Relationship between Soil Management System and Cultivar in Black Currant (Ribes nigrum L.)

Summary This experiment evaluated the effect of soil management systems in a black currant planting on the generative potential (number of flowers per inflorescence, number of berries per cluster and yield per bush), physical attributes of the cluster and fruit (berry weight and cluster weight) and chemical properties of the fruit (soluble solids content, total sugars, titratable acidity, total anthocyanins, total phenolic content and vitamin C) of black currant cultivars. Three soil management systems were used: treatment I – bare fallow i.e. continuous tillage; treatment II – sawdust mulch, and treatment III – black polyethylene foil mulch. Four black currant cultivars were included - ‘Ben Lomond’, ‘Titania’, ‘Čačanska crna’ and ‘Tiben’. The soil management systems had a significant effect on the tested parameters. The cultivars also showed highly significant differences. Soil management system x cultivar interactions were observed for generative potential, and physical properties of the cluster and fruit, but not for fruit chemical traits, except in the soluble solids content.

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Evaluation of fermented tea (kombucha) quality

Žemės ūkio mokslai ◽

10.6001/zemesukiomokslai.v26i4.4200 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Vanesa Šliažaitė ◽

Aurelija Paulauskienė ◽

Aurimas Krasauskas

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Sensory Evaluation ◽

Total Content ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Fermentation Conditions ◽

Solids Content

The research was done at Aleksandras Stulginskis University (Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy since 2019) in 2017–2018. The research object was kombucha beverage brewed from Camellia sinensis L. black, green, oolong, pu-erh tea and fermented for 9 and 22 days by microorganisms at different room lighting conditions. The soluble solids content, active acidity and titratable acidity were determined in teas fermented for 22 days. The total amount of phenolics compounds, antioxidant activity, yeast colonies and sensory evaluation of tea were determined in teas fermented for 9 days. The research results showed that the quality of fermented tea was dependent on the tea species, but fermentation conditions were not essential. During the fermentation the soluble solids content of tea decreased by an average of 0.60% and the content of acetic acid increased by 0.34%. The highest content of acetic acid was found on the 22nd day of fermentation in all species of teas. The active acidity (pH) of all investigated species of teas decreased significantly during the fermentation process. The total content of phenolic compunds in all species of teas during the fermentation increased from 20 to 57% regardless of fermentation conditions. The highest content of total phenolic compounds was established in teas fermented for 9 days. The antioxidant activity of teas fermented for 9 days varied depending on the fermentation conditions. For black and green teas fermented in the light the antioxidant activity decreased, for oolong and pu-erh teas fermented in the dark the antioxidant activity increased. The number of yeast colonies increased in all tea samples during the fermentation. The best taste was fixed for pu-erh tea, which scored the highest (11.4) in sensory evaluation.

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Production, physicochemical quality and antioxidant capacity of ‘Niagara Rosada’ grape grafted on different rootstocks

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v36n6a2020-48198 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Bruna Thaís Ferracioli Vedoato ◽

Francisco José Domingues Neto ◽

Adilson Pimentel Junior ◽

Ana Paula Maia Paiva ◽

Marlon Jocimar Rodrigues da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Total Phenolic Compounds ◽

Production Cycles ◽

Solids Content ◽

Niagara Rosada

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of rootstocks on grape production, quality and antioxidant capacity of ‘Niagara Rosada’ grape in two productive cycles. The work was developed in Jundiaí-SP, Brazil (26° 06’ S, 46° 55’ W and an average altitude of 745 m). The experimental design was in randomized blocks with subdivided plots, the plots being represented by the rootstocks and the subplots by the production cycles, with four replications, each consisting of 6 plants. The treatments consisted of a combination of ‘IAC 313 Tropical’, ‘IAC 572 Jales’, ‘IAC 571-6 Jundiaí’, ‘IAC 766 Campinas’ and ‘106-8 Mgt’ as rootstocks and ‘Niagara Rosada’ as graft, and the production cycles were 2013 and 2014. The number of bunches, production and productivity of the vines, the physical characteristics of bunches, berries and stalks and the physicochemical composition of the must (soluble solids content, titratable acidity, pH and the relation soluble solids/titratable acidity) were evaluated in production cycles of 2013 and 2014). The content of chlorophylls, anthocyanins, carotenoids, flavonoids and total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of grapes were also evaluated in grape berries. The rootstocks did not influence the production and physical quality of ‘Niagara Rosada’ grapes. As for the chemical characteristics, rootstocks only had an effect on solids content, and ‘IAC 766’ and ‘106-8 Mgt’ rootstocks promoted higher values of this characteristic. Likewise, the total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of the grapes were not influenced by the studied rootstocks. The vines in 2013 presented higher production and better physical characteristics of the grapes, however, the soluble solids content in this cycle was lower than in 2014.

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Influence of stock on physical and chemical traits of fresh apricot fruit

International Agrophysics ◽

10.2478/v10247-012-0075-x ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 111-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. Milošević ◽

N. Milošević ◽

I. Glišić ◽

G. Šekularac

Keyword(s):

Titratable Acidity ◽

The Other ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Fruit Firmness ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Total Sugars ◽

Solids Content ◽

Chemical Traits ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Fruit Mass

Abstract The study was conducted to determine the effects of Myrobalan rootstock and Blackthorn interstock on fruit physical and chemical traits of five apricot cultivars. The results showed that cultivars grafted on Myrobalan rootstock appear to induce a higher fruit mass when compared with the Blackthorn interstock. Blackthorn interstock showed a tendency to induce a higher soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio than Myrobalan. Values of soluble solids content, total sugars, titratable acidity and fruit firmness between Myrobalan rootstock and Blackthorn interstock were not significant. Regarding cultivars, the greatest fruit mass observed in Roxana in both treatments, and the lowest in Biljana on Myrobalan and in Vera on Blackthorn. The lowest soluble solids, total sugars and soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio were found in Roxana in both variants of grafting, whereas the greatest titratable acidity also observed in Roxana in both cases, respectively. Based on the results from this study, the fruits of Roxana can be recommended for fresh consumption, whereas fruits of the other cultivars can be recommended for processing.

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Nondestructive Quality Screening of Green Tomatoes Using Ethylene Gas

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.641b ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 641b-641

Author(s):

F. Maul ◽

S.A. Sargent

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid Content ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Short Exposure ◽

Internal Quality ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Nondestructive Technique ◽

Total Sugars ◽

Solids Content

The effects of prolonged ethylene exposure on external and internal quality parameters of tomato fruits were studied in order to explore the feasibility of its use as a nondestructive technique for screening immature and inferior quality fruit. `Agriset' and `CPT-5' tomatoes were hand harvested at Stage 1 (green) and held at 20°C and 50 ppm ethylene for 1-7 days. Each 24 hours, fruits reaching Stage 2 (breaker) were removed from C2H4 and transferred to 20°C air for subsequent ripening. Tomatoes were considered at edible maturity upon reaching full red-ripe stage and 4 mm deformation and final quality parameters were determined. For both cultivars, fruits which required prolonged C2H4 exposure to reach Stage 2 had lower overall visual appearance. `Agriset' tomatoes which required short exposure times to C2H4 (1 to 3 days) had somewhat higher quality than those requiring prolonged times (4 or 5 days). Days to reach edible maturity were 9.5 and 7.7, respectively. For the short exposure times, peel color was more intense (higher chroma value), while soluble solids content and total sugars were significantly higher (P = 0.05). Quality of `CPT-5' tomatoes was not adversely affected until requiring 6 or 7 days exposure to C2H4. Days to reach edible maturity decreased from an average of 12.5 to 11.0 for 1 to 5 or for 6 to 7 days exposure, respectively. For fruits requiring 7 days exposure, soluble solids content, total sugars and pH were significantly higher than for those reaching Stage 2 in fewer days. There were no significant differences in titratable acidity or ascorbic acid content for either cultivar.

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Blueberry jam: sensorial analyzes and effect of storage on physical and chemical properties.

Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Alimentos ◽

10.14685/rebrapa.v5i1.150 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Daniela Helena Pelegrine Guimarães ◽

Gisele Leticia Alves ◽

Amanda Faria Querido

Keyword(s):

Water Activity ◽

Reducing Sugars ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Fruit Skin ◽

Sensorial Attributes ◽

Solids Content ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

The proposal of the present research includes eight Blueberry jam formulations, from Rabbiteye species (Climax and Powder Blue varieties). For gelling, four formularizations were used: synthetic ATM pectin (F1), pectin obtained from passion fruit skin extraction (F2), synthetic BTM pectin (F3), and synthetic BTM pectin mixed with gums mixture (F4). Product Sensorial tests were performed and sensorial attributes evaluated were flavor, color, texture and appearance. According with sensorial tests and the Anova results, it could be concluded that the two more accepted formularizations were: F2 and F4 (For Climax variety) and F1 e F4 (for Powder Blue variety). Therefore, these formulations were evaluated for pH, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, water activity, total and reducing sugars, total and anthocyanins, from the first day of storage and after 30, 90 and 120 days to analyze the storage effect on jam characteristics. Jam processing reduces anthocyanins content (about 57% for conventional formulations and 35% for light jam); however, the jam may still be considered anthocyanins source, owing to the high content even after processing. After 40 storage days a significant decrease on jam anthocyanin levels was observed, except the products with higher sugar contents. Comparing the anthocyanin levels at time zero and after 120 days of storage, it appears that the decrease in pigment concentration was higher in the climax of fruit variety (approximately 44%). After 30 days of storage, the percentage of acidity, pH, water activity, moisture and soluble solids content remained constant. DOI: 10.14685/rebrapa.v5i1.150

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The Influence of Climate on Fruit Development and Quality of Four Low-chill Peach Cultivars

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.44.3.666 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 666-670 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Todd W. Wert ◽

Jeffrey G. Williamson ◽

Jose X. Chaparro ◽

E. Paul Miller ◽

Robert E. Rouse

Keyword(s):

Fruit Development ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

North Central ◽

Southwest Florida ◽

The North ◽

Solids Content

The effect of climate was observed on fruit quality of four low-chill peach cultivars (Flordaprince, Flordaglo, UFGold, and TropicBeauty). The cultivars were evaluated in three locations (north–central, central, and southwest Florida). Soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), SSC:TA ratio, fruit weight, blush, and fruit development period (FDP) were determined. Longer FDPs were observed at the north–central location than at the southwest location. Fruit development and the expression of quality attributes were affected by location during fruit growth with higher color and SSC and shorter FDP occurring under warmer conditions. Within locations, ‘UFGold’ had the shortest FDP except at the southwest location where its chilling requirement may not have been met. At the central and southwest locations, ‘UFGold’ also tended to have lower TA values and higher SSC;TA ratios than the other cultivars.

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Road transport vibration stress impact on ‘Palmer’ mangoes quality and shelflife

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452021641 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Josenara Daiane de Souza Costa ◽

Acácio Figueiredo Neto ◽

Nelson Cárdenas Olivier ◽

Marcos Antônio da Silva Irmão ◽

Marylia de Sousa Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Titratable Acidity ◽

Road Transport ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Storage Quality ◽

Vibration Machine ◽

Vibration Stress ◽

Absorbance Difference ◽

Solids Content

Abstract Studying the causes of postharvest fruit loss is important to avoid reduction of quality and quantity for the consumer due, for example, to the influence of frequent impacts from vibrations during transportation. In this sense, this study evaluates the storage quality of ‘Palmer’ mangoes after being subjected to different simulated road transport vibrations. Vibration was simulated from the analysis of the profile of the frequencies generated in road transport of fruit, determined in a tractor trailer. ‘Palmer’ mangoes stored after vibration stress wereevaluated for: mass loss, absorbance difference index (IAD), peel and pulp browning index (BI), pulp firmness, soluble solids content, and titratable acidity. The development of a vibration machine made it possible to satisfactorily simulate specific vibration frequencies. Vibration stress during simulated transport led to accelerated weight loss, decreased pulp firmness, and peel browning in ‘Palmer’ mangoes.

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Root Pruning Reduces Photosynthesis, Transpiration, Growth, and Fruiting of Container-grown French-American Hybrid Grapevines

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.34.6.1064 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 1064-1067 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

D.C. Ferree ◽

D.M. Scurlock ◽

J.C. Schmid

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Root Pruning ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Total Leaf Area ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Solids Content

`Seyval blanc' and `Vidal blanc' grapevines (Vitis sp.) grown in large containers were root-pruned at different severities and/or stages of development and the effects on growth of both cultivars and fruiting of `Seyval blanc' were determined. As the severity of root pruning increased, stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration (E) decreased and the number of wilted leaves increased in both cultivars. In both cultivars, root pruning reduced net photosynthesis (Pn) and E for as long as 18 to 20 days, as well as total leaf area and dry weight of leaves and petioles plus tendrils. The reductions were proportional to the degree of root pruning. A similar pattern existed for cane and root tissue of `Vidal blanc'. As the severity of root pruning increased, berry and cluster weight, and titratable acidity (TA) of `Seyval blanc' decreased. There was no effect of root pruning on berries per cluster, soluble solids content (SSC), or pH of the juice. No interaction was significant for any factor between time of root pruning and fruiting measured on `Seyval blanc' vines. Root pruning at bloom reduced leaf area, number of leaves, and dry weight of petioles, trunks, and canes. Root pruning at veraison had no effect on any vegetative or fruit parameters. Fruiting `Seyval blanc' vines had less leaf area and smaller petiole and cane dry weights than did nonfruiting vines.

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Response of Mango Fruit to Potassium Permanganate as an Ethylene Absorbent during Storage

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.638c ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 638c-638

Author(s):

Judith Zambrano ◽

Sagrario Briceño ◽

Clara Mendez ◽

Eliseo Castellano

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Skin Color ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Mango Fruit ◽

Color Parameters ◽

Duration Of Storage ◽

Solids Content ◽

Temperature Storage

Mango fruit of `Palmer' and `Keitt' were harvested at the preclimacteric stage. An inexpensive ethylene absorbent was made by mixing aqueous KMnO4 with vermiculite and silicagel as support material. Fruits were treated with the mixture of vermiculite–KMnO4 and silicagel–KMnO4 as ethylene absorbents and stored at 10 and 15°C for 18 days. Fruits were evaluated for skin and pulp color, total soluble solids, titratable acidity and weight loss at interval of 3 days. Ethylene absorbents had no significant effect on skin color parameters (lightness, hue, and chroma). However differences due to ethylene absorbents and temperature storage were evident on pulp color parameters. Soluble solids content and titratable acidity were affected by ethylene absorbent and temperature storage. The percent of weight loss increased with temperature and with duration of storage.

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Postharvest Quality of Grape Tomatoes Treated with 1-Methylcyclopropene at Advanced Ripeness Stages

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.41.1.183 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 183-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Muharrem Ergun ◽

Steven A. Sargent ◽

Donald J. Huber

Keyword(s):

Ethylene Production ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Postharvest Quality ◽

Fruit Firmness ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Respiration Rates ◽

Total Titratable Acidity ◽

Solids Content

Grape tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. `Santa') harvested at light-red (>90% color) and full-red stages were treated with 1 μL·L–1 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) for 24 hours at 20 °C and stored at 20 °C. After 1 day of storage, fruit harvested at light-red stage treated with 1-MCP had a 56% lower respiration rate than untreated fruit. By day 7, respiration rates of the two treatments had converged at about 2 mL·kg–1·h–1. Ethylene production of light-red stage tomatoes treated with 1-MPC was 24% lower than untreated during storage, with rates converging by day 11. For fruit harvested full-red, 1-MCP had similar effects on respiration and ethylene production, although convergence occurred earlier, by day 5. Subsequent tests were conducted only with fruit harvested at full-red stage, since fruit harvested at the light-red stage had lower soluble solids content (4.3%) than fruit harvested at the full-red stage (5.5%). Several combinations of 1-MCP concentrations and exposure times were applied at 20 °C: 1 μL·L–1 for 24 h, 5 μL·L–1 for 6 or 12 h, 25 μL·L–1 for 6 or 12 h, and 50 μL·L–1 for 6 or 12 h; following the respective pretreatment fruits were stored at 20 °C. 1-MCP pretreatment extended marketable life by 1 d, irrespective of pretreatment regime, where untreated and pretreated fruit remained marketable (<15% of fruit soft, decayed and/or shriveled) for 6 and 7 d, respectively. However, 1-MCP did not affect whole fruit firmness, epidermal color, internal color, soluble solids content (6.5%), total titratable acidity (0.64%), or pH (4.3). In a third test simulating commercial handling procedures, full-red harvested tomatoes were treated with 1 μL·L–1 1-MCP for 24 h at either 13 or 20 °C, stored for 4 d at 13 °C, and then transferred to 20 °C. Under these conditions, marketable life for untreated and 1-MCP-treated tomatoes was 7 and 8 d, respectively.

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