Bio-based polymer from heterogeneous catalytic polymerization of vegetable oils

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mahdi Latifi ◽  
Alireza Salehirad ◽  
Atefeh Soltani ◽  
Javad Bakhshi Azghandi
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Copper Complex ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Copper Oxides ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Catalytic Polymerization ◽  
Reaction Progress ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Printing Ink ◽  
Nitrate Complexes

AbstractRecently, printing ink ingredients have been provided from vegetable oils as a renewable, non-toxic, and biodegradable resource. In this work, to produce bio-based polymer potentially exploitable in printing ink vehicles, tris(ethylenediamine)nickel(II) nitrate and bis(ethylenediamine)copper(II) nitrate complexes were synthesized, characterized, and then used as heterogeneous catalysts for polymerization of soybean oil. Also, nickel and copper oxide catalysts were fabricated through thermolysis of the mentioned complexes and, after characterization, were employed for the polymerization reaction. The results showed that the presence of nickel and copper complex catalysts favored the reaction progress as the viscosity of the reaction product was increased 4 and 1.3 times, respectively, compared with polymerization without a catalyst. Also, the results obtained from using nickel and copper oxides indicated that these metal oxides do not have a significant effect on the reaction process.

scholarly journals Chemocatalytic Production of Lactates from Biomass-Derived Sugars

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Yulin Hu ◽  
Liying Qi ◽  
Jian He ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Sustainable Resources ◽  
Base Catalysts ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Relative Separation

In recent decades, a great deal of attention has been paid to the exploration of alternative and sustainable resources to produce biofuels and valuable chemicals, with aims of reducing the reliance on depleting confined fossil resources and alleviating serious economic and environmental issues. In line with this, lignocellulosic biomass-derived lactic acid (LA, 2-hydroxypropanoic acid), to be identified as an important biomass-derived commodity chemical, has found wide applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. In spite of the current fermentation of saccharides to produce lactic acid, sustainability issues such as environmental impact and high cost derived from the relative separation and purification process will be growing with the increasing demands of necessary orders. Alternatively, chemocatalytic approaches to manufacture LA from biomass (i.e., inedible cellulose) have attracted extensive attention, which may give rise to higher productivity and lower costs related to product work-up. This work presents a review of the state-of-the-art for the production of LA using homogeneous, heterogeneous acid, and base catalysts, from sugars and real biomass like rice straw, respectively. Furthermore, the corresponding bio-based esters lactate which could serve as green solvents, produced from biomass with chemocatalysis, is also discussed. Advantages of heterogeneous catalytic reaction systems are emphasized. Guidance is suggested to improve the catalytic performance of heterogeneous catalysts for the production of LA.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of polymeric dispersants based on vegetable oils for printing ink application

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (part1) ◽  
pp. 526-553
Author(s):  
Nadia Yossif ◽  
nadia Kandile ◽  
Nabel Negm ◽  
Mohamed Abdelaziz
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Printing Ink

Heterogeneous catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of simulated phenol wastewater by copper metal–organic frameworks

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (41) ◽  
pp. 32795-32803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Huang ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
Lianguang Wang ◽  
Dongfang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Peroxide Oxidation ◽  
Copper Metal ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Wet Peroxide Oxidation ◽  
Porous Copper ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation ◽  
Phenol Wastewater

Two different porous copper metal–organic frameworks (Cu-MOFs) named as Cu3(BTC)2 and Cu(BDC) were synthesized and applied as heterogeneous catalysts for the catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) of simulated phenol wastewater (100 mg L−1).

scholarly journals Optical monitoring of polymerizations in droplets with high temporal dynamic range

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2647-2656
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Cavell ◽  
Veronica K. Krasecki ◽  
Guoping Li ◽  
Abhishek Sharma ◽  
Hao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Polarization ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Optical Monitoring ◽  
Polarization Anisotropy ◽  
Temporal Dynamic ◽  
Reaction Progress ◽  
Aggregation Induced Emission ◽  
Fluorescence Polarization Anisotropy

Two complementary measurements, fluorescence polarization anisotropy and aggregation-induced emission, allow for in situ optical monitoring of polymerization reaction progress in droplets across varying temporal regimes of the reaction.

The mechanism of the heterogeneous catalytic polymerization of ethylene oxide

1965 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1086-1094
Author(s):  
O.V. Krylov ◽  
M.Ya. Kushnerev ◽  
Z.A. Markova ◽  
E.A. Fokina
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Catalytic Polymerization ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic

Unique mechanical properties of fullerite derivatives synthesized with a catalytic polymerization reaction

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Popov ◽  
V. Blank ◽  
S. Perfilov ◽  
D. Ovsyannikov ◽  
B. Kulnitskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Catalytic Polymerization ◽  
Image Position

Abstract

scholarly journals Fabrication of Core-Shell Structural SiO2@H3[PM12O40] Material and Its Catalytic Activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xin Yang ◽  
Junhai Wang ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Linlin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Wet Air Oxidation ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Room Condition

Through a natural tree grain template and sol-gel technology, the heterogeneous catalytic materials based on polyoxometalate compounds H3[PM12O40] encapsulating SiO2: SiO2@H3[PM12O40] (SiO2@PM12, M = W, Mo) with core-shell structure had been prepared. The structure and morphology of the core-shell microspheres were characterized by the XRD, IR spectroscopy, UV-Vis absorbance, and SEM. These microsphere materials can be used as heterogeneous catalysts with high activity and stability for catalytic wet air oxidation of pollutant dyes safranine T (ST) at room condition. The results show that the catalysts have excellent catalytic activity in treatment of wastewater containing 10 mg/L ST, and 94% of color can be removed within 60 min. Under different cycling runs, it is shown that the catalysts are stable under such operating conditions and the leaching tests show negligible leaching effect owing to the lesser dissolution.

scholarly journals Alkaline-Based Catalysts for Glycerol Polymerization Reaction: A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negisa Ebadipour ◽  
Sébastien Paul ◽  
Benjamin Katryniok ◽  
Franck Dumeignil
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wide Range

Polyglycerols (PGs) are biocompatible and highly functional polyols with a wide range of applications, such as emulsifiers, stabilizers, antimicrobial agents, in many industries including cosmetics, food, plastic and biomedical. The demand increase for biobased PGs encourages researchers to develop new catalytic systems for glycerol polymerization. This review focuses on alkaline homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. The performances of the alkaline catalysts are compared in terms of conversion and selectivity, and their respective advantages and disadvantages are commented. While homogeneous catalysts exhibit a high catalytic activity, they cannot be recycled and reused, whereas solid catalysts can be partially recycled. The key issue for heterogenous catalytic systems, which is unsolved so far, is linked to their instability due to partial dissolution in the reaction medium. Further, this paper also reviews the proposed mechanisms of glycerol polymerization over alkaline-based catalysts and discuss the various operating conditions with an impact on the performances. More particularly, temperature and amount of catalyst proved to have a significant influence on glycerol conversion and on its polymerization extent.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document