Development of Financial Technology With Reference to Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Lending in Indonesia

This study aims to explore the growth of financial technology (fintech) and its impact on the ability of small businesses to access funding in Indonesia with reference to peer-to-peer (P2P) lending. It adopted a case study methodology using a semistructured interview and a series of focus group discussions (FGDs) with 10 owners of small businesses and 30 owners or managers of peer-to-peer (P2P) lending companies. Two important findings were (1) the sampled small businesses benefited from P2P lending and (2) banks are the most important investor in P2P lending companies. However, this study has its limitations. First, the sample was too small to generalize to a broader population. Second, there is no national data on credit to small businesses from P2P lending to support the findings of the case. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study on this topic, specifically in Indonesia. It takes stock of the empirical evidence in the literature through the lens of small business owners.

Study of Indian Customer Mobile Banking Adoption

The banking landscape in India has been changing rapidly due to advent of emerging technologies. Consumers have adopted technology in their everyday banking transactions. These changes have been evident because of the advent of electronic channels like mobile banking (MB), internet banking, payments banking, fintech applications, and such others. Given the burgeoning Indian population, the brick and mortar model of banking hasn't been able to keep up with the increased and enhanced customer needs. This has led to bankers harping on adoption of mobile banking. The authors in this study applied a sequential mixed method quant-qual to better comprehend customer perceptions towards adoption of mobile banking services. The research was carried out in two phases: quantitative survey followed by qualitative interviews. The findings from the study helped gauge the user perception towards MB. These were concerns regarding security, internet availability, simplified user interface experience of MB, customer convenience for core banking services, and transactions with minimum number of clicks.

The Effect of Blockchain Technology in the Initial Stages of Auditor Investigation in the Halal Supply Chain

Each country in Asia will apply a halal assurance system (HAS) to get a halal certificate and logo. The problem with HAS in Asia is that every country has its own halal standard rules. This problem raises a trade dispute because imported products cannot enter another state market due to different halal standards. So, we need the same halal standards for every country in Asia, one of which requires transparency in each country's HAS. However, the HAS documentation process currently has several shortcomings, such as document fraud and transparency during internal and external audits. This chapter aims to discuss blockchain technology's development in solving internal audit problems to improve its performance, and blockchain technology can improve efficiency, transparency, and traceability of original documents, thereby enhancing the overall halal certification process. And it is hoped that this research will be taken into consideration for those who will make the same halal standards for every country in Asia.

The Islamic View on Service-Dominant Logic, Service Logic, and Customer-Dominant Logic

The purpose of this chapter is firstly to explore the differences of the three concepts of service-dominant logic, service logic, and customer dominant logic, and secondly is to see the Islamic view on these three concepts. The authors adopt the content analysis method by reviewing the literature from various sources, and the topic will then be elaborated and discussed thoroughly. A few concepts in Islam such as values in services, excellent services, Islamic work ethics are embedded into the logic. This establishes the fact that the focal point of Islam is to supply excellent services to everyone specifically the customers as well as ensuring that every service is equipped with an added value.

Digital Technology in Retail

Industrial Revolution 4.0 has initiated digital transformation in Asia and resulted in Retail 4.0 forcing shopping malls to upgrade themselves digitally to remain competitive. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of upgrading shopping malls with digital retail technology (digital up-gradation) on shoppers' satisfaction mediated by operational performance. This study adopted explanatory, quantitative research by collecting empirical data from 212 shoppers at a famous shopping mall in the city of Kuala Lumpur using convenience sampling. The normality and reliability assessment was carried out followed by confirmatory factory analysis, validity assessment, and structural equation modelling. Findings reveal that digital up-gradation has a direct impact on shopper satisfaction, and operational performance has full mediation effect between them. The chapter then discusses implications, limitations, and future research avenues in this context.

An Overview of Agriculture Development Programs for Poverty Reduction in Rural Areas

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview description of important differences in agricultural development China and Indonesia in poverty reduction efforts in rural areas and some strategy. This chapter hopes to provide an objective picture of the development from agricultural sector level of evidence both Indonesia and China. China and Indonesia are agriculture-based countries with a program of integrated rural development as a whole to be a target of poverty reduction programs. Several farm programs related to poverty alleviation have been launched and had a good impact or significance, especially in China that is able to reduce extreme poverty from 30% in 1978 to less than 3% in 2008. Certainly many lessons can be obtained from this success, especially the concept and strategy development in rural China to be a reference of other states in its development model, especially for poverty alleviation programs.

A Differentiation of Restaurant Types Based on Customers' Perceived Attributes

The understanding of the differences between/among types of restaurants is important with the effective management of the involved businesses. Nonetheless, a meaningful definition and differentiation of each and every type of restaurant is largely missing. Therefore, this study aims to differentiate and define the existing categories of restaurants in a tourism and travel setting. In order to obtain this objective, this study opts to collect and analyze customer reviews to reveal the external attributes that they prioritize. From there, comparisons are made to see whether different types of restaurants are attributed to different characteristics or not. After that, definition of each type of restaurant is proposed. Using reviews about restaurants in Tokyo posted on tripadvisor.com, this study confirmed that the categorization of restaurants according to price and value is a valid and reliable practice. Definitions of restaurant types were then conceptualized. Practical and theoretical implications of this study were also discussed.

Reverse Logistics in the Age of Digital Transformation for Circular Economy and Halal Logistics Through the Leadership of Asia

Asia is changing rapidly. Realizing the nature of change, Asia can influence the value of change to the world. At the same time, digital technology is transforming the economic and business world. In the logistics industry, not only digitalization, but the circular economy is also disrupting. However, there is great potential for the logistics business to develop efficiency opportunities through reverse logistics. Asia has a chance to spread the value of reverse logistics as one form of a circular economy. Asia has opportunities also to bring the value of reverse logistics into halal industry. This chapter will show empirical studies from several leading companies based in Asia that implementing reverse logistics and halal logistics. All of them reinforces the opportunity of Asia's leadership to influence the reverse logistics values to the world. Through blockchain, Asia may lead the reverse logistics in the age of digital transformation for circular economy and halal logistics.

What Makes SMEs Entrepreneurs in Central Java Adopt E-Commerce?

The adoption of e-commerce by SMEs is inevitable given the changing disruptive era where marketplaces innovation opens opportunities for SMEs to become partners if they want to promote their products through marketplaces. This study uses an integrated framework of TAM, TPB, and TOE on food processing MSMEs in Semarang. There are 10 variables that affect the adoption of e-commerce; the largest to smallest influencing variables are competitive pressure, current situation, social influence, perceived trust, perceived ease for use, perceived usefulness, individual difference factors, trading partner readiness, perceived service quality, and consumer readiness. Competitive pressure is the variable with the biggest effect (26.1%) on the adoption of e-commerce. Furthermore, based on three major factors, technology, organization, and environment, the influencing factors are environment and organization; they give an effect of 56.2% on the adoption of e-commerce. Thus, the adoption of mobile-applications (GOJEK, Shopee, Grab, Tokopedia, Bukalapak) is needed to increase sales.

Immersive Technologies and Smart Cities in ASEAN

Immersive technologies can have a huge impact on the social structure of a country, opening new opportunities and new scenarios. Through the exploitation and synergy of peculiar disruptive technologies, we are witnessing a capillary development of smart cities and collaborative platforms to facilitate the citizens' lives. The Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) has the highest growth rate for the intelligent exploitation of technologies. This chapter aims to outline the real impact of technology in the social and business environment by redesigning the continuous disruptive technologies and the different changes of perspective in the relationship between the individual and social sphere. The originality of the chapter lies in analyzing the potential of the smart city to implement a sustainable and collaborative urban development plan capable of spreading technological entrepreneurship and digital innovation.