scholarly journals Comparing natural regeneration of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. in the Kaszuby Lake District and in the other regions of northern Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-314
Author(s):  
Marcin Szydlarski ◽  
Jerzy Modrzyński ◽  
Mateusz Stopiński ◽  
Michał Majewski ◽  
Krzysztof Maras
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Lake District ◽  
The West ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Natural Range

Abstract The paper investigates the biometric characteristics natural Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) regeneration in the Kaszuby Lake District, which is beyond the acknowledged Norway spruce range, with the natural regeneration in the Augustów Forest situated deep within the natural range, Warmia, at the edge of the natural range and in the West-Pomerania Lake District far beyond the natural range. For each region, four tree stands with similar light conditions on the forest floor were selected, including two cambisols and two brunic arenosols. All sites contained naturally regenerating spruces 16–17 years of age. The features of the forest stand and the biometric features of the saplings were determined for the selected stands on circular research plots. Altogether, the characteristicts of 400 saplings (100 in each region) were measured and analyzed using basic descriptive statistics. ANOVA with the Tukey’s multiple comparison test was performed to compare the features of forest stands and the natural regeneration of spruce in each region. The degree of interrelation between regeneration features was described by Pearson’s, ‘r’ factor or Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. A discriminatory analysis was carried out to determine the set of regeneration features differentiating regions from each other. The features of regeneration that differed between regions the most were: height of regeneration, basal diameter, mean height increment, and mean basal diameter increment of the saplings. The parameters for Warmia and the West-Pomerania Lake District were similar. The Augustów Forest showed the lowest values for the regeneration parameters, while the Kaszuby Lake District produced the highest values. The regeneration in the Kaszuby Lake District was markedly different from all other regions as indicated by more dynamic growth. Additionally, this population shows a great distinctness, indicating adaptation to local environmental conditions, which may be proof for the insular presence hypothesis of spruce in this region. Due to their good quality, spontaneously developing natural regenerations in the Kaszuby Lake District should be supported by appropriate cutting and silvicultural measures.

scholarly journals Increase of natural regeneration area of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) in the Kaszuby Lake District during the decade 2002–2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Szydlarski ◽  
Jerzy Modrzyński
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Lake District ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Regional Headquarters ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Natural Range

Abstract The Kaszuby Lake District is located beyond the natural range of Norway spruce, however its share in local forest stands is considerable (14.8%) and its vitality and growth are here not less than within the natural range. The study presents the results of stock-taking of natural regeneration of Norway spruce in this region in year 2002 and 2012 and the relevant silvicultural recommendations. The stock of spruce natural regeneration was taken using the electronic database of the Regional Headquarters of State Forests in Gdańsk. The regeneration was put into following categories: seedlings (height below 0.5 m), lower advanced growth (height above 0.5 m and DBH below 7 cm), higher advanced growth (height above 3 m and DBH above 7 cm) and undergrowth (with dominating self sown spruce). In total 20 834 ha of Norway spruce natural regenerations were listed in year 2002 and 26 016 ha in year 2012 (increase by 24.9%). Most of them occur in fresh sites suited for mixed deciduous forests (LMśw) - in years 2002 and 2012 respectively 52.5% and 50.1%, and fresh sites suited for mixed coniferous forests (BMśw) - in years 2002 and 2012 respectively 30.4% and 32%. The increase of natural regeneration of Norway spruce in this period was connected with the 23.6% decrease in volume of spruce stands in age of above 40 years. Majority of spontaneously arriving spruce regenerations turn to the undergrowth, because of unfavorable light conditions under canopy and much to high density of seedlings and advanced growth. Good quality advanced growth on suited forest sites should be uncovered by thinning cuttings and consequently included into the future multispecies stands, with Norway spruce share up to 30%.

scholarly journals Relationships between stem size and branch basal diameter variability in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.)�Karsten) from two regions of France

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 525-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Loub�re ◽  
Laurent Saint-Andr� ◽  
Jean-Christophe Herv� ◽  
Geir Isaak Vest�l
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Stem Size

scholarly journals Effects of gap size on natural regeneration and micro-environmental soil conditions in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst) dominated mixed forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 607-615
Author(s):  
Maame Esi Hammond ◽  
Radek Pokorný
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Gap Size ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L

The study focused on the effects of gap size on natural regeneration of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) and micro-environmental soil conditions in gaps of different sizes under temperate mixed forest in the Czech Republic. Six gaps comprising two for small (≥ 200 m<sup>2</sup>), medium (≥ 500 m<sup>2</sup>) and big (≥ 900 m<sup>2</sup>) each were selected. Ten circular 1 m<sup>2</sup> subsampling plots were established at 2 m intervals along individual North-South-East-West transects, including one at the gap centre. Regeneration was monitored in 2014 and repeatedly in 2019. Soil conditions were only measured in 2019. Gap size was found to be a significant parameter for European beech natural regeneration in 2014. Besides, the quick occupation of European beech in gaps at natural beech zone provoked its prolific regeneration compared to Norway spruce in 2014. However, in 2019 the recent threat of weather variabilities was responsible for the general abysmal growth performance of natural regeneration. Division of gap microsites into different within-gap positions based on prevailing light or shade conditions was helpful in assessing the significant variations of soil conditions within-gap positions and among gap sizes. Soil temperature and moisture significantly influenced the regeneration of European beech and Norway spruce, respectively.  

scholarly journals Effects of Volatile Emissions of Picea abies Fresh Debris on Ips duplicatus Response to Characteristic Synthetic Pheromone

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai-Leonard DUDUMAN ◽  
Iuliana VASIAN
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Volatile Emissions ◽  
Specific Host ◽  
Fresh Material ◽  
Synthetic Pheromone ◽  
Ips Duplicatus ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Olfactory Stimuli ◽  
Natural Range

Ips duplicatus is an important pest of Norway spruce (Picea abies) planted outside of its natural range. This species uses olfactory signals to identify the spruce trees favourable for colonisation. The knowledge of the beetles’ response to these stimuli is important for managing this pest. Therefore, the response of Ips duplicatus to a specific synthetic pheromone was investigated under some natural sources of volatile emissions characteristic of Norway spruce. The pheromone traps were installed in two types of forests: one with fresh and large Norway spruce stumps and piles of branches, releasing large amounts of host volatile substances (terpenes and alcohols) and one without such fresh material. The experiment was repeated in three pairs of sites located in plantations out of the natural range of Norway spruce. Finally it was found that Ips duplicatus beetles, regardless of sex, have been concentrated in areas where large amounts of fresh material were available, confirming that Ips duplicatus beetles are using both natural pheromones and specific host volatiles as olfactory stimuli in searching for breeding material.

scholarly journals Dynamik der Wiederbewaldung im Waldbrandgebiet von Leuk (Wallis) | Recruitment dynamics following the forest fire near Leuk (Valais)

2010 ◽  
Vol 161 (11) ◽  
pp. 450-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Wohlgemuth ◽  
Christoph Hester ◽  
Anna-Regula Jost ◽  
Ulrich Wasem ◽  
Barbara Moser
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
European Larch ◽  
Quercus Pubescens ◽  
European Aspen

After the intensive forest fire near Leuk, in 2003 the question arose whether and how fast the forest would regenerate. To answer this question, we observed the recolonisation by plants in the 300 ha of burned area annually from 2004 to 2008, using a set of permanently installed and systematically arranged sample plots of 200 m2 (n = 151). Five years after the fire, natural regeneration of the trees at altitudes above 1,700 m attains a density of 1,760 stems/ha, wich is comparable with results found after the forest fire in Val Müstair (Graubünden) in 1983, or after windthrow “Vivian” in 1990 in the Northern Prealps. The most frequent tree species are the pioneers, namely the European aspen (Populus tremula), large-leaved willow and goat willow (Salix appendiculata and S. caprea). Norway spruce (Picea abies) and European larch (Larix decidua) are present in small numbers. Natural regeneration is smaller at middle and lower altitudes, with roughly 1,160 stems/ha at altitudes between 1,300 and 1,700 m, and 700 stems/ha below 1,300 m. Here in many places pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens) regenerates itself with coppice shoots. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) regenerates only sparsely. By applying Ripley's K-function to triangle plots, we found that regeneration is significantly clumped in 79% of the plots having more than ten trees of at least 25 cm of height. Spatial aggregation often starts at very short distances between trees, and is observable both within and between species. Five years after the forest fire, we can confirm that forest will regenerate at all altitudes. The first forest phase will be bush forest.

scholarly journals Genetic variability of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) natural regeneration compared with their maternal stands

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Anna Nowakowska ◽  
Tadeusz Zachara ◽  
Agata Konecka
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficient ◽  
Adult Trees ◽  
Forest District

Abstract The genetic variability and biodiversity of tree populations ensure the stability and sustainability of forest ecosystems. New research tools based on molecular DNA markers enable precise characterisation of forest genetic resources, i.e. detection of different allele frequencies in mature trees and progeny populations. The paper describes the genetic structure of mature stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Oława Forest District and Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) in Jawor Forest District and stands of their respective progeny. In the Scots pine stand, there was a slight increase (0.6%) in heterozygosity level and a larger increase (4.9%) in the inbreeding coefficient of progeny trees. In the Norway spruce stand, despite a small reduction (0.9%) in heterozygosity, a similar increase (4.6%) in the inbreeding coefficient of progeny was revealed. In both stands, allele richness and the partition probability of basic clustering were high. Both pine and spruce adults and progeny trees were characterised by high levels of genetic similarity (96% and 79%, respectively). Gene flow between the mature and progeny populations was high (Nm > 1) for both Scots pine and Norway spruce. Conservation of the gene pool within forest tree stands requires an increase in the proportion of natural regeneration. To estimate the extent to which genes are transmitted between adult trees and their progeny, more studies are needed, especially taking into account the influence of silviculture measures, like selective tree cutting, on the genetic variability of the younger generation. These results confirm that the gene pool was conserved when transmitted between the stands studied, as well as highlight the usefulness of such a study for silvicultural purposes

The extent and meaning of hybridization and introgression between Siberian spruce (Picea obovata) and Norway spruce (Picea abies): cryptic refugia as stepping stones to the west?

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2773-2789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Tsuda ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Michael Stocks ◽  
Thomas Källman ◽  
Jørn Henrik Sønstebø ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
The West ◽  
Picea Obovata ◽  
Siberian Spruce ◽  
Hybridization And Introgression

scholarly journals Impacts of soil conditions and light availability on natural regeneration of Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. in low-elevation mountain forests

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin K. Dyderski ◽  
Anna Gazda ◽  
Mariusz Hachułka ◽  
Paweł Horodecki ◽  
Izabela L. Kałucka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Mountain Forests

scholarly journals Decline of Norway spruce in the Krkonoše Mts.

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Mauer ◽  
E. Palátová
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
National Park ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Humus Horizons

The paper summarizes results from the analyses of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) stands managed by the Forest Administration in Horn&iacute; Mar&scaron;ov, Krkono&scaron;e National Park (KRNAP), which are affected by decline and by yellowing of the assimilatory apparatus. Forest stands included in the analyses were aged 10&ndash;80 years and originated from both artificial and natural regeneration. Analyses of root systems were combined with analyses of soil chemical properties and assimilatory organs, weather conditions and emissions. The analyses showed that affected trees had small and malformed anchoring root systems with a lower number of horizontal roots and a lower number of fine roots of lower vitality (high proportion of dead fine roots), which penetrated only through the uppermost humus horizons. Root systems of affected trees are infested by the honey fungus (Armillaria sp.), which colonizes anchor roots. Neither root nor bole rots were detected so far.

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