scholarly journals Human Biomonitoring – An overview on biomarkers and their application in Occupational and Environmental Health

Biomonitoring ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Ladeira ◽  
Susana Viegas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Human Biomonitoring ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Modelling ◽  
Synthetic Compounds ◽  
Environmental And Occupational Health

Abstract Human biomonitoring (HBM) is a scientificallydeveloped approach for assessing human exposures to natural and synthetic compounds from environment, occupation, and lifestyle. It relies on the measurement of particular substances or biological breakdown products, known as metabolites, in human tissues and/or fluids, and also includes the study of their effects and the possible influence of individual susceptibility as response modulators. HBM is a growing area of knowledge used for exposure and risk assessment in environmental and occupational health, and its importance has been increasing as a result of advancements in the ability to measure greater numbers of chemicals in the human body and tissues. In order to achieve this purpose, HBM focuses on the use of biomarkers as measurable indicators of early changes in biological systems. However, because data interpretation requires caution, it is strongly recommended that the interpretation of HBM results be combined with air monitoring data or pharmacokinetic modelling in order to better understand exposure sources and the metabolism of chemicals.

scholarly journals Dermal Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Baby Diapers: A Critical Review of the Quantitative Health Risk Assessment Con-Ducted by the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Hazardous Chemicals ◽  
Environmental And Occupational Health

In January 2019, the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES) published an opinion on risks related to the presence of hazardous chemicals in infant diapers. ANSES found that health reference values were largely exceeded for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), dioxins (PCCD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorobiphenyls (DL-PCBs). The levels of formaldehyde and of some fragrances were also considered potentially unsafe. Therefore, ANSES concluded that actions have to be taken to restrict levels of these contaminants in diapers. Under the exposure scenario deemed the most reliable by ANSES, estimates of cancer risks of the most potent PAHs detected in diapers exceeded 10-3 and hazard quotients for neurobehavioral effects attained values up to 66. Regarding dioxins and DL-PCBs, ANSES derived a hazard quotient of 12 for the risk of decreased sperm count at adult age. The aim of this critical review was to examine whether the exposure and risk assessment conducted by ANSES contained potential flaws that could explain such a high exceedance of health reference values. The review will also put into perspective the exposure from diapers with that from breast milk whose benefits for child’s health are undisputable despite contamination by PAHs, dioxins and DL-PCBS.

Teaching Interpersonal Skills to Occupational and Environmental Health Professionals

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1299-1306
Author(s):  
Stanley Rabinowitz ◽  
Mabel Feiner ◽  
Joseph Ribak
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Interpersonal Skills ◽  
Teaching Techniques ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
Environmental And Occupational Health

An innovative course for teaching communication and interpersonal relationships was delivered to 29 environmental and occupational health professionals. This course aimed to highlight interpersonal and emotional aspects in the professional-client interaction and incumbent communication aspects when consulting team members, colleagues, and nonprofessionals in the occupational arena. Various experiential and other teaching techniques were used. Assessment showed that participants reported the positive features of such a course although few changes in either psychosocial abilities or awareness were evident. Possible ramifications of the findings are discussed.

Occupational Safety and Health in China, Part I: U.S.-China Symposium on “Integrating Occupational and Environmental Health”

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Quinn ◽  
Ken Geiser ◽  
Li Lin
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Sustainable Production ◽  
Worker Health And Safety ◽  
University Of Massachusetts ◽  
Environmental And Occupational Health

A joint China-U.S. symposium entitled “Integrating Occupational and Environmental Health” was organized by the Department of Science and Technology of Hebei Province, PRC, and the Department of Work Environment at the University of Massachusetts Lowell, U.S.A. A framework called “Sustainable Production” was proposed by U.S. participants to link environmental and worker protection. Sustainable production focuses on systems of production that integrate concerns for the long-term viability of the environment, worker health and safety, the community, and the economic performance of firms and other enterprises. The disciplines of environmental and occupational health and safety were brought together by Chinese participants under the unifying theme of the development, implementation, and impact of new technologies. As production processes are increasingly concentrated in China, collaboration among U.S. and Chinese environmental and occupational health and safety professionals is ever more essential.

scholarly journals Urinary, Circulating, and Tissue Biomonitoring Studies Indicate Widespread Exposure to Bisphenol A

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura N. Vandenberg ◽  
Ibrahim Chahoud ◽  
Jerrold J Heindel ◽  
Vasantha Padmanabhan ◽  
Francisco J.R Paumgartten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
General Population ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Human Biomonitoring ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Adverse Health Effects

Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the highest-volume chemicals produced worldwide, and human exposure to BPA is thought to be ubiquitous. Thus, there are concerns that the amount of BPA to which humans are exposed may cause adverse health effects. We examined many possibilities for why biomonitoring and toxicokinetic studies could come to seemingly conflicting conclusions. More than 80 published human biomonitoring studies that measured BPA concentrations in human tissues, urine, blood, and other fluids, along with two toxicokinetic studies of human BPA metabolism were examined. Unconjugated BPA was routinely detected in blood (in the nanograms per milliliter range), and conjugated BPA was routinely detected in the vast majority of urine samples (also in the nanograms per milliliter range). In stark contrast, toxicokinetic studies proposed that humans are not internally exposed to BPA. Available data from biomonitoring studies clearly indicate that the general population is exposed to BPA and is at risk from internal exposure to unconjugated BPA. The two toxicokinetic studies that suggested human BPA exposure is negligible have significant deficiencies, are directly contradicted by hypothesis-driven studies, and are therefore not reliable for risk assessment purposes.

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