◽

Lucas de Souza Soares ◽

Rodrigo Stephani ◽

Álvaro Augusto Pereira Silva ◽

Antônio Fernandes de Carvalho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Rheological Properties ◽

Emulsion Stability ◽

Flow Behavior ◽

Milk Proteins ◽

Fat Content ◽

Elastic Behavior ◽

High Pressure Homogenization ◽

Low Fat ◽

Rheological Characterization

Abstract The beneficial effects of a healthy diet on the quality of life have prompted the food industry to develop low-fat variants, but fat content directly affects the physicochemical and sensory properties of food products. The utilization of high-pressure homogenization (HP) and incorporation of hydrocolloids have been suggested as strategies to improve the physical stability and rheological properties of light cream. Thus, this study aims to analyze the associated effect of high-pressure homogenization (80 MPa) and three different hydrocolloids: microcrystalline cellulose, locust bean gum and xanthan gum, on emulsion stability and rheological properties of ultra-high-temperature (UHT) light cream (ULC) with a 15% w/w fat content. The stability of ULC was determined by the ζ potential of oil droplets and emulsion stability percentage. Rheological characterization was based on flow behavior tests and dynamic oscillatory measurements, which were carried out in a rheometer. Results showed that the high-pressure homogenization process did not influence the emulsion stability of the treatments. Moreover, the hydrocolloids added to systems present weak interactions with milk proteins since all ULC showed macroscopical phase separation. The samples presented the same rheological behavior and were classified as pseudoplastic fluids (n < 1). ULC treated at 80 MPa was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) more consistent than the treatments at 20 MPa. All ULC showed a predominant elastic behavior (G′ > G″), and a remarkable increase in both G′ and G″ at 80 MPa. The results presented in this study highlight the potential of HP for altering some rheological characteristics of UHT light cream, for example, to increase its consistency. These results are important for the dairy industry and ingredient suppliers, in the standardization of UHT light cream and/or to develop low-fat products.

Download Full-text

Rheological characterization of mammalian lung mucus

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c4ra05055j ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (66) ◽

pp. 34780-34783 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Erick S. Vasquez ◽

Jacquelyn Bowser ◽

Cyprianna Swiderski ◽

Keisha B. Walters ◽

Santanu Kundu

Keyword(s):

Strain Softening ◽

Large Strain ◽

Rheological Characterization ◽

Non Linear ◽

Linear Viscoelastic ◽

Mammalian Lung ◽

Complex Fluid

Mammalian lung mucus is a complex fluid that displays non-linear viscoelastic responses, strain-stiffening at low-strain and strain-softening at large strain values.

Download Full-text

Laboratory testing to develop a non-linear viscoelastic model for rutting of asphalt concrete

Sixth International RILEM Symposium on Performance Testing and Evaluation of Bituminous Materials ◽

10.1617/2912143772.063 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

F. Long

Keyword(s):

Asphalt Concrete ◽

Laboratory Testing ◽

Viscoelastic Model ◽

Non Linear ◽

Linear Viscoelastic ◽

Linear Viscoelastic Model

Download Full-text

Anisotropic and age-dependent elastic material behavior of the human costal cartilage

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-93176-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Matthias Weber ◽

Markus Alexander Rothschild ◽

Anja Niehoff

Keyword(s):

Costal Cartilage ◽

Indentation Test ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Material Behavior ◽

Cartilage Tissue ◽

Elastic Behavior ◽

Unconfined Compression ◽

Unconfined Compression Test ◽

Young’S Moduli ◽

Age Related

AbstractCompared to articular cartilage, the biomechanical properties of costal cartilage have not yet been extensively explored. The research presented addresses this problem by studying for the first time the anisotropic elastic behavior of human costal cartilage. Samples were taken from 12 male and female cadavers and unconfined compression and indentation tests were performed in mediolateral and dorsoventral direction to determine Young’s Moduli EC for compression and Ei5%, Ei10% and Eimax at 5%, 10% and maximum strain for indentation. Furthermore, the crack direction of the unconfined compression samples was determined and histological samples of the cartilage tissue were examined with the picrosirius-polarization staining method. The tests revealed mean Young’s Moduli of EC = 32.9 ± 17.9 MPa (N = 10), Ei5% = 11.1 ± 5.6 MPa (N = 12), Ei10% = 13.3 ± 6.3 MPa (N = 12) and Eimax = 14.6 ± 6.6 MPa (N = 12). We found that the Young’s Moduli in the indentation test are clearly anisotropic with significant higher results in the mediolateral direction (all P = 0.002). In addition, a dependence of the crack direction of the compressed specimens on the load orientation was observed. Those findings were supported by the orientation of the structure of the collagen fibers determined in the histological examination. Also, a significant age-related elastic behavior of human costal cartilage could be shown with the unconfined compression test (P = 0.009) and the indentation test (P = 0.004), but no sex effect could be detected. Those results are helpful in the field of autologous grafts for rhinoplastic surgery and for the refinement of material parameters in Finite Element models e.g., for accident analyses with traumatic impact on the thorax.

Download Full-text