Existence of special rainbow triangles in weak geometries

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-498
Author(s):  
Victor Pambuccian
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonality Relation ◽  
Absolute Geometry ◽  
Acute Triangle ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Meaningful Definition

Abstract We show that, in any ordered plane with a symmetric orthogonality relation which allows for a meaningful definition of acute and obtuse angles, in which all points are colored with three colors, such that each color is used at least once, there must exist both an acute triangle whose vertices have all three colors and an obtuse triangle with the same property. We also show that, in both a geometry endowed with an orthogonality relation, in which there is a reflection in every line, in which all right angles are bisectable, which satisfies Bachmann’s Lotschnittaxiom (the perpendiculars raised on the sides of a right angle intersect), and in plane absolute geometry, in which all points are colored with three colors, such that each color is used at least once, there exists a right triangle with all vertices of different colors.

Dynamical black holes

2020 ◽  
pp. 312-336
Author(s):  
Piotr T. Chruściel
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Cauchy Data ◽  
Einstein Equations ◽  
Black Hole Spacetimes ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Meaningful Definition ◽  
Stability Results ◽  
Black Hole Solutions

In this chapter we review what is known about dynamical black hole-solutions of Einstein equations. We discuss the Robinson–Trautman black holes, with or without a cosmological constant. We review the Cauchy-data approach to the construction of black-hole spacetimes. We propose some alternative approaches to a meaningful definition of black hole in a dynamical spacetime, and we review the nonlinear stability results for black-hole solutions of vacuum Einstein equations.

Conceptualizing a Meaningful Definition of Hazing in Sport

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Brian Crow ◽  
Eric W. Macintosh
Keyword(s):  
Definition Of ◽  
Meaningful Definition

On the attractive force of the gravitational field in static space times

1970 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Müller zum Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Test Particle ◽  
Gravitational Force ◽  
Killing Vector ◽  
Attractive Force ◽  
Potential Surfaces ◽  
Asymptotically Flat ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Meaningful Definition ◽  
Static Space

AbstractA static metric is considered. A meaningful definition of gravitational force is given and the potential, which is the norm of the Killing vector ξa, is studied. For the case that the metric is asymptotically flat, the following is shown: The equi-potential surfaces are closed 2-dimensional surfacesSlying in the rest space V3, which is the hypersurface orthogonal to ξa. All the surfacesSenclose matter, and the gravitational force points intoStowards the enclosed matter. A test particle starting atSwill be pulled into the domain bounded bySand will never leave this domain.

Defining Investment Under the ICSID Convention and BITs: Of Ordinary Meaning, Telos, and Beyond

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mavluda SATTOROVA
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
International Investment ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
International Trade Law ◽  
Investment Treaty ◽  
Ordinary Meaning ◽  
Objectivist Theory ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Meaningful Definition

A number of commentators, including Michael Hwang and Jennifer Fong who were featured in a recent issue of this journal,1 have contributed to an ongoing debate about the definition of investment by expressing their support for an objectivist theory or the “outer limits” approach as advocated inSalini v. Morocco.However, this article argues that neither theSalinitest nor the rival subjectivist theory can offer an internally consistent and viable legal framework for determining the existence of an investment. After critically examining existing approaches to defining investments in arbitral practice, international investment treaties, European Union (EU) law, and international trade law, the article considers the role of ordinary and effective interpretation and a telos behind investment treaty instruments in coining a meaningful definition.

Form

2018 ◽  
pp. 345-368
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Grimley
Keyword(s):  
Music Theory ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Characteristic P ◽  
Musical Thought ◽  
Miles Davis ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Meaningful Definition

Form is one of the most foundational concepts in music theory, but identifying a suitably precise and meaningful definition of the term proves challenging. This essay does not attempt to offer a singular definition, but rather seeks to explore aspects of the term’s history and origin, exemplifying its usage (and its implications for writing on music) across a broad repertoire from Machaut to Miles Davis. Form is predictive, regulative, and heuristic. Despite its central place in much musical thought and practice, however, it is form’s instability and openness to appropriation and change that is arguably its most persistent characteristic.

A Differentiation of Restaurant Types Based on Customers' Perceived Attributes

2021 ◽  
pp. 491-510
Author(s):  
Bình Nghiêm-Phú ◽  
Erika DeJong Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Effective Management ◽  
Customer Reviews ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Meaningful Definition

The understanding of the differences between/among types of restaurants is important with the effective management of the involved businesses. Nonetheless, a meaningful definition and differentiation of each and every type of restaurant is largely missing. Therefore, this study aims to differentiate and define the existing categories of restaurants in a tourism and travel setting. In order to obtain this objective, this study opts to collect and analyze customer reviews to reveal the external attributes that they prioritize. From there, comparisons are made to see whether different types of restaurants are attributed to different characteristics or not. After that, definition of each type of restaurant is proposed. Using reviews about restaurants in Tokyo posted on tripadvisor.com, this study confirmed that the categorization of restaurants according to price and value is a valid and reliable practice. Definitions of restaurant types were then conceptualized. Practical and theoretical implications of this study were also discussed.

Western journalism’s ‘Other’: The legacy of the Cold War in the comparative study of journalism

Journalism ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr M. Szpunar
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cold War ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Edward Said ◽  
The Press ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Meaningful Definition ◽  
Journalistic Practice

In 1995, when discussing the critiques of the New York Times made by academics and pundits, Michael Schudson stated that the newspaper has never been anything ‘like the late, unlamented Pravda’. This comparison, utilized in a variety of ways over time, originated in the canonical Four Theories of the Press (Siebert et al., 1963[1956]). This juxtaposition, more broadly, uses the Cold War ‘Other’ to define what western journalism is, or should be, by what it is not. Building on the theoretical insights of Fredrik Barth and Edward Said, this article traces the construction of this ‘Other’ in the study of western journalism. Ultimately, the author argues that the use of this ‘Other’ in the construction of a coherent, meaningful definition of western journalism, and in the explication and justification of journalistic practice therein, constitutes a problematic guide in thinking about the development of journalism in nations that were historically part of this ‘Other’.

scholarly journals Marketing as Constructive Engagement

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford J. Shultz
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
New Synthesis ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Global Affairs ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Constructive Engagement ◽  
Meaningful Definition

The purpose of this essay is to provoke a more comprehensive, historically accurate, and meaningful definition of marketing. Toward that outcome, the author introduces a framework for marketing that argues for constructive engagement with a complex, conflicted, and increasingly interdependent world in which marketing can and should play an important role. The framework offers a new synthesis commensurate with ideals generally espoused in macromarketing. An illustration based on longitudinal study of Vietnam is shared, with implications for current global affairs and with new directions for meaningful marketing research and practice.

The Symbiotic Star H1-36

1983 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Emission Line ◽  
Planetary Nebula ◽  
Line Spectrum ◽  
Symbiotic Star ◽  
Symbiotic Stars ◽  
High Excitation ◽  
Infrared Excess ◽  
Emission Line Spectrum ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Meaningful Definition

Since its discovery by Haro (1952) the star H1-36 has been catalogued as a planetary nebula despite its extremely high-excitation emission-line spectrum (e.g. [Fe VII], [Ne V]) and its imposing, variable infrared excess. Because its optical spectrum resembled those of many symbiotic stars, I have persistently classified H1-36 as such. A meaningful definition of a symbiotic star would necessarily include both the high-excitation emission-line spectrum and the presence of a cool (usually M-type or Mira) giant.

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